初中形容词用法总结

2024-05-11

初中形容词用法总结(精选12篇)

篇1:初中形容词用法总结

例句:

Tie it with fabric bows that coordinate with other furnishings.

扎上和其他的饰品相配的布制蝴蝶结。

I came here with the express purpose of speaking with the manager.

我特意来这里与经理面谈。

Scenes of city life were intercut with interviews with local people.

城市生活的.镜头与访问当地人的画面相互交切。

篇2:初中形容词用法总结

其否定式为not as/so+adj./adv.+as。例如:

This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。

若有修饰成分,如twice,three times,half,a quarter等,则须置于第一个as之前。例如:

Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的袋子比我的贵一倍。

2、as引导时间状语从句

此时,as译作“当……时候”,可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后。例如:

He smiled as he said goodbye to me.

他向我道别时微笑了一下。

As she was walking in the park,she heard a girl singing.

她在公园里散步时,听到一位女孩在唱歌。

I sang an English song as I went along the river.

我边沿河边走边唱英文歌。

3.as用作连词引导原因状语从句

as,because,since都可以表示因果关系,连接原因状语从句,含义是“因为,由于”,但它们有区别:because表示的语气最强;as一般放在句首,语气较弱,较口语化;since常常用在书面语中,表示多为对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因,有时可译作“既然”。例如:

(1)He will succeed because he is in earnest.他一定会成功,因为他很认真。

(2)Since you are so sure of it he”ll believe you.既然你对此如此有把握,他会相信你的。

(3)As rain has fallen,the air is cooler.因为下过雨,空气比较清爽。

4、as引导让步状语从句

此时,as译作“尽管”。当as引导让步状语从句时,不把as放在从句的开头,而是将充当从句主要成分的形容词、副词、分词、动词原形或不加冠词的单数可数名词置于前面。

(1)将表语放在句首,再将as放在表语和主语之间。例如:

Child as he is,he knows quite a lot of things.

虽然他还是个孩子,但他懂得很多事情。

(2)将状语放在句首,再将as放在状语(副词)和主语之间。例如:

Much as she likes,she will not take it.

尽管非常喜欢它,但她也不会拿走的。

(3)将主动词放在句首,再将as放在主动词和主语之间。例如:

Try as he did,he didn’t succeed.

尽管他努力了,但还是没有成功。

二、as作介词的用法

as作介词,意思是“作为”,“以……身份”。例如:

He came to China as a tourist five years ago.他五年前以游客的身份来过中国。

三、as作副词的用法

to the same degree or amount;equally“相同地”,“同样地”。例如:

They don”t have as many airplanes.他们没有同样多的飞机。

四、as作关系代词的.用法

as引导英语从句时,在从句中充当主语、宾语、介词宾语或表语,既可以指人,也可以指物。

1.as单独引导定语从句

as单独引导定语从句时,先行词可以是一个词,也可以是一个句子或短语。例如:

(1)She is late,as is often the case.她迟到了,这是经常的事。(先行词是整个主句)

(2)To shut your eyes to facts,as many of you do,is foolish.对事实视而不见--你们好多人都是如此的愚蠢。(先行词是不定式短语)

2.as引导定语从句与其他词连用

①用于the same...as结构中

This is the same book as I read last week.这本书和我上周读的那本是一样的。

②用于such...as结构中

I don”t like such books as he recommends.我不喜欢他推荐的那些书。

③用于“so+adj.+a/an+n.(单数)+as”结构中

篇3:形容词比较级的特殊用法

1) 比较等级的基本用法

基本句型:A+形容词比较级+than+B。例如:

She is older than her brother.她比她的弟弟年龄大。

He is taller than me/I.. 他比我高。

2) 比较等级的特殊用法

(1) 表示倍数

句型:表示“比……大 (多, 长……) 几倍”。例如:

Our classroom is three times bigger than yours.

(2) 表示大几岁, 高几米, 宽几倍…

句型:表示数量的词+形容词比较等级。例如:

My mother is four years older than his mother.

(3) 表示比其他的任何……都……

句型:比较级+than any other+单数名词.此句型是用比较级表达最高级的意思。例如:

She is thinner than any other student in our class=She is the thinnest in our class. (她在我们班比其他任何一个学生都瘦=她在我们班是最瘦的。)

(4) 表示越来越……

句型:比较级+and+比较级。例如:

It gets colder and colder. (天气变得越来越冷了。)

(5) 表示“越……就越……”

句型:the+比较级, the+比较级。例如:

The harder you work, the happier you feel. (你工作越努力, 你就越感到开心。)

(6) 表示“两个中比较……的”

句型:the+比较级+of the two.例如:

Jane is the better of the two. (简是这两个人中比较好的。)

(7) 表示“比较A和B, 哪一个较……”

句型:Which is +比较级, A or B例如:

Which one is more beautiful , the blue one or the red one (哪一个更漂亮, 蓝色的还是红色的)

Who is fatter, he or his brother (他和他的弟弟, 哪一个较胖) 如果是人和人相比较是, 可以用who代替which。

注意:可以用much, even, far a lot, still, a little……来修饰形容词比较级, 以加强语气。例如:

My book is much more than yours. (我的书比你的书多。)

在表示“越来越……”的句型:比较级+and+比较级中, 如果是多音节词, 句型应该是more and more +形容词原级。例如:

English is more and more interesting. (英语变得越来越有趣了。)

练习题:

1. Our department is three times than yours.

A. big; B. bigger;

C. biggest; D. the biggest.

2. Tokyo is larger than in India.

A. any other city; B. any city;

C. another city; D. other city.

3. Things are on the moon on the earth.

A. much lighter; than; B. much heavier; than;

C. as heavy; as; D. not so light; as.

4. Which book is , the red one, the yellow one or the blue one

A. beautiful; B. beautifully;

C. more beautiful; D. the most beautiful.

5. Wang Lin ran faster than the other boys in the sports meeting.

A. so; B. too; C. very; D. much.

6. Who runs in your class

A.fast; B. faster; C. the fastest; D. more fast.

7. —I don't want to learn French. It's difficult.

—But Japanese is than French.

A. difficult; B. more difficult; C. most difficult; D. much difficult.

8. Of all these subjects, I like Chinese .

A. more; B. better; C. well; D. best.

9. The you make, the you are.

A. progress happy; B. more progress happier;

C. more and progress happier; D. most progress happy.

10. My book is than yours.

A. much heavy; B. more heavier;

C. much heavier; D. more much heavier.

参考答案:

篇4:浅谈初中阶段形容词的常见用法

一、形容词的用法

(1)作定语。一般放在所修饰词的前面。但形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,形容词要后置。

例:There is something wrong with my computer.

(2)作表语。放在be动词或系动词的后面。常见的系动词有:keep, turn, get, become, feel, sound, look, smell, taste, seem。例His advice is valuable.

(3)做宾语补足语。动词+宾语+形容词,常见的词有:keep, make, find, feel, think。

例:You should keep our classroom clean and tidy.

(4)the + 形容词。表示一类人,做主语时为复数。这些形容词包括: rich/ poor, old/young, deaf/ blind。例:The rich always look down upon the poor.

(5)多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:

限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)——描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,长幼,颜色)——出处——材料性质——类别——名词

例: Audrey spent the last few years working closely with UNICEF.

(6)只能作表语的形容词:afraid;alone;asleep;awake;alive...

例:The old man is still alive.

(7)只能作定语的形容词:little小的, only唯一的,elder年长的。而由连字符连接起来的复合形容词也只能作定语。

例:①an eight-year-old boy ;②My elder brother is studying abroad.

(8)形容词副词同形的词:hard, high, early, late, fast, pretty

例:①The kite flies high.(形容词);②The kite is high(副词)

二、形容词的比较级,最高级

(1)形容词的原级比较 as+原级+as…和…一样… 其否定形式为not as(so)… as… 例:Tom is as old as Kate.

(2)倍数的表示:数字 + times + as… as例:His box is three times as big as mine.

(3)表示两者间的比较,形容词比较级+ than 例:My elder brother is taller than me.

(4)比较级的几个特殊用法:

①越来越… 比较级+ and + 比较级 或 more and more + 多音节形容词

例:a.He is becoming stronger and stronger. b.She is more and more beautiful.

②越…越… the + 比较级… , the + 比较级…

例:a.The harder you study, the better your English will be.

b.The more you read, you more you will get.

③ 两者之间的比较。the + 比较级 + of …例He is the taller of the two.

④逻辑问题的比较。

a.比较级 + than any other + 名词单数(包含在范围内) 例如:The boy is taller than any other student in the class.(此处男孩包含在班级内)= The boy is taller than the other students in the class.

b.比较级 + any + 名词单数 (不包含在范围内) 例如:Shanghai is lager than any city in Japan.(此处指上海不包含在日本内)

⑤可用于修饰比较级的词: much,many, a lot , even, still, far, any,…

篇5:educate的形容词用法

education用法:

1、education主要指在学校里所受的正规的`“教育”。用于技能方面时,可表示“培养,训练”,着重于经过教导、学习所得到的知识与能力。有时还可表示“教养,修养”。

2、一般用作不可数名词。但表示一段或一种“教育”时,其前可加不定冠词; 在有形容词修饰时,则一定要加不定冠词。

例句:

Education develops potential abilities.

篇6:fool的形容词用法

1. 用作名词,表示“傻子”,通常为可数名词。如:

I do feel a fool. 我的确觉得自己是个傻子。

但是,在be fool enough to do sth结构中,fool具有形容词的性质,不可数,其前不用冠词。如:

I was fool enough to believe him. 我竟然相信他,真够傻的.。

He was fool enough to tell them everything. 他真傻,把一切事情都告诉他们了。

2.用作动词,表示“愚弄”“欺骗”,总是及物的。如:

She fooled that man. 她骗了那个人。

要表示“欺骗某人做某事”,可用fool sb into doing sth,习惯上不说fool sb to do sth。如:

篇7:形容词比较级的用法

一、何时使用比较级:

1. quite, very, too后以及as...as之间接形容词的原级。

The dictionary is quite useful. 这本词典相当有用。

He is a very kind teacher. 他是一位很善良的老师。

John is as bright as Bob. 约翰和鲍勃一样的聪明伶俐。

This parcel is not as heavy as that one. 这个包裹没有那个包裹重。

2. 当形容词后有than, 或形容词前有much, a lot; any;a bit, a little;still, even等程度状语时,形容词要用比较级。如:

Two heads are better than one. 两人智慧胜一人。

The sun is bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大得多。

The report said the weather would be even worse in the future days. 天气预报报道,将来的几天天气会更糟糕。

二、使用比较级时,应注意:

1. 比较的双方应同类、对等。

误:His computer is newer than me.

正:His computer is newer than mine.

析:比较对象不一致:一个指人,一个指物。故将me改为mine (my computer)。

2. 比较范围要清楚。

在同一范围内作比较时,进行比较的双方应互不包含,否则就出现了自我比较的错误。为避免错误的出现,应在句中加上other或else。不同范围内的比较则不加这两个词。

误:He is taller than any student in his class.

正:He is taller than any other student in his class.

正:He is taller than anyone else in his class.

析:any student in his class 包括主语He在内,出现了自我比较的错误,故加other或else将He从比较对象中排除掉。

3. 避免重复比较,即more +形容词比较级。

误:This car is more brighter than that one.

正:This car is brighter than that one.

4. the +比较级后用of the two的比较范围。

篇8:形容词比较等级的一些特殊用法

A.as+原级+as表示“……和……相同”

B.比较级+than表示“……比……较为……”

C.the+最高级+of/in表示“在……中最为……”

一、原级的基本用法

1.形容词原级的肯定句形式及其用法

句型:A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as+B.

e.g.You are as good as Tom.你和Tom一样好。

2.形容词原级的否定句形式及其用法

句型:A+be动词+not+as+形容词原级+as+B.

=A+be动词+not+so+形容词原级+as+B.

e.g.She isn’t as (so) active in sports as before.她在体育方面没有以前积极了。

3.形容词原级的疑问句形式及其用法

句型:be动词+A+as+形容词原级+as+B.

e.g.Is there as many books in this room as in that one?这个房间里的书和那个房间里的一样多吗?

二、原级的其他用法

1.表示“是……的几倍”

句型:A+be动词+数词+times+as+形容词原级+as+B.

e.g.This room is ten times as big as that one.这个房间是那个的十倍大。

注意:此处“数词+times”不包括“一倍”和“两倍”, 因为两者都有自己表达倍数的词, 前者是once, 后者是twice, “三倍”开始才是three times。

2.表示“……的一半……”

句型:A+be动词+half+as+形容词原级+as+B.

e.g.My handwriting is not half as good as yours.我的书写还不及你的一半好。

3.表示“尽可能……”

句型:A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as possible.

e.g.He will be as kind as possible.他会尽可能和善。

三、需注意的比较级用法

1.表示倍数, “比……大 (长, 多……) 几倍”

句型:A+be动词+数词+times+形容词比较级+than+B.

e.g.Our room is twice bigger than theirs.我们的房间比他们的大两倍。

2.在形容词的比较级前还可以用much, a lot, far, even, still, a little, no, any等表示程度的词来修饰。意思是“……得多”, “甚至……”, “更……一些”, 以加强语气。

e.g.He is even stronger than before.他比以前甚至更强壮了。

3.表示“越来越……”

结构:比较级+and+比较级

e.g.China is getting more and more beautiful.中国正在变得越来越美。

4.表示“越……就越……”

结构:the+比较级……, the+比较级……

e.g.The sooner, the better.越快越好。

5.表示“比其他的任何……都……”

结构:比较级+than any other+单数名词

e.g.He is better than any other student in the class.他比班上其他学生都好。

6.表示“大几岁”, “高几厘米”等

结构:表示数量的词+形容词比较级

e.g.I am 2 years older than you.我比你大两岁。

7.表示“两个中比较……的”

结构:the+比较级+of the two

e.g.The desk is cheaper of the two.这张桌子在这两张中是比较便宜的。

四、需注意的最高级用法

1.表示“是最……之一”

结构:one of the+形容词最高级

e.g.One of the most important language is English.英语是最重要的语言之一。

2.表示“……中最为……的”, 用于三个以上的事物或人的比较当中。

结构:the+形容词最高级+of+比较的范围

e.g.This is the biggest of the three oranges.这是三个橘子中最大的。

3.可以用原级、比较级来表达最高级

e.g.No other student in her class is as good as she.在她的班上没有学生和她一样好。 (原级)

She is better than any other student in her class.她比班上任何学生都好。 (比较级)

篇9:解读形容词的用法

1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot热的。

2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。

(错)He is an ill man.

(对)The man is ill.

(错)She is an afraid girl.

(对)The girl is afraid.

这类词还有:well, unwell, ill, faint, afraid, alike, alive, alone,asleep, awake等。

3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时,要放在这些词之后。例如:something nice

以-ly词尾的形容词

1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly, deadly, lovely, lonely,likely, lively, ugly, brotherly仍为形容词。

改错:

(错)She sang lovely.

(错)He spoke to me very friendly.

(对)Her singing was lovely.

(对)He spoke to me in a very friendly way.

2)有些以-ly结尾既为形容词,也为副词。

如:daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early

The Times is a daily paper.

The Times is published daily.

用形容词表示类别和整体

1)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。如:the dead, the living, the rich, the poor, the blind, the hungry

The poor are losing hope.

2)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用。

如:the British, the English, the French, the Chinese

The English have wonderful sense of humor.

多个形容词修饰名词的顺序

多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:

限定词—数词—描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) —出处—材料性质/类别—名词。

a small round table

a tall gray building

a dirty old brown shirt

a famous German medical school

an expensive Japanese sports car

典型例题:

1)Tony is going camping with ____ boys.

A. little two otherB. two little other

C. two other littleD. little other two

答案:C。由“限定词—数词—描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色)—性质—名词”的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序,只有C符合答案。

2)One day they crossed the ____ bridge behind the palace.

A. old Chinese stoneB. Chinese old stone

C. old stone ChineseD. Chinese stone old

答案:A。几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。

3)——How was your recent visit to Qingdao?

——It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the ____

days at the seaside.

A. few last sunnyB. last few sunny

C. last sunny fewD. few sunny last

答案:B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的放在后,在不能确定时,可参照下表:

限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+形状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形容词。

those+three+beautiful+large+square

新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词

old+brown+wood+table

【实地演练】

选择填空。

1. The population of China is ____ than ____ of any other country in the world.

A. more, the moreB. more, that

C. larger, the oneD. larger, that

2. Of the two Australian students, Jenny is ____ one. I think you can find her.

A. tallerB. the tallerC. tallestD. the tallest

3. This park is less ____ than that one.

A. beautifulB. beautifuler

C. more beautifulD. most beautiful

4. My ____ sister who works in the bank is two years ____ than I.

A. younger, olderB. older, elderC. elder, elderD. elder, older

5. Liu Xiang is one of ____ players in the world.

A. goodB. betterC. bestD. the best

6. He has ____ money in the team.

A. littlerB. the littlestC. the leastD. less

7. English is her daughter’s ____ subject of all.

A. favouriteB. most favourite

C. the most favouriteD. more favourite

8. Do you know which is ____ river in the world?

A. the two longB. the two longest

C. the second longD. the second longest

9. Our school is becoming ____.

A. more beautiful and beautiful

B. more and more beautiful

C. more beautiful and more beautiful

D. beautiful and beautiful

10. ——Is maths ____ than physics?

——No, maths isn’t so ____ as physics.

A. more difficult, difficultB. more difficult, easier

C. difficult, more difficultD. easier, more difficult

11. Here is a ____ mouse. Was it killed by your cat?

A. dieB. diedC. deathD. dead

12. We should keep our eyes ____ while doing eye exercises.

A. closeB. closedC. openD. opened

13. The meat smells ____. You’d better throw it away.

A. badlyB. badC. goodD. well

14. The price of this skirt is too ____.

A. cheapB. expensiveC. dearD. high

15. It’s ____ to teach a man fishing than to give him a fish.

A. bestB. moreC. goodD. better

16. Look at the big tree. It is ____ than that one.

A. taller four timesB. four times tall

C. four times tallerD. four taller

17. Bird flu is one of ____ diseases in the world.

A. terribleB. more terrible

C. terriblestD. the most terrible

18. This river is about 5 feet ____.

A. deepB. widelyC. depthD. length

19. ——Tom is six and he is ____ his sister Jane. How old is Jane?

——Three.

A. as old asB. two years older than

C. three years younger thanD. twice as old as

20. Betty is taller than any ____ boy student in his class.

A. eachB. otherC. anotherD. one

Key(2)

篇10:friend的形容词及用法

friendly是以-ly结尾的形容词,不是副词,在句中不能修饰动词作状语,只能用作定语或表语。用作表语时,可与介词to或with连用。

friendly前可用very, quite等词修饰。

篇11:初中形容词用法总结

(1)物主形容词:

数 人称 单数 复数 译文

阳性 阴性 阳性 阴性

单数 第一人称 mio mia miei mie 我的 第二人称 tuo tua tuoi tue 你的 第三人称 suo sua suoi sue 他(她)的

复数 第一人称 nostro nostra nostri nostre 我们的 第二人称 vostro vostra vostri vostre 你们的 第三人称 loro loro loro loro 他(她)们的

常用的物主形容词还有proprio(自已的),altrui(别人的)

物主形容词用法主要特点:

(a)物主形容词一般要放在其限定的名词前,绝大多数情况下,前边还要用上冠词,如il mio libro(我的书),la tua porta(你的门).(b)亲属词前如有物主形容词,大多数情况下不用冠词,如:

mio fratello(我的哥哥,我的弟弟),sua sorella(他(她)姐姐,他(她)妹妹)

(2)指示形容词

questo和quello是两个常用的指示词,有性数变化.指示词前不用冠词

性 单数 复数 译文

指示词 范例 指示词 范例

阳性 questo questo libro questi questi libri 这本(些)书

quello quel quel libro quei quei libri 那本(些)书

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quello quello studio quegli quegli studi 那个(些)学科

quell’ quell’ anno quegli quegli anni 那(些)年

阴性 questa questa penna queste queste penne 这支(些)笔

quella quella penna quelle quelle penne 那支(些)笔

(3)不定形容词:与名词相连,表示不定数量或不定质量.常用不定形容词:

单数 复数 译文

阳性 阴性 阳性 阴性

ogni ogni------每一个

nessuno nessuna------任何...也不

qualche qualche------几个

alcuno alcuna alcuni alcune 若干

certo certa certi certe 某个,某些

tale tale tali tali 某个,某些

poco poca pochi poche 少量的

parecchio parecchia parecchi parecchie 相当多的 molto molta molti molte 很多的 tanto tanta tanti tante 很多的 troppo troppa troppi troppe 太多的

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altrettanto altrettanta altrettanti altrettante 同样多的 tutto tutta tutti tutte 全部的 altro altra altri altre 另外的

diverso diversa diversi diverse 很多的,不同的 vario varia vari varie 很多的,不同的

注意:qualche虽为复数意义,但修饰单数名词,如:qualche giorno(一些天)

(4)疑问形容词

单数 复数 译文

阳性 阴性 阳性 阴性

che che che che 哪,哪种,哪些

quale quale quali quali 哪,哪个,哪些

quanto quanta quanti quante 多少,几,几个

che和quale都可以用来提问“哪个(些)”,但泛问时常用quale,如:quale libro vuoi(你要哪本书);

当询问哪种类型时常用che来提问,如:

che libro vuoi(你要哪种书)

另外,询问日期时间常用che,如:

che ora é(几上了)

che giorno é oggi(今天星期几)

in che anno sei nato(人是哪年出生的)

篇12:初中介词英语用法总结

1. in 表示在某地范围之内。

如: Shanghai is/lies in the east of China.

上海在中国的东部。

2. to 表示在某地范围之外。

如: Japan is/lies to the east of China.

日本位于中国的东面。

3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。

如: Mongolia is/lies on the north of China.

蒙古国位于中国北边。

♥表示计量的介词:at, for, by

1. at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。

如: It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour.

它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。

I sold my car at a high price.

我以高价出售了我的汽车。

2. for表示“用……交换,以……为代价”。

如: He sold his car for 500 dollars.

他以五百元把车卖了。

注意:at表示单价(price) ,for表示总钱数。

3. by表示“以……计”,后跟度量单位。

如: They paid him by the month.

他们按月给他计酬。

Here eggs are sold by weight.

在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。

♥表示材料的介词:of, from, in

1. of成品仍可看出原料。

如: This box is made of paper.

这个盒子是纸做的。

2. from成品已看不出原料。

如: Wine is made from grapes.

葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。

3. in表示用某种材料或语言。

如: Please fill in the form in pencil first.

请先用铅笔填写这个表格。

They talk in English.

他们用英语交谈。

注意: in指用材料,不用冠词;而with指用工具,要用冠词。

请比较: draw in pencil 与draw with a pencil.

♥表示工具或手段的介词:by, with, on

1. by用某种方式,多用于交通。

如:by bus 乘公共汽车

by e-mail. 通过电子邮件

注意: 表示搭乘交通工具时,用by时不用冠词,用in时要用冠词。

请比较: I went there by bus/in a bus.

我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。

2. with表示“用某种工具”。

如:He broke the window with a stone.

他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。

注意: with表示用某种工具时,必须用冠词或物主代词。

3. on表示“以……方式”,多用于固定词组。

如:They talked on the telephone.

他们通过电话进行交谈。

She learns English on the radio/on TV.

她通过收音机/电视学英语。

♥表示关于的介词:of , about,on

1. of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事。

如: He spoke of the film the other day.

他前几天提到了这部影片。

He thought about this matter yesterday.

他昨天考虑了这件事。

2. about指“关于”某人或某事物的较详细的情况。

如: Can you tell me something about yourself?

你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?

3. on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事。

如: It’s a textbook on the history of china.

它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。

♥表原因或理由的介词:for, at,from,of, with, by,because of

1. for表示原因,常与sorry,famous, punish, praise, thank, blame等词连用。

如: I am sorry for what I said to you.

我后悔不该对你讲那些话。

2. at指情感变化的原因,意为“因听到或看到而……”。

如: He was surprised at the news.

听到这消息他大吃一惊。

3. from指“外在的原因”,如受伤、车祸等。

如: He died from the wound.

他因受伤而致死。

4. of指“内在的原因”,如病、饿等。

如: The old man died of hunger.

老人死于饥饿。

5. with指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因。

如: Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.

他们听到这个消息,欣喜若狂。

He was shaking with anger.

他气得浑身发抖。

6. by表示外部的,尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因。

如:Her body was bent by age.

他因年老背弯了。

She took your umbrella by mistake.

我因弄错拿了你的雨伞。

7. because of 表示引起结果的直接原因。

如: He retired last month because of illness/because he ill.

他上个月因病退休了!

8. owing to多表示引起某不良后果的原因。

如: Owing to the rain they could not come.

由于下雨他们没来。

9. thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因,常译为“幸亏……,多亏……”。

如: Thanks to John, we won the game.

多亏约翰,我们才赢了这场比赛。

10. out of表示动机的起因,常译为“出于……”。

如: He asked the question out of curiosity.

他出于好奇才问了那个问题。

11. through多表示因局部而影响全局的原因。

如: The war was lost through bad organization.

战争因组织不周而失败了。

♥表示好像或当作的介词:like, as

1. like表示“像……一样”,其实不是。

如: Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud.

彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪。

2. as表示“作为,以……身份”,其实也是。

如:He talked to me as a father.

他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。

注: as作连词时,可表示“好像……”。

如:The work is not so difficult as you imagine.

这工作不像你想像的那么困难。

♥表示支持或反对的介词:against,for

against反对,for支持,互为反义词。

如: Are you for my idea or against it?

你赞同还是反对我的想法?

表示除某人某物外的介词:besides, except

1. besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除……外,还”。

如: Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.

除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影。(他和另外30人都去了)

He is interested in tennis besides(=as wellas)football.

除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣。

2. except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去”。

如: Everyone is excited except me.

除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)

All the visitors are Japanese except him.

除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)

注意:

(A) except通常与表示全体的all, every连用;若与other连用,只能用besides。

如: He had other people to take care of besides me.

除我之外,他还要照顾别人。

(B) except是排除同类;而except for是排除非同类,常在说明基本情况后,从细节上加上修正。

如: The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.

除了几处拼写错误之外,这篇作文整体还是不错的。(作文与拼写错误是非同类的)

但except for也可代替except,特别是在句首时,因为except是不能用于句首的。

如: Except George, you can all go.

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