定语从句高考真题免费

定语从句高考真题免费（共6篇）

篇1：定语从句高考真题免费

定语从句2011-2013高考真题汇编

(2011全国卷I)31.The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what

（2011全国卷II）7.Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which

（2011北京卷）26.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _________, of course, make all the others upset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that

(2011上海卷)39.You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ____ you can hire to reach your host family.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as

（2011山东卷）32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that

（2011江西卷）34.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____ had taken more than three years.A.for whichB.with whichC.of whichD.to which

（2011江苏卷）24.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which

（2011安徽卷）28.Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while

（2011浙江卷）8.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently.A.whichB.whatC.themD.those

（2011浙江卷）10.A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there

（2011福建卷）24.She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who

（2011四川卷）17.The school shop,________ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where

（2011天津卷）10.The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which

（2011陕西卷）11.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, ________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that

(2011湖南卷)25.Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _______ she spoke fluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that

(2012全国卷II)8.That evening, _______ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when

(2012北京卷)26.When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

(2012上海卷)35.Have you sent thank—you notes to the relatives from _______ you received gifts?

A.whichB.themC.thatD.whom

(2012天津卷)7.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _______help I would never have got this far.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which

(2012江苏卷)22.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what

(2012安徽卷)29.A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A.asB.itC.whichD.this

(2012湖南卷)34.Care of the soul is a gradual process ________ even the small details of life should be considered.A.whatB.in whatC.whichD.in which

(2012福建卷)23.The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.A.thatB.itC.asD.what

(2012陕西卷)14.It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what

(2012山东卷)23.Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what

(2012重庆卷)29.Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as importance as sales skills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where

(2012四川卷)13.In our class there are 46 students, ________ half wear glasses.A.in whomB.in themC.of whomD.of them

(2012江西卷)28．By 16:30,was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that

(2012浙江卷)9.We live in an age ________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.A.whyB.whenC.to whomD.on which

(2012浙江卷)17.Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom

(2013新课标1)“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” _________.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old sayingC.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying（2013课标卷II）4.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _______ I would be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

（2013北京卷）27.Many countries are now setting up national parks _______ animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where

（2013天津卷）6.We have launched another man-made satellite, _______ is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

（2013湖南卷）21.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

（2013江苏卷）32.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China ______, he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

（2013江西卷）33.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

（2013辽宁卷）34.He may win the competition, _______ he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that caseC.in what caseD.in whose case

（2013山东卷）35.Finally he reached a lonely island _______ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom

（2013四川卷）9.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

（2013浙江卷）13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

（2013上海卷）38.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what

（2013重庆卷）24.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _______ are family members.A themB.thatC.whichD.whom

（2013安徽卷）29.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ______ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which

（2013福建卷）27.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _______ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

（2013山东卷）31.There is no simple answer, _______ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where

（2013陕西卷）16.______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

（2013浙江卷）5.The children, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom

篇2：定语从句高考真题免费

注：全国卷I、全国卷II、北京、上海、天津、江苏、湖北、安徽、湖南、福建、陕西、山东、重庆、四川、江西、浙江、辽宁(共17份；广东卷无单项选择)

定语从句

(2013全国卷I)33.“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” ______.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying

C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying

(2013全国卷I would be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

(2013北京卷)27.Many countries are now setting up national parks ________

animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where

(2013上海卷)38.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what

(2013天津卷in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

(2013江苏卷)32.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,______ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.where B.whichC.whatD.when

(2013安徽卷)29.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which

(2013湖南卷)21.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

(2013福建卷)27.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ____ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

(2013陕西卷is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

(2013山东卷)31.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where

(2013山东卷)35.Finally he reached a lonely island _________ was completely cut

off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom

(2013重庆卷)24.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.A.themB.thatC.whichD.whom

(2013四川卷)9.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

(2013江西卷)33.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

(2013浙江卷)5.The children, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom(2013浙江卷)13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

(2013辽宁卷)34.He may win the competition, ____________he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that case

篇3：刍议高考英语定语从句常见考点

关键词：高考英语,定语从句,常见考点

众所周知, 定语从句既是高中英语语法教学的重点和难点, 也是高考热门考点之一。纵观近几年高考试题, 我们不难发现定语从句有下列常见考点:

1. 考查选择恰当的关系代词或关系副词

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语, 关系副词充当状语。选择什么关系代引导定语从句, 首先要看该词在定语从句中充当什么成分, 然后再根据先行词来确定具体关系词。请看下列表格:

注意:关系代词作宾语时一般可以省略, 但是非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词不能省略, 介词后面作宾语的关系代词也不能省略。在近几年高考试题中, which引导非限制性定语从句是最常见考点之一。

2. 考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句一直都是高考考查的热点, 其中介词的选择是关键。在“介词+关系代词”结构中, 关系代词指人时只能用whom, 指物时用which;其次, 如果“介词+关系代词”在定语从句中作时间状语用on、in、by等表示时间的介词, 作地点状语用on、in、at等表示地点的介词, 作原因状语用for, 作方式状语用in、by、with等。

3. 考查“名词、代词、数词等+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句

“名词、代词、数词等+of+关系代词”结构常常出现在非限定性定语从句中, 表示一种所属关系。如果先行词是人关系代词用whom, 先行词是物关系代词用whom。可以用于这种结构的代词有some、all、none、both、neither、many、most、each、few等。注意:由“名词+of+关系代词”引导的定语从句可转换成“whose+名词”引导的定语从句。

4. 考查定语从句和其它相似易混结构的比较

为了考查学生定语从句的实际运用和应变能力, 命题人经常将定语从句和并列句、名词性从句、状语从句或强调句型混在一起考查。解题时, 首先要弄清是什么从句, 再根据所选择的的词在句中的作用作出最佳选择。

5. 考查分隔式定语从句

所谓分隔就是指定语从句和它所修饰的先行词之间被其他句子成分隔开。此时, 解题的关键是要找到定语从句所修饰的先行词, 然后删除插入语, 最好再根据关系词在从句中的成分确定最佳选择。

另外, 在复习定语从句时, 我们还必须注意以下两点:

1.注意关系代词that和which引导定语从句的异同。

当先行词是物时, 关系代词that和which在一般情况下可换用, 但在以下几种情况下一般用that, 不用which:

1) 当先行词是all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、few、little、much、the one等不定代词, 或先行词被all、every、some、any、no、few、little等修饰时;

2) 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词the first、the second、the last等修饰时;

3) 当先行词被the only、the very、the right修饰时;

4) 当先行词既有人又有物时;

5) 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中, 为避免重复, 定语从句常用that引导。

注意:在下列场合关系代词通常用which, 而不用that。

1) 在非限制性定语从句中, 如果先行词是物, 只能用which;

2) 先行词是物, 定语从句中的介词提前时, 只能用which。

2.注意as和which引导定语从句的异同。

1) 在限制性定语从句中, 如果先行词前有the same、such、as, so修饰时, 要用as代替who (m) 、which或that引导的定语从句。

2) as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的异同:

共同点:which和as都可以指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容, 有时可以互换。

区别:as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾, 而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面;as引导的从句常有“正如”、“正像”之意。

参考文献

[1]章振邦.2003《.新编英语语法教程》[M].上海外语教育出版社

[2]李陆桂等.2005《.高中英语语法大全》[M].广西师范大学出版社

[3]李艳荣.2009.定语从句的教法探索[J].中小学英语教学与研究. (10)

[4]韩小庆.2011.研析2011高考试题, 归纳定语从句考查热点[J].中学生英语. (11)

[5]石晓娜.2011.解析2011年高考英语定语从句五大考点[J].青苹果高中版. (11)

篇4：定语从句高考考点聚焦

which指代物,一词可“两用”

非限定性定语从句中,which引导的从句位于主句之后,指代前面整个主句或主句中的部分内容。从句中,which既起连接的作用,又充当一定的句子成分(如主语、宾语或表语)。

【真题再现】

1. My friend showed me round the town, _________ was very kind of him. (2009全国卷II)

A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it

解析:本题考查非限定性定语从句中关系代词的选择,that不能引导非限定性定语从句,首先排除B项。分析题干,从句缺少主语,且填入空格处的词需要指代前面整句的内容。D项it虽然可指代前面的主句,但不能起连接作用,故排除;剩下的两个词都可以起连接作用,但只有which可指代前面整个句子的内容并充当从句主语,而where只能作状语。故正确答案为A。

2. The Science Museum, _________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London's tourist attractions. (2008江苏卷)

A. whichB. whatC. that D. where

解析:分析题干的句子结构,从句缺少宾语。引导非限定性定语从句时,which可以在从句中作宾语,指代主句的主语“The Science Museum”,而where只能作状语。故正确答案为A。

【考点小结】

非限定性定语从句中,如果从句的先行词是物,且从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,通常要用which。事实上,非限定性定语从句可理解成某一并列句的转换。如例1可转换为:“My friend showed me round the town, and it was very kind of him.”

where表地点,可具体可抽象

关系副词where在定语从句中既起连接作用,又在从句中充当地点状语。选用关系副词的关键是正确分析从句的主干结构,且选词必须符合句意。

【真题再现】

1. It's helpful to put children in a situation _________ they can see themselves differently. (2009福建卷)

A. that B. when C. whichD. where

解析:分析句子结构,从句的主谓宾完整,空格处只能选用状语,由先行词“a situation”可知应选用作地点状语的where 引导定语从句。故正确答案为D。

2. They will fly to Washington, _________ they plan to stay for two or three days. (2008重庆卷)

A. where B. there C. which D. when

解析:首先排除地点副词there,因为there不能引导从句。如果要使用there,则后半句应改为“and they plan to stay there for two or three days”。由先行词“Washington”可知从句的关系词表地点,且从句缺少状语,所以应该用“where”或“in which”连接主从句。故正确答案为A。

【考点小结】

如果非限定性定语从句的先行词是表地点的词,且从句缺少状语,则关系词用where。从以上高考题可以看出,where引导定语从句时,先行词既可以是表具体明确地点的词,也可以是表抽象模糊地点的词。

whose表所属,紧伴名词左右

Whose在定语从句中充当名词的定语,构成“whose + 名词”的形式,表示事物的所属关系,既可以表示“某人的”,又可以表示“某物的”。

【真题再现】

1. A person _________ e-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails. (2009天津卷)

A. who B. whom C. whoseD. whoever

解析:who和whom只可作定语从句的主语或宾语,而从句中并不缺少这两种成分,故排除;whoever引导名词性从句,故排除;分析题干可知,“A person”作定语从句的先行词,从句的主语“e-mail account”缺少限定词,whose可作定语修饰限定名词。故正确答案为C。

【考点小结】

定语从句中的名词缺少限定词(定冠词、不定冠词、代词)时,不能单独充当从句的主语或宾语,必须借助可充当定语的whose,即“whose + 名词”一起在从句中作主语或宾语。

介词 + which / whom,可作定语或状语

介词后接关系代词,在从句中可以作定语或状语;如果先行词是人,关系代词用whom;如果先行词是物,关系代词用which。对于介词的选用要综合考虑和谓语动词的搭配及整体句意。

【真题再现】

1. Gun control is a subject ____________ Americans have argued for a long time. (2009陕西卷)

A. ofwhichB. with which

C. about whichD. into which

解析:分析四个选项,区别之处在于和which搭配的介词不同。逐一进行分析:argue与about搭配,意思是“争论某事”;而“argue with sth.”用于否定句,意思是“不同意,不承认”;“argue sb. into doing sth.”意思是“说服某人做某事”。而argue作动词时不能和of搭配。故正确答案为C。

2. By nine o'clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _____________ appeared a rare rainbow soon. (2008福建卷)

A. ofwhichB. on which

C. from whichD. above which

解析:此定语从句的先行词是“the top of”,从句的正常语序应该是:“a rare rainbow soon appeared _________ the top of Mount Qomolangma.”介词above、on和at 都可与“the top of”搭配,表示“在……顶上”。但 above 侧重“不接触”, on侧重“面的接触”, at侧重“点”。根据句意,显然应该填“在山顶上空”。故正确答案为D。

3. We shouldn't spend our money testing so many people, most of _________ are healthy. (2007北京卷)

A. that B. which C. whatD. whom

解析:先行词为“so many people”,由逗号可知该句为非限定性定语从句。C项的what不可引导定语从句,故排除。关系代词which只能用于指代物,不能指代人,故排除;而关系代词that虽然可指代人,但不可直接置于介词后面作宾语。Whom引导非限定性定语从句可表人,又可充当介词宾语。故正确答案为D。

【考点小结】

解“介词 + which / whom + 定语从句”这一考点的关键是把先行词代入相应的定语从句中,根据从句谓语动词的习惯搭配或与先行词的关系,或由题干整体句意来确定。

剔除插入语,准确判定先行词

一般来说,定语从句总是紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后。但有时定语从句和先行词常常被介词或其他成分隔开,正常的句子结构被打乱,使考生难以准确判定定语从句的先行词,增加了解题难度。

【真题再现】

1. She'll never forget her stay there _________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. (2009四川卷)

A. that B. whichC. whereD. when

解析:解答此题的关键在于判定there分隔了先行词“her stay”和关系词引导的定语从句。如果考生误把there当作先行词,则很容易误选表示地点的关系词where。而事实上,这个句子真正的先行词是“her stay”,结合从句的句意,可知此处需由表时间的关系副词来引导。故正确答案为D。

2. Occasions are quite rare _________ I have the time to spend a day with the kids. (2008山东卷)

A. who B. whichC. whyD. when

解析:从句的正常语序应该是:“Occasions I have the time...are quite rare.” 为了避免主句头重脚轻,保持句子平衡,于是将定语从句置于主句的系表结构“are quite rare”之后。此句的先行词Occasions表时间,且从句缺少时间状语,所以应该用when或on which连接。故正确答案为D。

【考点小结】

从以上真题可以看出,能否成功剔除句子的插入语以及准确判定定语从句的先行词是解题关键。

as作关系代词

As作关系代词主要用于非限定性定语从句中,指代整个主句,意思是“这一点”,在从句中通常作主语或宾语;其引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后或主句之间。

【真题再现】

The Beatles, _________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (2007天津卷)

A. whatB. thatC. how D. as

解析:本句的主语“The Beatles”和谓语“came”之间插入了一个非限定性定语从句。What和how都不能引导定语从句,而that只可用于限定性定语从句;as引导非限定性定语从句可指代整个主句,作从句中不定式“to remember”的宾语。故正确答案为D。

【考点小结】

As 引导非限定性定语从句最显著的特点是:从句前或后必有逗号与主句分开,形式上和插入语类似,且从句的主干结构不完整,缺少主语或宾语,需要as充当。

关系代词的省略

关系代词that、who(m)、which在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,在口语中常常可以省略。

【真题再现】

1. The house I grew up _________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (2009江西卷)

A. in itB. inC. in that D. in which

解析:此题考生容易误选“in which”。若要使用“in which”,必须将题干改为“The house ____ I grew up has been...”,或者把关系代词放在引导位置,变为:“The house which (或that) I grew up in has been...”。而关系代词that或which作及物动词或介词宾语时,在口语中常常省略。故正确答案为B。

【考点小结】

当某个名词或代词后出现从句且题干中没有连词时,则应该考虑到作动词或介词的宾语that或which被省略的情况。所以考生在解题的时候,可以将省略的引导词补充出来,从而帮助其快速、清晰地理解句子结构。

定语从句与并列句、名词性从句、强调句型的区别

定语从句和并列句、名词性从句以及强调句型有些许相似之处,如果考生不能准确判别,便会影响正确答题。下面笔者就结合具体真题进行讲解。

【真题再现】

1.—What do you think of teaching, Bob?

— I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _________ you are doing something serious but interesting. (2009北京卷)

A. where B. whichC. when D. that

解析:此题很容易让考生误认为是强调结构“It is...that”而误选that。我们知道,强调结构中的it、that只是结构形式的需要,均无实际意义,去掉后句子结构和句意依然完整。而这句话中,如果去掉“It is”,剩下的部分“a job you are doing something ...”结构混乱,与强调结构的特点相矛盾,故判定其不是强调结构。分析句子结构,“It”指代“teaching”,“a job”是先行词,从句中主谓宾结构完整,缺少的只是地点状语,故正确答案为A。

2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _________ didn't help. (2005全国卷III)

A. itB. sheC. whichD. he

解析:由连词but可知,其后应是并列的简单句, 代词“it”指代前面整个句子的内容,正确答案为A。这道题如果去掉连词but,就成了一个非限定性定语从句,应该选which引导定语从句。

3. _________ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. (2004北京卷)

A. It B. As C. ThatD. What

篇5：定语从句高考真题免费

1、前置法

把定语从句翻译到它所修饰的先行词前面，常常用“的”来连接。(定语从句较短，结构简单)

Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.

太空和海洋是科学家们正努力探索的新世界。

Hewho has never tasted what is bitterdoes not know what is sweet.

没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。

真题：(92:74)The first two must be equal //for all who are being compared, //if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made.

分析：全句的主句The first two must be equal for all who are being compared;其中for是个介词，理解为“对...来说”;all 是个代词，意思是所有被比较者，who引导的是个定语从句，限定前面的代词all，该定语从句比较简单，可以前置。if引导的是个条件状语从句，主语是 any comparison，后面的介词短语是个固定短语，in terms of (就...而言，从…方面);第二被动结构是is to be made，应该翻译成主动意思，“做出比较”,if条件状语从句通常放在主句前面翻译。

译文：如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话，那么对所有被比较者来说，前两个因素必须是一样的。

2、后置法

把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句，关系词可以翻译为先行词或者与先行词相对应的代词。英语的英语从句结构常常比较复杂，如果翻译在其修饰的先行词前面的话，会显得定语太臃肿，而无法叙述清楚。

Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.

他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。

真题：(91:73) The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, //which means that we are heading into a crisis // in the matter of producing and marketing food.

1)not nearly 远非，远不如，远不能;match 相配，匹配，比得上

食品供应的增加远不足以赶上人口的增长

2) head v. 朝着……方向走去

这就意味着我们正在陷入危机

3) In the matter of ……关于，就……而言，在…..方面

market V.交易，销售

在粮食生产和销售方面

Which 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句的后面来翻译，这里 which 指代前面一整句话，可以翻译成“ 这”。

译文：

食品供应的增加将赶不上人口的增长，这就意味着我们在粮食生产和销售方面正陷入一场危机。

(01:71)There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, //and cars with pollution monitors// that will disable them //when they offend.

句型分析：

1)主干结构是带双主语的存在句：There will be television chat shows..., and cars...

2)两个主语都带有定语：第一个主语television chat shows的定语是过去分词短语hosted by robots，第二个主语cars的定语是介词短语with pollution monitors。

3)定语从句that will disable them修饰的先行词是pollution monitors，最后一个从句when they offend是定语从句中的状语从句。

词汇：

television chat shows hosted by robots 由机器人主持的电视谈话节目，重点词hosted 主持 cars with pollution monitors 装有污染监控器的汽车

disable them 使汽车失灵(停止运行)them和they指代汽车

offend 多义词(汽车)污染超标，违规

译文：

届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标(违规)，监控器就会使其停驶。

3、状译法

有些定语从句，在逻辑上与主句有状语关系，表示原因、条件、结果、让步等，译成汉语中相对应的逻辑关系，翻译为状语从句。

He insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for.

他坚持再买一幢房子，尽管他用不着。

真题：(90:64)

Behaviorists suggest //that the child who is raised in an environment //where there are many stimuli //which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses// will experience greater intellectual development.

句型分析：

that 引导的是个宾语从句，the child做宾语从句里的主语，will experience 是从句的谓语，在主谓之间又接了三个定语从句，第一个是who引导的，修饰前面的名词the child，第二个是where引导的，修饰前面的名词environment，最后是which引导的，修饰前面的名词stimuli。名词 capacity后面的介词做其后置定语。

词汇：

behaviorist 行为主义者 raise 抚养

stimuli 刺激物 capacity 能力

appropriate 适合的，适当的 intellectual 智力的

1)行为主义者认为

2)who 引导的定语从句非常复杂，其中又嵌套着 where 和which引导的定语从句，因此放先行词 the child 后面翻译，“儿童在一个环境下成长”

3)where 引导定语从句修饰 environment,该定从比较简单，可以前置。

有许多刺激物的环境。2和3组合在一起：儿童在一个有很多刺激物的环境下成长。

4)这些刺激物能够发展做出适当反应的能力

5)将会有更高的智力发展

最后根据句意可以得出，前后存在一定的条件逻辑关系，可以加上逻辑关系词 如果……那么……

译文：

行为主义者认为，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境里成长，而这些刺激物能够发展其做出适当反应的能力，那么这个儿童将会有更高的智力发展。

4、融合法

前三种翻译方法在考研英语翻译中会经常使用，而最后一种方法-融合法不太常用，仅供大家了解。

把主句和定语从句融合成一个简单句，其中定语从句译成简单句中的谓语部分。

There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.

楼下有人要见你。

In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention.

篇6：江苏高考定语从句讲解

（一）定语从句由关系代词和关系副词引导

1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词：when, where, why

3、关系代词和关系副词的用法.（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。

2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。

（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1）用that而不用 which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, „；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。

2）用which而不用 that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句；②代表整个主句的意思；③介词 + 关系代词。3）as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句常用于the same „ as, such „ as结构中。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。3）as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。3.定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。

5.当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

6.介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介词在句尾，关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语也可用who，且可省略。