定语从句分类详解

定语从句分类详解（精选6篇）

篇1：定语从句分类详解

一、定语从句的构成：先行词(所修饰的名词)+关系代词/关系副词(从属连词)+从句

二、定语从句的类型：根据从属连词的不同可以将定语从句分为三种类型：关系代词引导的定语从句，关系副词引导的定语从句，和as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句

在这一类从句中需要注意的是关系代词在句子中所起的作用。首先，关系代词连接主句和从句;其次关系代词指代所修饰的先行词;最后关系代词往往在从句中做主语或者宾语，且做主语时关系代词不能省略，做宾语时可以省略。

例1：He who laughs last laughs best. (笑到最后的人笑得最美。)

分析：who引导定语从句修饰主句的主语he，且在从句中做主语，不能省略。

例2：He is collecting authentic material which can prove his argument. (他正在收集确凿的证据以证明他的观点。)

分析：that引导定语从句修饰名词material，且在从句中做主语，不能省略。

例3：The house (which) we bought last month is very beautiful. (我们上周买的这套房子很漂亮。)

分析：which引导定语从句修饰名词house，且在从句中做宾语，可以省略。

例4：The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside. (妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。)

分析：whose引导定语从句修饰表示人的名词the girl，且在从句中做主语，不可以省略。

2. 关系副词引导的定语从句

前三种关系副词在考研英语中出镜率比较高，最后一种不太常见，容易被考生忽略。关系副词在意义上常常相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。

例1：The commentator must know the value of silence and how to use it at those moments when the pictures speak for themselves. (播音员必须懂得沉默的价值，懂得在画面不需要解释说明的时刻如何利用沉默。)

分析：when引导定语从句修饰表示时间的名词moments，在从句中做时间状语。

例2：When the work is well done, a climate of accident-free operation is established where time lose due to injuries is kept at a minimum. (工作完成后，一种无事故操作的环境被建立起来，在这种环境中，由于伤害造成的时间损失被保持在最低水平。)

分析：where引导定语从句修饰表示场合的名词climate，在从句中做地点状语。

例3：Do you know the reason why there are heat losses in a steam engine? (你知道蒸汽机中存在热损耗的原因吗?)

分析：why引导定语从句修饰名词reason，在从句中做原因状语。

例4：Teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (按照传统，教书是许多知识分子借以谋生的手段。)

3. as/which引导的非限制性定语从句

As/which引导的非限制性定语从句不仅可以修饰某个词语，而且可以修饰整个主句。而as引导的从句位置灵活，既可以位于句首，也可以位于句尾或者句中。且有些表达已经固定下来，如as is known to all 众所周知;as is often the case 情况往往如此。相比而言，which的位置就比较受限制，通常位于句末。

例1：Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry----William Shakespeare. (众所周知，艾文河畔的斯特拉特福镇，只有一种产业――威廉.莎士比亚。)

分析：as引导定语从句，使用了其固定表达。

例2：She is quite considerate and kind, which her younger sister never is. (她非常善良、体贴，而她妹妹却从不这样。)

分析：which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子。

篇2：定语从句分类详解

1.结构识别：名词+连接词+句子

从本质上讲句子在很多时候也是一个名词，因此这个结构也可以是这样的：句子+连接词+句子。在这种结构中连接词前面一定要出现逗号，这种结构在传统的语法书中也被称为非限定性定语从句。

【例】Kevin gave us a wonderful training course, which left us a deep impression.

【解析】这个句子的前身应该是这样的：Kevin gave us a wonderful training course. It left us a deep impression. it就是指代前面这个句子，这样两个句子就有了共有的名词，连接两个具有共同名词的句子是定语从句的作用，就可以用which代替it，这样就有了示例中的非限定性定语从句。

定语从句的连接词：

关系代词：who, whom, which, that, as, whose

关系连词：when, where, why, how

介词+关系代词：as和that以及who一般不能接到介词后引导句子

2.定语从句的处理方法

A.按照定语的处理方法将定语从句前置，这种处理方式适用于比较短的和起修饰限定作用的定语从句。

B.在考研中大多数的定语从句起的作用是连接句子，因此我们通常把定语从句从整个句子中独立拆分出来单独成为一个句子，这种处理方法的关键是找到连接词，拆分点就是连接词。对于“介词+连接词”引导的定语从句，拆分点就在介词处。

【例】There is something by virtue of which man is man.

【解析】这句话其实是由以下两句话变来的：

1)There is something.

2)Man is man by virtue of this thing.

这两句话中有共有的名词something和this thing，用which替换掉this thing再把of which提前，得到：There is something of which man is man by virtue.

by virtue of是一个相对固定的短语：by为介词，virtue为名词，构成一个介词短语，of短语修饰virtue。为了保持结构的相对完整性，写作的时候最好把by virtue一并提前，得到：There is something by virtue of which man is man.在翻译的时候可以提前，也可以分译。

【译文】存在一种特性，人之所以为人就是由于这种特性。(或：存在一种使人成为人的特性)

定语从句的简化表达法

1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.

2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.

3. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.

说明：以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来：

1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.

2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.

3. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.

说明：修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外，还可以用非谓语动词形式：doing短语，done短语，being done短语，to be done短语修饰。其结构和意思如下：

1. 被修饰名词+doing短语： 正在做….的人/正在发生的事。

2. 被修饰名词+ done短语： 被…..的人/事

3. 被修饰名词+being done短语：正在被…..的人/事

4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语：将要被…..的人/事

总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词，不定式的各种形式作定语。

1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面。如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语，则可以放在被修饰名词前面。

2. 分词作定语时，其动作应与全句动作同时发生。V-ing表示主动意义和正在做，V-ed表示被动意义。being done表示正在被做的

篇3：定语从句分类详解

[例句呈现]仔细阅读A、B两组句子，注意观察它们的不同点。

A.

1.The girl who came this morning is my sister.

2.Those who wish to go to the park must be at the gate by 7:50 am.

3.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.

B.

1.Mr.Shang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father’s.

2.Mary, whose children are at school all day, is trying to get a job.

3.He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true.

4.The college, where he studied for four years, is a famous one.

5.The 8:30 train, which is usually very punctual, was late today.

[小结]通过以上例句，我们可以发现：A组是限制性定语从句，B组是非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句主要有以下几个方面的区别。

1. 形式不同

主句和限制性定语从句之间不用逗号隔开，而主句与非限制性定语从句之间通常用逗号隔开。

2. 作用不同

限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略，如：

a) What is the name of the tall woman who is standing there?

站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?

b) Toronto is a city (that) I’ve always wanted to visit.

多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。

而非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that引导。在非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。如：

a) Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history.

意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。

b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London.

昨天我遇见金教授，他是从伦敦大学来的。

c) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed.

他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。

3. 先行词不同

大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。

eg.A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.

一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。

分析：从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了其丈夫这整件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导定语从句。

eg.A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.

一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语，令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。

分析：从语境可知，令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导非限制性定语从句。

4. 关系词不同

限制性定语从句可以由that, which, who (m), where, when, why及“介词+which/whom”等来引导，而非限制性定语从句通常由who (m), whose, which, when, where及“介词+which/whom”引导。

关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替whom，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who来代替。

eg.This is the girl whom I met in the street.

这是我在街上遇到的女孩。

先行词“the girl”在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用who代替whom。

eg.A young man had a new girl friend, whom he wanted to impress.

一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻印象。

先行词“a new girl friend”在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，不可用who代替whom。

最后我们不妨比较一下以下两个句子：

a) She has two brothers who are working in the city.

她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。(其意思是强调：She hasmore than two brothers.)

b) She has two brothers, who are working in the city.

她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。(而这句是说：Shehas only two brothers.)

下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义却大相径庭。

a) He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others.

他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。

b) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others.

篇4：定语从句分类详解

一、 疑问句中考查定语从句

1. Is this the farm _____you visited last week?

A. whereB. the one

C. on whichD. /

【解析】 答案是D。 命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择。遇到这类定语从句时，最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句，然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分，最后确定正确答案。

二、 倒装句中考查定语从句

2. We came to a place,_____ stood a big tower.

A. whichB. thatC. /D. where

【解析】 正确答案是D。为了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒装语序。倒装的使用使定语从句的结构变得较为特殊，因此对于使用倒装语序的定语从句，应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序，这样句子结构就比较清晰了。

三、 拆分词组和固定搭配

3. The second is connected with the use______the body makes of food.

A. of which B. where C. to do D. that

4. Why cant you realize the part_____ they have played in our life?

A. which B. on which C. when D. where

【解析】 答案分别是D和A。一些词组和搭配被拆开后，句子的含义就变得难以理解。首先把拆开的词组复原是理解此类定语从句的关键。上述句子中包含以下词组：make use of, play a part (in)。

四、 添加插入语或状语

5. The scientist has made another discovery,_____ I believe is of great importance.

A. thatB. /C. which_____D. why

【解析】 应选择C。这类句子主要利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。常见的插入语有： I think (suppose, expect, believe, imagine), in my opinion, to tell you the truth等。做这类题目时，最佳的办法是先删去插入语或状语，这样句子的主干部分就一目了然了。

五、 插入非谓语动词

6. Is this the man_____ you want to have_____ the radio for me?

A. who; repairedB. that; repaired

C. whom; repairingD. that; repair

【解析】D项正确。非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一，因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词就成了学生最易失分的题目。对付这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。如：我们可以把几个句子中的定语从句进行还原，还原后的句子应是：You want to have the man repair the radio for me.

小试牛刀：

1. Was it in the shop_____ sold childrens clothing that you lost your wallet?

A. /B. whereC. thatD. when

2. Thank you for the difficulty_____ you have had painting the house.

A. whenB. /C. whyD. where

3. Is there anyone around the factory_____knows how to operate the computer?

A. whoB. whichC. whereD. in which

4. The managers discussed the plan_____they would like to see_____ the next year.

A. that; carried outB. who; carried out

C. which; carry outD. that; carrying out

5. She was much disappointed to see the beautiful cloth_____ she had made_____with lots of spots.

A. which; coverB. that; covered

C. /; coveringD. where; covering

6. Lincoln,_____ life was once hard, were elected President of American.

A. for whomB. whoC. to whomD. /

Keys: 1. C2. B3. A4. A5. B6. A

Ⅱ. 定语从句分类正误例析

一、 成分重复类

【误】 The factory where we worked there last year was built in 1968.

【正】 The factory where we worked last year was built in 1968.

【析】 别忘记定语从句的关系词在从句中必定充当某一成分。误句中的关系副词where在从句中作状语用，意味：“在那工厂”，再用there就重复状语了，必须删去。又例如：Who is the man ( that ) you talked to him just now?应改为Who is the man that you talked to just now? (that在从句中作宾语用，意味“那个人”。him是多余的。)

一、 关系词错用类

【误】 This is the right bookstore where we are looking for.

【正】 This is the right bookstore which we are looking for.

【析】 要弄清各个关系词在从句中所充当的成分。误句中的关系词应指bookstore, 在从句中作look for的宾语，而where在从句中只能作状语，因而是错误的。故关系副词where应改为关系代词which。又:例如：This is the boy whom was praised by Mr. Jack yesterday.应改为This is the boy who was praised by Mr. Jack yesterday. (关系代词在从句中作主语用，应把whom改为who 。)

二、 主谓矛盾类

【误】 Can you show me the book which have been translated into English by Xiao Hong?

【正】 Can you show me the book which has been translated into English by Xiao Hong?

【析】 在定语从句中，当关系词为主语时，从句的谓语动词必须与先行词相一致，而不是与主句的主语相一致。应将have been translated改为has been translated。

三、 缺关系代词类

【误】 The man is giving a report in our school is a scientist.

【正】 The man who is giving a report in our school is a scientist.

【析】 犯这类错误有两个原因：一是受汉语的影响，把英语和汉语结构等同起来；二是没有弄清关系词在定语从句中作主语用时不能省略。应把作主语的关系代词who补起来。

四、 漏掉介词类

【误】 The woman whom I went to the concert is a singer.

【正】 The woman whom I went to the concert with is a singer.

【析】 该句的汉语意思是：“和我一起去参加音乐会的那个妇女是位歌唱家。”根据句义，定语从句中的关系代词whom应作介词with的宾语用。如果漏掉介词with，则关系代词whom就无处可放，也无法解释了。这是中学生常犯的错误，必须引起高度重视。又例如：The man whom I talked to you lives upstairs.应改为The man whom I talked to you about lives upstairs. (whom作about的宾语用， 故about不能漏掉。)

五、 词语错位类

【误】 The room in that she lives is a large one.

【正】 The room that she lives in is a large one.

【析】 在定语从句中，介词不能置于关系代词that 之前。当介词放在从句后面时，that可以用，也可以省略。例如：This is the questionthat we have had so much discussion about. 注意，含有介词的短语动词一般不可拆开。不能说The book for which he is looking was given by my brother.而应说: The book which he is looking for was given by my brother.当然，在一般情况下，定语从句的关系代词which和whom作介词的宾语时，介词是可以置于which和whom之前的。例如：Do you know the comrade to whom she was talking? The tool with which he is working is called a saw.

【即时练习】

一、 选择正确的答案

1. Well never forget the days_____ we spent together last year.

A. whenB. thatC. how D. on which

2. The high yellow building over there,_____was set up last year, is our office building.

A. itB. thatC. whereD. which

3. It is the best TV play_____Ive seen.

A. thatB. whichC. sinceD. and

4. I often hear from my sister,_____works as an engineer.

A. thatB. whoC. heD. whom

5. Last month I visited the house_____Iused to live in my twenties.

A. whichB. whoC. in thatD. where

6. The day_____ I was to start arrived at last.

A. thatB. which

C. on whichD. in that

7. The old woman has two sons,_____are teachers.

A. two of whomB. both of whom

C. all of themD. neither of them

8. Is that the reason_____you dont agree with them?

A. whatB. whichC. whyD. that

9. Air,_____we breathe every day, is necessary to life.

A. /B. whichC. whatD. that

10. I,_____your friend,will try my best to help you out.

A. who isB. that is

C. who amD. who are

11. Li Ying is one of the girls_____to college in the village.

A. who goesB. who go

C. which wentD. that goes

12. He is the only one of the boys of his class who_____the piano well.

A. playsB. play

C. playingD. are playing

13. Those_____not only from books but also through practice will succeed.

A. learnB. who

C. that learnsD. who learn

14. Is this the factory_____you visited the other day?

A. in whichB. which

C. whereD. the one

15. He must be from Africa,_____can be seen from his skin.

A. thatB. asC. itD. what

参考答案：

1. B。that指代the days,在从句中作动词spent的宾语。

2. D。which指代the high yellow building,在从句中作主语，引导非限定性定语从句。

3. A。that指代the TV play,在从句中作宾语，且先行词中含有最高级，不能用which。

4. B。who指代my sister,在从句中作主语，且本题是非限定性定语从句(因为书写有逗号，that不引导非限定性定语从句。

5. D。where指代the house,在从句中作状语(live是不及物动词)。

6. C。on which相当于when,表时间，作状语。

7. B。本题是非限定性定语从句(书写有逗号)，故C、D错误，A应改为the two of whom，故B正确。

8. C。why相当于for the reason，在从句中作状语。

9. B。which引导非限定性定语从句，指代air，在从句中作动词“breathe”的宾语。

10. C。that不引导非限定性定语从句，who指代I,谓语动词应用am。

11. B。who指代the girls,在从句中作主语，如果one of ... 结构变为the (only) one of ... 应改A。

12. A。先行词是the only one是单数，故选A。若去掉the only则选B。

13. D。who指代those,在从句中作主语，谓语动词是learn。

14. B。解题技巧：先将句子转换为陈述句语序。This is the factory_____you visit the other day. which指代the factory,在从句中作动词visit的宾语。

篇5：定语从句分类详解

2011-03-23 13:55:32| 分类： 高考 |字号大中小 订阅

2011年高考英语定语从句考点及精品练习题(十四)

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1.The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.A.which was

B.it was C.which were

D.them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：

(1)Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.A.which is

B.it is C.which are

D.them are(2)The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.A.which are

B.it is C.which is

D.them are(3)Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A.which are

B.it is C.which is

D.them are 2.A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

A.that

B.which C.where

D.what 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。

【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

3._____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It

B.As C.That

D.What 【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。

【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题： _______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A.It

B.As C.That

D.What 此题答案选 A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。再比较下面一组题，其中第(1)题选 B，第(2)题选 D：(1)______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which

B.As C.That

D.It(2)______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which

B.As C.That

D.It 4.David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.A.that

B.who

C.as

D.whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。

【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that …(如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：

David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.A.that

B.who

C.as

D.whom 请再做以下试题（答案选D）：

It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.A.like

B.that C.which

D.as 5.The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.that

B.it C.them

D.which 【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。

【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：

(1)His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A.that

B.it C.them

D.which(2)Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.A.that

B.it C.them

D.which(3)This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.A.that

B.it C.them

D.which 类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：(4)George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A.that

B.him C.them

D.whom(5)Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A.that

B.who C.them

D.whom(6)I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.A.that

B.who C.them

D.whom 6.He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.A.whom

B.them C.which

D.who 【陷阱】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students。

【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B。比较以下各题(答案均选A)：

(1)He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.A.which

B.them C.what

D.that(2)He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.A.them

B.which C.what

D.that(3)He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A.whom

B.them C.which

D.who(4)He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A.them

B.whom C.which

D.who 7.He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.A.whom

B.them C.which

D.who 【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：

(1)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.A.which

B.them C.what

D.that 答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。

(2)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.A.which

B.them C.what

D.that 答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。

(3)They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.A.which

B.them C.what

D.that 答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。8.On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：

(1)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated。

(2)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选A。因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。

(3)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。

(4)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选B。whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat。

(5)On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.A.their

B.whose C.which

D.that 选B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。9.If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.A.as

B.which C.what

D.that 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：

(1)If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.A.as

B.which C.and it

D.that(2)If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.A.as

B.which C.what

D.that(3)Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.A.that

B.which C.and it

D.so(4)When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.A.as

B.which C.what

D.that 10.She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.A.which

B.when C.how

D.where 【陷阱】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词 where。

【分析】正确答案为A。在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词 which或that。比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：

She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.A.which

B.when C.how

D.where 请再做一组试题(答案均选A)：

(1)Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.A.which

B.when C.how

D.where 选A，which 在定语从句中用作动词 bought 的宾语。

(2)Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.A.which

B.when C.how

D.where 选A，which 在定语从句中用作主语。

(3)Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.A.where

B.when C.that

D.which 选A，where 在定语从句中用作状语。◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1.All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest.A.once they grew

B.they grew once C.they once grew

D.once grew 2.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _____ many people have gone home.A.that

B.which C.whose time

D.by which time 3.Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A.he explained

B.what he explained C.how he explained

D.why he explained 4.Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.A.it

B.that C.this

D.which 5.When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _____ efforts he still suffers.A.which

B.that C.whose

D.what 6.It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family.A.when

B.where C.that

D.which 7.We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer.A.which

B.that C.whose

D.when 8.The little time we have together we’ll try _____ wisely.A.spending it

B.to spend it C.to spend

D.spending that 9.The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work.A.that, the place

B.it, the place C.which, where

D.what, where 10.We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go.A.what

B.which C.where

D.when 11.The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ______ the country became united.A.when

B.if C.since

D.until 12.All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____ in the forest.A.once they grew

B.they grew once C.that once grew

D.once grew 13.You could see the runners very well from ______ we stood.A.which

B.where C.that

D.when 14.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.A.which price

B.the price of which C.its price

D.the price of whose 15.What have you got _____ will help a cold? A.what

B.that C.it

D.who 16.He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.A.how

B.that C.what

D.which 17.Do you know the man from ________ house the pictures were stolen? A.which

B.that C.what

D.whose 18.I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.A.why

B.which C.as

D.where 19.Is this all that you need? If you married me, I’d give you everything you _____.A.want

B.wanted C.had wanted

D.are wanting 20.I met the teacher in the street yesterday ________ taught me English three years ago.A.which

B.when C.where

D.who 21.He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.where

B.which C.while

D.why 22.He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.A.which I think is

B.which I think it is C.which I think it

D.I think is 23.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy.A.who

B.which C.this

D.what 24.Their problem today is somewhat similar to _____ they faced many years ago.A.that

B.which C.that which

D.it 25.I saw some trees the leaves of _____ were black with disease.A.that

B.which C.it

D.what 26.The famous basketballer, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.A.where

B.when C.which

D.who 27.When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _______ she had arranged with James.A.the which was what

B.what was that C.which was what

D.that was that

【答案与解析】

1.选 C。先行词是 those，可视为 those flowers 之省略。they once grew 前省略了关系代词 which。全句意为：这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。

2.选D。by which time 引出的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中 by which time 相当于 and by that time。

3.选 A。注意不能选 D，因为动词 explained 缺宾语。4.选 D。which 指 the road map。

5.选C。from whose efforts he still suffers 为修饰 a serious illness 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 efforts。

6.选B。where 引导定语从句修饰 one。注：one 在此指 a new job。类似地，下面一题的答案是C，因为one that 相当于 a problem that：

The problem is _____ has caused us a lot of trouble.A.one

B.that C.one that

D.that one 7.选 D。先行词是表时间的 age(时代)，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 when。8.选C。该句的正常词序为 We will try to spend the little time we have together wisely.9.选C。第一空填 which，指 the old building；第二空填 where，用以引导表语从句。10.选 C。先行词是地点名词 places，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 where。11.选A。when 引导的是非限制性定语从句。

12.选C。that once grew in the forest 为修饰 those 的定语从句。13.选B。where 在此相当于 the place where。

14.选 B。the price of which was very reasonable 为非限制性定语从句，其中的 the price of which 相当于 and its price 或 and the price of it。假若空格前有并列连词 and，则可选 C。

15.选B。that will help a cold 为修饰 what 的定语从句。比较：Have you got anything that will help a cold? 以及 I’ve got nothing that will help a cold.16.选B。the way 后不接how 引导的从句，换句说，how 不是关系代词或关系副词，不能引导定语从句。以the way 为先行词的定语从句通常用 that 或 in which 来引导，在非正式文体中也可省略 that 和 in which。

17.选D。from whose house the pictures were stolen 为修饰 the man 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 house。

18.选 D。先行词是 many cases，关系副词 where =in which。

19.选A。尽管句中用了 if you married me, I’d give you everything 这样的虚拟语气句子，但修饰everything 的定语从句(that)you want 却要用陈述语语气，因为它是回答前面 Is this all that you need? 这一提问的。

20.选 D。因定语从句缺主语，且关系代词指人，故选D。21.选A。where 所引导的为修饰 a dangerous situation 的定语从句。22.选 A。选项中的 I think 是插入语，若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案。23.选 B。of course 为插入语，若将项其去掉，则答案显然是B。24.选C。that which相当于 the problem which。25.选B。the leaves of which 相当于 whose leaves。

26.选 D。先行词是 The famous basketballer(著名的篮球明星)，故要用 who 来引导定语从句，因为其余三项均不用于指人。

篇6：定语从句分类详解

注：全国卷I、全国卷II、北京、上海、天津、江苏、湖北、安徽、湖南、福建、陕西、山东、重庆、四川、江西、浙江、辽宁(共17份；广东卷无单项选择)

定语从句

(2013全国卷I)33.“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” ______.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying

C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying

(2013全国卷I would be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

(2013北京卷)27.Many countries are now setting up national parks ________

animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where

(2013上海卷)38.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what

(2013天津卷in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

(2013江苏卷)32.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,______ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.where B.whichC.whatD.when

(2013安徽卷)29.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which

(2013湖南卷)21.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

(2013福建卷)27.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ____ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

(2013陕西卷is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

(2013山东卷)31.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where

(2013山东卷)35.Finally he reached a lonely island _________ was completely cut

off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom

(2013重庆卷)24.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.A.themB.thatC.whichD.whom

(2013四川卷)9.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

(2013江西卷)33.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

(2013浙江卷)5.The children, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom(2013浙江卷)13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

(2013辽宁卷)34.He may win the competition, ____________he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that case