主谓一致重难点分析

主谓一致重难点分析（精选四篇）

主谓一致重难点分析 篇1

【专题导航】

主谓一致是指在英语的句子中, 谓语动词应与主语在人称、数上保持一致;即主语是复数, 谓语也用复数形式;主语是单数, 谓语则要用单数形式。高考对主谓一致的考查主要围绕名词、代词、数量词、动名词、动词不定式、从句作主语并与时态、语态等混合在一起考查。在口头与书面表达中, 同学们往往忽视了主谓一致。为了便于同学们掌握这一基础知识, 本文将就主谓一致重难点、易错点作如下归纳:

重点一:主语后接as well as;rather than;including;like;with;together with;along with;but;except;besides;no less than;more than;in addition to;and not/no等短语时, 谓语动词应与短语前面的主语保持一致。

【典例1】The famous musician, as well ashis students, ______to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. (2013年福建卷)

A.were invited B.was invited

C.have been invited D.has been invited

【解析】B。主语后接as well as介词短语时, 谓语动词应与其前的主语保持一致。本句的主语是the famous musician, 所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;根据句意, 陈述过去的事实, 故本句用一般过去时。

【典例2】Generally, students'inner motivation with high expectations from others______essential to their development. (2013年江苏卷)

A.is B.are

C.was D.were

【解析】A。主语inner motivation是不可数名词, with high expectations from others是介词短语作后置定语, 所以谓语动词应用单数形式;根据语境以及generally可知, 表示经常、习惯性动作, 故本句用一般现在时。

【典例3】All work and no play______ Jack a dull boy.

A.is making B.are making

C.make D.makes

【解析】D。如果and后接no或not+名词, 谓语应与and前面的主语保持一致, and前面的主语是all work为不可数名词, 所以谓语动词用单数形式;本句陈述客观事实与真理, 所以应用一般现在时。

重点二:由or;eitheror;neithernor;not onlybut also;notbut;whetheror等连接的并列主语, 其谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。

【典例1】Either you or one of your students______to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.

A.are B.is

C.have D.be

【解析】B。eitheror连接两个主语, 谓语动词按就近原则来确定, 所以谓语动词应与one of your students保持一致, 谓语动词用单数形式。be to+动词原形表示约定的、计划中的将要发生的动作。

【典例2】Not only John and Tom but alsotheir sister, Mary, ______great interest in the piano lessons.

A.take B.takes

C.have taken D.had taken

【解析】B。not only...but also连接两个主语, 谓语动词按就近原则;Mary作their sister的同位语, 故本句谓语动词应与“their sister”保持一致, 用单数形式;根据句意, 本句陈述一般性事实, 故用一般现在时。

重点三:在there或here所引起的倒装句中, 后接的主语不止一个时, 谓语动词应采用就近原则。

【典例】There______ a table, four chairs, three bikes in the courtyard, in the middle of which______ two tall trees with great shade.

A.are;is B.is;are

C.has;have D.have;has

【解析】B。there be句型中的谓语动词与最靠近它的名词保持一致, 所以本句应与a table保持一致, 谓语动词用单数;后接的定语从句是个倒装句, 主语是two tall trees, 所以第二空谓语动词用复数形式。

重点四:单独的动名词 (短语) 、不定式 (短语) 和从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。如果用and连接两个或多个不定式 (短语) 、动名词 (短语) 或从句作主语, 若表达同一概念, 谓语动词用单数形式;若表达不同的概念, 谓语动词则用复数形式。

【典例1】Listening to loud music at rock concerts______caused hearing loss in some teenagers.

A.is B.are

C.has D.have

【解析】C。动名词短语作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。根据句意, 听大声的音乐已经对青少年的听力造成了损害, 所以用现在完成时。根据句法结构, 此处应用主动语态。

【典例2】Professor James will give us a lec-ture on the Western culture, but when and where ______yet.

A.hasn't been decided

B.haven't decided

C.isn't being decided

D.aren't decided

【解析】A。用and连接两个短语作主语, 把主语看成一个整体, 谓语用单数形式;句中yet常与现在完成时连用;decide与主语构成动宾关系, 所以本句还应用现在完成时的被动语态。

重点五:以单数名词以及不可数名词以及代替它们的代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式时, 谓语动词用复数形式。

【典例1】The university estimates that living expenses for international students______ around$8, 450 a year, which______ a burden for some of them. (2013年湖南卷)

A.are;is B.are;are

C.is;are D.is;is

【解析】A。第一空的主语是living expenses, 所以第一空的谓语动词用复数形式;第二空的主语是which, 指代前面句子的内容, 因此从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

【典例2】All the scientific evidence______that increasing use of chemicals in farming______ damaging our health. (2012年湖南卷)

A.show;are B.shows;are

C.show;is D.shows;is

【解析】D。第一空前的主语中心词evidence是不可数名词, 所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;第二空前的主语中心词是use, 因此谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。

【典例3】We live day by day, but in thegreat things, the time of days and weeks______ so small that a day is unimportant.

A.is B.are

C.has been D.have been

【解析】A。在第二个分句中, 主语中心词the time是不可数名词, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式;本句陈述一般事实, 所以用一般现在时。

重点六:当and连接的并列单数主语前分别有no, each, every, many a, more than one修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。有时可将第二个every/each/no省略。

【典例】—Did you go to the show last night?

—Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area______ invited.

A.were B.have been

C.has been D.was

【解析】D。由时间状语last night可知, 这一动作发生在过去, 所以本句用一般过去时;由and连接的两个名词若被every修饰, 则谓语动词用单数形式。

重点七:表示“时间、距离、金钱、重量”等复数名词作主语时, 常被看作一个整体, 谓语动词用单数。

【典例】A survey of the opinions of experts______that three hours of outdoor exercise a week______ good for one's health.

A.show;are B.shows;is

C.show;is D.shows;are

【解析】B。这是一个宾语从句, 主句的主语是a survey, 所以第一空用第三人称单数形式;从句的主语是three hours of outdoor exercise a week表示时间, 是抽象概念, 故其后的谓语动词也用单数形式。

重点八:either, neither, each, every或no+单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作单数看待。

【典例】Nobody but doctors or nurses andthose ______by Dr.Wu______ to enter the patient's room

A.invited;is allowed

B.are invited;are allowed

C.being invited;allowed

D.invited;are allowed

【解析】A。根据句法, invite与those之间构成动宾关系, 所以第一空用过去分词作后置定语;主语后接but介词短语时, 谓语动词应与其前的主语保持一致;nobody是不定代词, 作主语, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

难点一:由a lot of;lots of;plenty of;the rest of;a large quantity of+名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语时, 其谓语动词的数要根据短语后面名词的数而定。

【典例1】The factory used 65 percent of theraw materials, the rest of which ______saved for other purposes. (2011年安徽卷)

A.is B.are

C.was D.were

【解析】D。在此定语从句中, the rest of后面的关系代词which指代先行词the raw materials, 定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词的数保持一致, 所以从句的谓语动词用复数形式;主句时态为一般过去式, 因此从句也用一般过去时。

【典例2】As a result of destroying the for-ests, a large______ of desert______ covered the land.

A.number;has B.quantity;has

C.number;have D.quantity;have

【解析】B。desert是不可数名词, 所以第一空用a large quantity of来修饰不可数名词desert, 所以谓语动词用单数形式。而a large number of只能修饰可数名词的复数形式, 不合题意。

【典例3】One third of the country______ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens______ black people. (2011年湖南卷)

A.is;are B.is;is

C.are;are D.are;is

【解析】A。本句中的country指“国土”, 是抽象名词, 三分之一部分当然也应用单数形式;而the majority of+可数名词复数构成的短语作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。

【考点拓展】

quantities of+可数名词或不可数名词与amounts of+不可数名词构成的短语作主语时, 谓语动词应与quantities/amounts保持一致, 其谓语动词均应用复数形式。

【典例】One survey shows that large amountsof water______ wasted every year in China, and that one third is available to be saved.

A.is B.has been

C.be D.are

【解析】D。amounts of+不可数名词构成的短语作主语, 谓语动词应与amounts保持一致, 其谓语动词均用复数形式;waste与主语之间构成动宾关系, 所以用被动语态;根据句中时间状语every year, 故本句用一般现在时的被动语态。

难点二:由few;a few;both;both of;a (large/great) number of;a good/great many;one or two;more than;the majority of+可数名词复数构成的短语作主语时, 其谓语动词的数要用复数形式。而the number of+可数名词复数与the amount of+不可数名词表示“……的数量/值”, 作主语, 谓语动词用单数。

【典例1】The number of people who______exposed to second-hand smoking in public places______ up to 740 million in China.

A.is;are B.are;are

C.are;is D.is;is

【解析】C。此句是由who引导的定语从句, 从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致, 所以第一空用are;the number of+可数名词复数表示“……的数量”, 作句子的主语, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式, 因此第二空用is。

【典例2】______children whose parents had died in the earthquak______esent to live with families in other cities.

A.A great number of;was

B.The great number of;was

C.A great number of;were

D.The great number of;were

【解析】C。根据句意, 表示“许多孩子”, 所以用a great number of来修饰可数名词的复数children, 作主语谓语动词应用复数形式;而the number of+可数名词复数表示“……的数量/值”, 不合题意。

难点三:由much, a little, a bit of, a great/good deal of, a large/great/small amount of+不可数名词构成的短语作主语时, 其谓语动词的数要用单数形式。

【典例】______money has been spent onthe projects to improve the people's living conditions.

A.A great deal of B.A great many

C.A large number of D.Many

【解析】A。money是不可数名词, 所以只能用a great deal of来修饰;而选项B、C、D只能用来修饰可数名词的复数形式。

难点四:one and a half修饰名词复数作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式, 主语是“one or two+复数名词”, 其谓语用复数形式。

【典例】The young______eaten up almosteverything;Finally one and a half bananas ______left on the table.

A.is;are B.are;is

C.has;have been D.have;has been

【解析】D。the+young表示“年轻人”, 指一类人时, 谓语动词用复数形式;one and a half后接可数名词复数, 但谓语用单数形式。根据句法, 第一个分句用主动语态, 第二个分句用被动语态。

难点五:有些只有复数形式的名词, 如:chopsticks;trousers;shoes;gloves;glasses;scissors;compasses等名词作主语时, 其谓语动词用复数形式;但是, 当这些名词前有pair时, 谓语动词则要与pair的数保持一致。

【典例】—The trousers______you well.—But the colour______ me.

A.fit;suit

B.fit;doesn't suit

C.fits;doesn't suit

D.fit;don't suit

【解析】B。trousers作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式;而colour则为单数, 所以第二空用第三人称单数形式。

难点六:means;cattle;aircraft;crossroads;works (工厂) ;sheep;species;Chinese;Japanese等单复数同形的名词作主语时, 其谓语动词应视具体情况而定。

【典例】Every possible means______ already tried, but the miners are still trapped underground.

A.were B.was

C.has been D.have been

【解析】C。means单复数同形, 在本句中means被every修饰, 所以此处的means为单数形式, 故谓语动词用单数形式;再根据句中already和后半句中的时态可知, 本句应用现在完成时的被动语态。

难点七:定冠词the+形容词或分词, 表示一类人, 谓语动词用复数形式, 常用的词有:rich, poor, dead, young, old, blind, sick, wounded, aged, disabled, living等。如果该形容词或分词表示抽象概念, 谓语动词常用单数形式。

【典例】When the injured______to the hospital, they came to______.

A.was rushed;life

B.were rushed;life

C.rushed;lives

D.were rushed;lives

【解析】B。the+形容词指某一类人时, 谓语动词用复数形式;rush与句子的主语the injured之间构成动宾关系, 所以本句应用被动语态。come to life是固定短语, 意为“苏醒”。

难点八:国名、地名、组织机构名称、书刊和杂志名等名词作主语时, 虽然形式上是复数, 但所表示的意义是单数, 所以谓语动词常用单数。由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以s结尾的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词应用复数形式。

【典例1】Do you know when the United Na-tions______?

A.set up B.sets up

C.were set up D.was set up

【解析】D。the United Nations是组织机构的名称, 所以谓语动词用单数形式;联合国的成立是发生在过去, 因此用一般过去时;set up与the United Nations之间构成动宾关系, 故本句应用被动语态。

【典例2】The Olympic games, the most ex-citing games in the world, ______usually held every four______.

A.is;years B.are;years

C.is;year D.are;year

【解析】B。根据句法, the most exciting games in the world作主语的同位语, 句子的主语是The Olympic games, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数;表示“每四年”用every four years或every fourth year。

易错点一:what引导的主语从句作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数形式。

【典例】What the remote areas need most______education to children and what the children need______ good textbooks at the moment.

A.was;were B.are;is

C.is;are D.were;was

【解析】C。根据句意, 本句陈述一般性事实, 所以用一般现在时;第一空后的education为不可数名词, 所以第一空用is, 第二空后good textbooks为可数名词复数, 因此第二空用are。

易错点二:all, some, any, most, part, half, the rest, the last等作主语, 谓语动词的数要根据主语所表示的意思来确定。

【典例1】“All______present and allgoing on well”, our monitor said.

A.is;is B.are;are

C.are;is D.is;are

【解析】C。句意:我们班长说:“所有人都出席了, 一切顺利”。根据句意, 第一个all指人, 其谓语动词用复数形式;第二个all表示事物, 谓语用单数形式。

【典例2】Half of us were out to look for him, and the rest______staying at home waiting for his call.

A.was B.is

C.were D.are

【解析】C。根据句意, 第二个分句的主语the rest指代的是我们当中剩余的人, 所以谓语动词用复数形式。

易错点三:用and或bothand连接两个或两个以上做主语的单数名词, 谓语用复数。但由名词+and+名词结构作主语, 表示一个整体、同一种事物或同一个人时, 谓语动词常用单数。

【典例】The writer and professor, who I oftenrefer to at the meetings, ______popular among those people.

A.were B.are

C.was D.is

【解析】D。句子的主语the writer and professor指这位作家兼教授, 指同一个人, 所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;本句陈述一般性事实, 因此本句用一般现在时。

【考点拓展】

类似成对的名词还有:bread and butter, soda and water, aim and end, salt and water, a needle and thread, a horse and cart, a watch and chain, a knife and fork, truth and honesty, medical help and cure, iron and steel等。

【典例】Butter and bread ______their daily food, but the bread and the butter______ up now

A.is;are eaten

B.are;have been eaten

C.are;are eaten

D.is;have been eaten

【解析】A。butter and bread意为“抹上黄油的面包”, 是一种食物, 所以第一空的谓语动词用单数形式;the bread and the butter意为“面包和黄油”是两种食物, 所以第二空的谓语动词用复数形式并用被动语态。

易错点四:equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage, advice, information等不可数集合名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数;但army (军队, 士兵) , committee (委员会, 委员) , team (队, 队员) , family;group, government, class, population, audience, public等集合名词作主语时, 如果强调名词的整体概念, 则谓语动词用单数形式;如果表示集体中各个组成部分, 强调个体概念时, 谓语动词用复数形式。

【典例1】The group______made up oftwelve volunteers.At the moment the group______ having a discussion about the environmental protection issue.

A.is;are B.are;is

C.is;is D.are;are

【解析】A。根据句意, 第一个group作为一个整体, 则第一空的谓语动词用单数形式;第二个group强调个体概念, 指组员, 所以第二空的谓语动词用复数形式。

【典例2】According to the report, the population of the country______ by more than 10%in the past three years.

A.has been risen B.has risen

C.rose D.is being risen

【解析】B。population是集合名词, 把它看成一个整体, 所以谓语动词用单数形式。根据句中的时间状语in the past three years, 可知本句用现在完成时。rise在本句中表示“增加”, 是不及物动词, 故用主动语态。

易错点五:在倒装句中, 谓语动词的单复数应与后面的主语保持一致。

【典例】Among all the birthday gifts______ a DIY card, which I like best.

A.include B.including

C.were included D.is included

【解析】D。本句强调介词短语among all the birthday gifts, 主语是名词, 所以用完全倒装。主语是a DIY card, 谓语动词用单数形式;include与主语a DIY card之间构成动宾关系, 故本句应用被动语态。

易错点六:kind/form/type/sort/species/series of+名词作主语时, 谓语动词的形式取决于这些词的单复数, 而不是它们后接名词的形式;主语是a series of, a kind of等+名词结构时, 谓语动词用单数形式;kinds of等+名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。注意:在this kind of+名词之后, 无论这里的名词是单数还是复数, 谓语动词都用单数形式。

【典例1】A series of stimulus policies and supportive measures taken by the government______ to promote change in the economic environment in this area.

A.are expecting B.are expected

C.is expecting D.is expected

【解析】D。a series of+名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式;expect与句子主语a series of stimulus policies and supportive measures之间构成动宾关系, 所以本句应用被动形式。

【典例2】Machines of the new type______ made in Shanghai.

A.is B.are

C.has been D.have been

【解析】B。of the new type是介词短语作后置定语, 句子的主语是machines, 所以谓语动词应用复数形式。此外, 本句陈述一般性事实, 所以用一般现在时。根据句法, 本句应用被动语态。

易错点七:以-ics结尾的学科名词, 如:mathematics;politics;physics;economics以及news等, 形式上为复数, 但它们作主语时, 其谓语动词要用单数形式。

【典例】Mathematics______the language of science

A.are B.are going to be

C.is D.is to be

【解析】C。此处mathematics为学科名词, 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。本句陈述一般性事实, 所以用一般现在时。

易错点八:定语从句中的主谓一致。在定语从句中, 关系代词作主语时, 其谓语动词的单复数应取决于它所指代的先行词;若one of前有the only, the very, the last, the right修饰时, 从句谓语动词用单数。

【典例】Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who______evening dress.

A.wear B.wears

C.has worn D.have worn

【解析】B。the only修饰不定代词one, 所以先行词是one, 而非后面的women;在定语从句中, 从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致, 所以从句谓语动词用单数形式;本句陈述一般性事实, 故本句用一般现在时。

【巩固与提高】

1.Joe along with his several classmates______ playing football on the playground, while the rest______ watching the game.

A.is;are B.is;is

C.are;is D.are;are

2.The driver, ______the passengers, ______responsible for the accident.

A.more than;are B.rather than;is

C.other than;were D.less than;was

3.Many a doctor and many a nurse as well as emergency food supplies______ sent to the flood-stricken area in the last few days.

A.were B.was

C.has been D.have been

4.In fact, not only Jane and I but also Catherine______ having one examination after another.

A.is tired of B.are tired with

C.is tired for D.are tired of

5.The number of people in the world______ about 6 billion and large quantities of waste______ each year

A.total;has been produced

B.totals;is produced

C.totals;are produced

D.total;are being produced

6.Not Jack, but you and I______to blame for the accident.We were so careless.

A.shouldB.is

C.amD.are

7.______an English-Chinese dictionary.

A.The students each have

B.The students each has

C.Each the students has

D.Each of the students have

8.More than one doctor______involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.

A.wereB.was

C.areD.is

9.I think Class Three______to win because Class Three______all basketball lovers.

A.is likely;areB.are likely;are

C.is likely;isD.are likely;is

10.The headmaster made a speech at the meeting and said three years in high school______not long.

A.beB.are

C.isD.been

11.How close parents are to their children______a strong influence on the development of the children's characters.

A.hasB.had

C.havingD.have

12.Is it he or you______in charge of the job and supposed to complete it in time?

A.that isB.whom are

C.who isD.who are

13.Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers______to schools in the earthquake-stricken area

A.were sentB.was sent

C.have sentD.had been sent

14.Entertainment jobs are another category.Included in this category______singers, actors and musicians

A.isB.are

C.hasD.have

15.It's said that______of the students______absent from the meeting.

A.two-fifth;areB.two-fifth;is

C.two-fifths;isD.two-fifths;are

16.It's said that an iron and steel works, with some big stores, ______to be built here quite soon.

A.wereB.was

C.areD.is

17.—Excuse me, sir.______either she or I selected to join the team?

—Sorry, neither she nor you______.

A.Am;areB.Is;are

C.Are;areD.Is;is

18.She is the only one of the______writers who______short stories for children.

A.woman;writesB.woman;write

C.women;writeD.women;writes

19.Each boy and each girl______to help the disabled man

A.wantB.is wanting

C.are wantingD.wants

20.This kind of clothes I bought last weekend______well.It is specially suitable for children.

A.is washedB.are washed

C.washesD.wash

21.Strangely enough, a pair of new trousers______in a pile of rubbish

A.were foundB.was found

C.has found D.have found

22.Forty percent of the land in the village ______been flooded and the majority of the villagers______ moved to safe places.

A.has;has B.have;has

C.has;have D.have;have

23.What happened to me at your house last weekend______ just between you and me.

A.is B.are

C.has been D.have been

24.Much of life today______ the manners of everyday getting along:queuing, answering the phone, keeping promises, remembering birthdays.

A.is B.are

C.was D.were

25.—Have you heard about the school bus accident?

—Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver______.

A.were saved B.was saved

C.have saved D.has been saved

【答案与解析】

1.A。主语后接along with介词短语时, 谓语动词应与其前的主语保持一致, 谓语动词与Joe保持一致, 所以第一空用is;第二个分句的主语是the rest, 指代the rest of his classmates, 因此第二空用are。

2.B。more than意为“超过, 不只是, 不仅仅是”;rather than意为“而不是”;other than意为“除了”;less than意为“少于”。句意:是这个司机而不是乘客应为此次事故负责。主语后接rather than短语时, 谓语动词应与短语前面的主语保持一致, 本句应与the driver保持一致, 故谓语动词用单数形式。

3.C。as well as连接两个名词, 谓语动词用与其前的名词保持一致;当and连接的并列单数主语前分别有many a修饰时, 谓语动词用单数形式。根据句中的时间状语in the last few days, 可知本句用现在完成时。send与主语之间构成动宾关系, 故用现在完成时的被动语态。

4.A。not only...but also连接两个对等的成分作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数要根据就近原则来确定, 因此本句谓语动词与Catherine保持一致, 用单数形式;表示“厌倦……”用betired of

5.C。the number of表示“……的数量”, 作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式;large quantities of后接不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词应与quantities保持一致, 用复数形式。

6.D。由notbut连接的并列主语, 其谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致;所以本句谓语动词应与you and I保持一致, 故谓语动词用复数形式。表示“应负责任”用be to blame。

7.A。each作the students的同位语, 句子的主语是the students, 所以谓语动词用复数形式;而D选项中的主语中心词是each, 谓语动词应用单数形式。

8.B。more than one+可数名词单数作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式;根据从句中的谓语动词took可知, 主句谓语也用一般过去时。

9.A。第一个Class Three是“三班”, 强调整体, 所以谓语动词用单数形式;第二个Class Three强调个体, 指三班的同学们, 故谓语动词应用复数形式。

10.C。从句的主语是three years, 表示时间、距离、温度等单位的名词往往被看作一个整体, 其作主语时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。本句陈述事实, 所以用一般现在时。

11.A。根据句法, 此句是个主语从句, 指代这件事, 所以谓语动词用单数形式;根据句意, 陈述一般性事实, 因此本句用一般现在时。

12.D。本句是个强调句, 强调句型的基本结构是It is (was) +被强调部分+that (who) +句子的剩余部分。本题强调的是句子的主语he or you;谓语动词的单复数应根据强调的主语he or you来确定, 用or连接的并列主语, 谓语动词应与靠近它的主语在数上保持一致, 因此, 根据you确定谓语动词用are。

13.B。主语后接“as well as”短语时, 谓语动词应与其前的主语保持一致。句子的主语some modern teaching equipment为不可数名词, 所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;send与句子主语之间构成动宾关系, 因此本句用一般过去时的被动语态。本句没有表示“过去的过去”, 所以不能用过去完成时, 即不能选择D项。

14.B。根据句法, 这是个倒装句, 句子的主语是singers, actors and musicians, 所以谓语动词用复数形式;include与句子的主语构成动宾关系, 所以此句应用被动语态, 谓语动词用“are included”。

15.D。2/5应表达为two-fifths, 分数/百分数+of+名词作主语时, 谓语动词应与of后接的名词保持一致。此处中心词是students, 所以谓语动词用复数形式。

16.D。works表示“工厂”, 单复数同形, 根据其前的不定冠词an可知, 该主语从句的主语是单数形式, with some big stores是介词短语作后置定语, 故谓语动词用单数形式。又根据句中soon可知, 此句用一般将来时, 所以可用be to do sth.形式。

17.B。eitheror与neithernor连接两个主语, 谓语动词应采用就近原则, 所以第一空应与she保持一致, 所以第一空用第三人称单数形式;第二空应与you保持一致, 第二空用复数形式。

18.D。在one of+复数名词+定语从句中, 如果one前面有the only/very/right等修饰词, 定语从句中的谓语动词应用单数形式。本句陈述事实, 所以用一般现在时。由man和woman构成合成词的复数形式, 两个名词都应用复数形式。

19.D。当and连接的并列单数主语前分别有no, each, every, many a, more than one修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。有时可将第二个every/each/no省略。本句陈述一般性事实, 所以用一般现在时。

20.C。根据句法, 本句的主语是this kind of clothes, 所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;表示主语的性质、特征, 因此本句用主动形式表示被动含义。

21.B。当复数形式的名词trousers前有pair时, 谓语动词要与pair的数保持一致, 所以本题谓语应用第三人称单数形式;find与a pair of new trousers之间构成动宾关系, 因此本句应用被动语态。

22.C。分数/百分数+of+名词作主语时, 谓语动词应与of后的名词保持一致, the land是不可数名词, 所以第一空的谓语动词用单数。the majority of the villagers表示复数意义, 故第二空的谓语动词用复数。

23.A。由what引导的主语从句作主语, 指所发生的事情, 谓语动词用单数形式;另外, 根据句意, 本句陈述一种事实, 所以用一般现在时。

24.B。根据句法, 本句的主语是the manners of everyday getting along:, 主语过长, 为了保持句子平衡, 采用倒装句, 将表语前置, 所以谓语动词用复数形式;由句中today可知, 此句应用一般现在时。

25.A。根据句法, 本句主语all指人, 谓语动词用复数形式;动词save与主语all之间构成动宾关系, 因此本句应用被动语态。

高考主谓一致命题特征分析与突破 篇2

命题方式一：在主语后添加附加成分，如介词短语等构成的状语、定语、定语从句、同位语从句等，增加对主语中心语的判断难度。

此种考查方式是高考对主谓一致考查的最大热点，近年来大部分有关此语法点的高考题都有此特征。

例1： The father as well as his three children_____ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. （2006辽宁）

A. is goingB. go

C. goesD. are going

解析：答案为C。从语法讲解的角度来看，主语The father是单数概念，尽管后面跟有as well as his three children，谓语动词仍要用单数形式。every Sunday afternoon in winter暗示该空表示经常性、习惯性动作，因此应用一般现在时。从命题方式的角度看，此题学生易弄混淆主语为his three children而出错，在主语后添加his three children容易误导学生对主语的判断。主语后接“with ...”等构成的修饰成分时, 谓语仍须与这类短语前的“主语”一致。可构成这类短语的常用词有with， along with， together with， as well as， but， besides， except， added to， including， like， no less than， rather than， more than等。

例2： The country life he was used to_____greatly since 1992. （2005山东）

A. changeB. has changed

C. changingD. have changed

解析：答案为B。主语The country是单数概念，谓语要用单数形式。此题在主语后添加了一个定语从句，就容易使学生误认为谓语动词为was used to，从而导致选C项，其实去掉定语从句he was used to，句子就很简单，也易得出答案。

例3： As you can see, the number of cars on our roads_____ rising these days. (2006全国卷Ⅱ)

A. was keepingB. keep

C. keepsD. were keeping

解析：答案为C。 the number of cars表示“小汽车的数目”，做主语时动词用单数形式，these days暗示该空表示现阶段的动作，因此应填keeps。对此题许多学生不清楚主语的中心语为the number而非cars，从而误选了答案。

解题方法总结：解答此类题目时，一定要先去掉这些附加成份，留下主语的主体。因为附加成分不是真正的主语，而是起着限定、说明、补充的作用，然后依据主语确定谓语的单复数形式。（注意上面例题及下面高考大练兵题目中的黑体部分的内容皆为真正的主语）

【高考大练兵】

1. Professor Smith, along with his assistants, ____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. （2005上海）

A. workB. working

C. is workingD. are working

2. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,_____ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. （2004北京）

A. wasB. were

C. had beenD. would be

3. No one in the department but Tom and I_____that the director is going to resign.(2004上海春)

A. knowsB. know

C. have knownD. an to know

4. E-mail, as well as telephones,_____ an important part in daily communication.(1999上海卷)

A. is playingB. have played

C. are playingD. play

5. All the employees except the manger_____to work online at home. (2004广东卷)

A. encouragesB. encourage

C. is encouragedD. are encouraged

6. A library with five thousand books_____to the nation as a gift. (NMET 90)

A. is offeredB. has offered

C. are offeredD. have offered

7. Nowadays, a large number of women,especially those from the countryside,_____ in the clothing industry. （2005辽宁）

A. is workingB. works

C. workD. worked

8. The number of people invited_____ fifty, but a number of them_____ absent for different reasons. (1996全国卷)

A. were; wasB. was; was

C. was; wereD. are; are

9. The construction of the two new railway lines_____ by now.(2006 陕西)

A. has been completed

B. have been completed

C. has completed

D. have completed

命题方式二：以整体与部分关系的形式呈现主语，增加主谓一致关联主体的判断难度。

例4： Most of what has been said about the Smiths_____ also true of the Johnsons. (2006 安徽)

A. areB. is

C. beingD. to be

解析：答案是B。句意：对于史密斯夫妇的评价的大多数也适用于Johnsons夫妇。what引导名词性从句做主语时，往往看作是一个整体, 谓语动词用单数形式。如：What you said is right. 句中部分为most，整体为what引导的一个名词性从句，此时依据语法规则，主谓一致应与从句保持一致。用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常与of后面的名词 / 代词保持一致。

例5： The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third_____ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.（2006浙江）

A. isB. are

C. wasD. were

解析：答案是D。one-third指one-third of the notebook computers，为复数概念，谓语也应用复数形式。其中of表示整体与部分的关系，此时主谓一致应与整体computers保持一致。此题以省略的形式出现，易让学生误解并选错答案。

解题方法总结：在解答此类题时应找到句子主语哪一部分为整体，哪一部分为部分，而不能不加分析地被部分牵着鼻子走，将主谓一致与部分内容保持一致从而错选答案。（注意体会例题及高考大练兵题目中的黑体部分皆为句子整体与部分关系中的整体，主谓一致应与整体保持一致）

【高考大练兵】

10._____ of the land in that district_____covered with trees and grass. (2000 上海)

A. Two fifth; isB. Two fifth; are

C. Two fifths; isD. Two fifths; are

11. As a result of destroying the forests, a large_____ of desert_____ covered the land. (2001 上海)

A. number; hasB. quantity; has

C. number; haveD. quantity; have

12. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth_____ each year. (2005 山东)

A. is washing away

B. is being washed away

C. are washing away

D. are being washed away

命题方式三：以and, or, either ... or ... , neither ... nor ... , not only ... but also ...等的形式连结两个并列主语，让学生不知谓语应与哪个主语保持一致，或不知道主语是看作一件事的单数概念，还是两件事件的复数概念。

例6： When and where to go for the on-salary holiday_____ yet.(2003 上海春)

A. are not decided

B. have not been decided

C. is not being decided

D. has not been decided

解析：答案为D。尽管题中and并列when与where，但其后共有一个不定式，此时主语应看作一件事，即为单数概念。

用and连接的两个名词通常视为复数概念，但是下列情况比较特殊：用and连接的两个名词前都有冠词或其它修饰语时在数量上视为复数，如a worker and an engineer（一位工人和一位工程师）， a peasant and a writer（一位农民和一位作家）， the party secretary and the manager（党支部书记和经理）， the twelfth and the last lesson（第12课和最后一课）， my classmate and my friend（我的同学和另一位朋友）；用and连接的两个名词只在第一个名词前有冠词或修饰语时视为同一人或物，如a worker and engineer（一位工人兼工程师），a peasant and writer（一位农民作家），the party secretary and manager（党支部书记兼经理），the twelfth and last lesson（第12课即最后一课）,my classmate and friend（我的同学兼朋友）；用and连接的两个名词被看成整体做主语时动词用单数，如bread and butter（涂黄油的面包），a coat and tie（一件带领带的上衣），a needle and thread（一副针线），truth and honesty（真诚）；用and连接的两个名词前都有every, each, many a和no修饰时，做主语动词用单数。

解题方法总结：应熟记either ... or ... , neither ... nor ...连结并列主语时应采用就近一致的原则；而以and连结的主语的主谓一致的判断应分析主语是单数还是复数的概念。

【高考大练兵】

13. Either you or the headmaster_____ the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.(1994全国卷)

A. is handing outB. are to hand out

C. are handing outD. is to hand out

14. A poet and artist_____ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.（2006江苏）

A. isB. are

C. wasD. were

15. Early to go to bed and early to rise_____a good habit.

A. areB. isC. wasD. were

16. The water and the food_____.

A. was run outB. were run out

C. was running outD. are running out

17. Every man and every woman_____ good reason to be proud of the work done by their parents.

A. hasB. have

C. is havingD. are having

18. All work and no play_____ Jack a dull boy.

A. is makingB. are making

C. makeD. makes

19. No teacher and no student_____ been admitted into the club.

A. haveB. hasC. isD. are

命题方式四：以主语单复数形式与概念不一致的情况为命题切入点，增加主语单复数概念的判断难度。

例7： Every possible means_____ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.(2000上海卷)

A. is usedB. are used

C. has been usedD. have been used

解析：答案为C。means是一个单复数同形的名词，它究竟是单数还是复数应依据语境来确定。题中every常用于修饰单数名词，因此其中的means为单数概念。

解题方法总结：应熟记一些特殊的单复数形式与概念不一致的情况，并依据语境作分析判断。请注意如下情况:

Many a fine man has died for it.许多优秀战士为此献出了生命。

Mathematics seems easy to me.我似乎觉得数学不难。

This works was（These works were） built two years ago.这（几）家工厂是两年前修建的。

The English speak English.英国人讲英语。

No news is good news.

Every means has（All means have） been tried. 各种办法都试过了。

这类名词通常还有fish，deer，sheep，plastics，manners（礼貌）等。（但news是不可数名词，通常只作单数用。）

主谓一致对比练习 篇3

1. a. This kind of apples ____ (sell) well.

b. Apples of this kind ____ (sell) well.

2. a. Many students ____ (be) to the Great Wall.

b. Many a student ____ (be) to the Great Wall.

3. a. Each of the students ____ (have) an English-Chinese dictionary.

b. The students each ____ (have) an English-Chinese dictionary.

4. a. His family ____ (be) a happy one.

b. His family ____ (be) all music lovers.

5. a. All ____ (like) watching TV.

b. All ____ (be) going on well.

6. a. More than one student ____ (go) to the park.

b. More students than one ____ (go) to the park.

7. a. A number of students in our class ____ (be) girls.

b. The number of the students in our class ____ (be) 45.

8. a. An elephant and a monkey ____ (be) animals.

b. The poet and writer ____ already ____ (come).

c. Bread and milk ____ (be) healthful food.

d. Each boy and each girl ____ (invite) to the party.

9. a. The old in our village ____ (be) in good health.

b. There are two men in the room; the old ____ (be) the boy’s father.

10. a. My trousers ____ (steal).

b. A pair of trousers ____ (be) what I need now.

11. a. Mr White ____ (be) to Wuhan.

b. The Whites ____ (be) to Wuhan.

12. a. Mathematics ____ (be) a science.

b. His mathematics ____ (be) very weak.

13. a. Such ____ (be) the facts.

b. Such ____ (be) the situation.

14. a. Half of the apples ____ (leave) on the table.

b. Half of the apple ____ (leave) on the table.

15. a. What we need here ____ (be) an engineer.

b. What we need here ____ (be) two engineers.

16. a. The English ____ (like) to be with their family at Christmas.

b. English ____ (speak) in many countries.

17. a. I ____ (be) the ninth person.

b. “I” ____ (be) the ninth letter of the English Alphabet.

18. a. The population in China ____ (be) very large.

b. 80% of the population in China ____ (be) peasants.

19. a. Not they but I ____ (be) going to Shanghai tomorrow.

b. They but me ____ (be) going to Shanghai tomorrow.

20. a. This is one of the best books that ____ (appear).

b. He was the only one of the students who ____ (praise) at the class

meeting.

21. a. Three-fifths of the surface of the earth ____ (be) sea.

b. Three-fifths of the students in our class ____ (be) League members.

22. a. I as well as they ____ (be) ready to help you.

b. Five people, including a woman, ____ (have) decided to climb the

mountain.

23. a. He or his brothers ____ (be) to blame.

b. Neither he nor you ____ (be) right.

c. Not only the students but also their teacher ____ (like) the film.

d. ____ (be) either you or she wrong?

24. a. There ____ (be) a policeman at the corner of the street.

b. The police ____ (be) searching the village for the prisoner.

25. a. Sixty miles ____ (be) not a long distance.

b. Ten thousand dollars ____ (be) what he needs most now.

c. One hundred years ____ (be) not a long time in human history.

d. Over 50 years ____ (pass) since the founding of the People’s

Republic of China.

26. a. Every means ____ (be) used to prevent the water from being polluted.

b. Such means ____ (be) necessary for us to finish the work on time.

27. a. A large quantity of money ____ (have) in this way.

b. Large quantities of money ____ (have) in this way.

28. a. Mary and Alice’s desk ____ (be) over there.

b. Where ____ (be) Mary’s and Alice’s desks?

主谓一致考点小结 篇4

一、由there或here引起的句子,谓语动词和后面的真实主语保持一致。如果主语是两个或更多个名词组成的短语,谓语动词通常和第一个名词保持一致。如:

There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

There are two rulers and a knife in the pencil-box. 铅笔盒里有两把尺子和一把小刀。

考例:——There ____ a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some?

——Just a little, please. (08年北京市)

A. isB. areC. amD. be

解析:选A。此题的真实主语meat是不可数名词,所以应填动词is。

二、由and或both…and…连接的并列名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:

Tom and Mike are good friends. 汤姆和迈克是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are students. 露西和莉莉都是学生。

考例:Both Jim and Kate ____ in Beijing now. They both ____ from America. (08年汕头市)

A. is; comeB. are; comeC. is; comesD. are; comes

解析:选B。由both…and…连接的两个名词作主语,谓语动词应用复数形式。

三、“a number of+复数名词或代词”作主语,表示“许多……”,“一些……”之意时,谓语动词一般用复数;“the number of+复数名词或代词”作主语,表示“……的数目”,“……的数量”时,谓语动词一般用单数。如:

A number of students are playing basketball on the playground.

许多学生正在操场上打篮球。

The number of the students in our school is more than two thousand.

我们学校的学生人数超过两千。

考例:The number of ____ in our class ____ fifty. (08年烟台市)

A. student; isB. the students; areC. the students; isD. students; are

解析:选C。the number of(……的数量)后接复数名词,但谓语动词应用单数。

四、当动名词、不定式或从句作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。如:

To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

考例:Swimming in the pool with friends ____ very interesting. (08年攀枝花市)

A. hasB. haveC. isD. are

解析:选C。动名词短语Swimming in the pool with friends 作句子的主语,be动词与形容词interesting一起构成系表结构。

五、由either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…,or连接两个名词或代词作并列主语时,谓语动词要和最靠近的主语一致。如:

Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Beijing before. 你和李华以前都没去过北京。

考例:Either Mary or he ____ going to Paris. Only one person may go there. (08年黑龙江省)

A. areB. isC. was

解析:选B。be动词就应与he在人称和数上保持一致。此外,从Only one person may go there.可知,前句应用一般将来时,而非过去将来时。

六、主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, like, but, except, besides, including, rather than, as well as等引导的短语时,谓语动词通常和这些短语前面的名词或代词保持一致。如:

Tom with his parents goes to the park every day. 汤姆和他父母每天都一起去公园。

考例:Mr. Green with his wife ____ sitting there when I came in. (08年宁夏自治区)

A. isB. wasC. areD. were

解析:选B。此句的主语是Mr. Green,所以谓语动词应用单数形式。从时间状语when I came in可推断,主句应用过去进行时。

七、“one of+复数名词”意为“……之一”,作主语时谓语动词应用单数形式。如:

One of the most interesting subjects is English. 最有趣的科目之一是英语。

考例:One of my friends ____ already moved to London.(08年南宁市)

A. doB. does C. haveD. has

解析:选D。“one of+复数名词”作主语,谓语应用单数形式,且搬到伦敦是过去已经发生的事,应用现在完成时。

八、主谓一致与同位语无关。当主语后带有同位语时,谓语动词应与主语保持一致。如:

Our English teacher, Mrs Zhang, is strict with us. 我们的英语老师张老师对我们要求严格。

考例:The important sports festival, the Olympic Games, ____ held every ____ years.

(08年乌鲁木齐市)

A. is; fiveB. are; three C. is; fourD. are; two

解析:选C。此句的the Olympic Games是同位语,真正的主语是the important sports festival,所以谓语动词应用单数形式,又因为奥运会是每四年举行一次,所以应用every four years。

九、表示时间、距离、重量、金钱等名词短语作主语,表示整体概念时,其谓语动词用单数形式。如:

Two months is quite a long time. 两个月是相当长的一段时间。

考例:——Do you need more time to finish the work?

——Yes, another ten days ____ enough. (07年辽宁省)

A. are B. is C. wereD. was

解析:选B。此题中的“another ten days”“再有十天”为表时间的短语,应看作一个整体,所以谓语动词用单数形式。根据上下句可知该句应为一般现在时。

【巩固练习】

1. Dad, the phone is ringing. I guess either you or Mum ____ on the phone.

A. wantB. are wantedC. wantsD. is wanted

2. My mother ____ noodles, but my father ____.

A. likes; doesn’tB. don’t like; doC. likes; didn’tD. didn’t like; do

3. The teacher and writer ____ to give us two talks on environment tomorrow.

A. is comingB. are comingC. has comeD. have come

4. ——How many teachers are there in your school?

——About 200. One third of them ____ men teachers.

A. haveB. hasC. areD. is

5. ——How much ____ the shoes?

——Five dollars ____ enough.

A. is; isB. are; is C. are; areD. is; are

6. There ____ a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow morning.

A. hasB. is going to beC. will have D. has been

7. None of the shops in the downtown ____ before 8 p.m.

A. are going to be closedB. will be closingC. is closingD. are being closed

8. The poor ____ to be helped.

A. amB. wasC. areD. is

9. What you said ____ wrong.

A. isB. areC. amD. be