高中英语写作基本句式

高中英语写作基本句式（共6篇）

篇1：高中英语写作基本句式

1、学校生活及学习成绩

Begetting on well with one’s study某人的学习越来越好

takeseveral courses at school在学校学若干门课程

haveEnglish (Chinese, Physics…) every (other )day work hard at …

putone’s heart into…专心于;致力于

beinterested in …

be fondof

likechemistry best

begood at …; be poor at …; do well in …; be weak in …

makeprogress in …; fail in …’ be tired of …’

passthe examination; give sb. a passing grade;

majorin history 主修历史

Hehas the best record in school. 他的成绩最棒。

get adoctor’s degree 获得博士学位

bemore interesting to sb.

learnabout; succeed in…; be active in class (work);

takean active part in …; learn… by heart;

workout a (maths) problem; improve oneself in …;

get90 marks for (English); get an “A” in the exam;

havea good command of…

lay agood foundation in (language study)

2、师生关系

geton well with sb; like to be with students;

begentle with us; be kind to sb;

be astrict teacher; be strict with one’s pupils;

bestrict in work

Wethink of him (her) as …; help sb with sth;

praisesb for sth …; blame sb for sth..

giveadvice on …; question sb on …

besatisfied with …

correctthe students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day;

give sb a lot ofwork;

tryto teach sb good study habits; make one’s lessons lively and interesting; teachsb. sth.;

teachsb to do sth.

devoteall one’s time to work;

admire(sb.for) his devotion to the cause of education

佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。

3、课余活动及周末生活

spendone’s time in many different ways;

enjoydoing things by oneself; go swimming;

gofor an outing; have an outing at (the seashore);

seethe sights of Beijing; play the piano (violin);

playchess (basketball); have a swim;

havedances on weekends; have a picnic over the weekend;

go tothe cinema; have a party; hold a sports meeting;

dosome reading; help sb do sth; enjoy a family trip;

geteverything ready for;

rideone’s bike with sb.to(the park);

Thereare a lot of activities at (the beach).

Weenjoy a change from our busy life in the city.

Shewould like to bring sth. to the picnic.

Itwas a very relaxing Sunday.

Thereare good programmes on TV on weekends.

4、彼此沟通信息

takea message for sb; send a message to sb;

hearfrom sb; talk about/of sth; tell sb to do sth;

getinformation about…;

expressone’s idea (feelings) in English用英语表达一个人的思想(感情);

Writesb a letter saying…给某人写信说... ，apologize to sb for…

thankyou for …; make a speech t at the meeting;

explainsth to s; look upon sb as …; think sb to be …;

takesb’s side

5、事件中人的态度

wouldlike to do; allow sb to do;

keepsb from doing (prevent sb. from doing);

callon sb to do; be afraid to do (be afraid of …);

feelike doing; insist on doing; drive sb. off;

speakhighly of sb; speak ill of sb; think highly of sb;

forcesb to do; offer to do; refuse to do; agree to do;

regretdoing;

preferto do A rather than do B; had better do;

wouldrather (not) do.

6、事情过程

havethe habit of doing…; have no trouble doing;

makeup one’s mind to do;

preparesb for …; give up doing…; do sth as usual;

dowhat he wants us to do; set about doing;

tryone’s best to do…=go all out to do;

getinto trouble; help sb out; do one’s bit for New China;

waitfor sb to do; find a way to do; make friends with sb;

show(tell) sb. how to do…; take (send) sb to …;

I’mtrying to find…;

I’mafraid we are out of …;

passthe time doing; feel a little excited about doing…;

can’thelp doing…; do some good deeds to people;

beprepared for more hard work;

Someare doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C.

7、感观活动与思维活动

look around for …; look up (down) at …; catch sight of …;

take a look at …; hear sb do (doing); take notice of …;

take view of …; have a good understanding of …;

consider sb (sth) to be …; come to know…;

realize that …; know that +从句

8、情感与欲望

be pleased with …; be delighted in doing…;

take a pleasure in doing; be worried about;

feel surprised at …

be sorry for …; be angry with sb for sth;

be angry about …(为某事生气);

look forward to doing…; wish to do; expect to do;

long for (long to do); be sick for one’s home;

have a strong desire to do …;

9、健康状况及治疗

be in good shape; be in good (poor )health;

feel weak (well, terrible, sick); have got a high (slight ) fever;

have a slight (bad) cold; take one’s temperature;

have got a pain in …; be good (bad) for one’s health(eyes);

It’s nothing serious. stay in bed until…; save one’s life

10、其它

It (take)sb. some time to do…; It is said that …;

be fit for; be short of; be well dressed;

miss the lecture (train); change…into…;

waste time doing; spend time doing; be busy doing;

have no choice but to do; I can’t help it. be in need of…;

be mistaken about …; fall behind…; catch up with;

on behalf of; instead of; be welcome to do…;

Running, biking and swimming are popular in summer.

Skiing and skating are my favorite winter sports.

11、信件开头常用语

You letter came to me this morning.

I have received your letter of July the 20th.

I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday.

I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.

How time flies! It’s three months since I saw you last.

Thank you for your letter.

In reply to your letter about (the exhibition this year)…;

Let me tell you that…

12、信件结尾常用语

Please remember me to your whole family.

Give my best regards (wishes) to your mother.

Best wishes.

With love.

Wish you a pleasant journey.

Wish you success. Wish you the best of health. (luck)

Looking forward to your next visit to China.

Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.

Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible.

13、问路和应答

Go down this street

Turn night/left at the first crossing

It’s about…meters from here

You can’t miss it

In front of behind at/a the corner(不用in)

篇2：高中英语写作基本句式

仿写专题

（一）----There be句型

are/is/was/were/used to be/There have/has/had been /will be+ 名词/代词 to do/to be done+ 地点 + 时间

may/can/muse be

exist, lie, live, stand,seem / happen / appear to be

remain, come, follow

There is no use / point / sense / good + in doing sth.There is no need / chance / possibility to do sth

实例展示一

◆There are no children in this house.◆There appear to be several reasons for changing our plans.◆There remains nothing to be done.◆Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.仿写练习

1． 有一条河流过我们村。（flow..．through）

There/flows/a river/through our village.2． 这台电脑好像出毛病了。

There/seems to be/something wrong/with this computer.3． 还有很多问题没有解决。

There/remain/a large number of problems/to be solved.4． 接着是一阵令人难受的沉默。(follow)

There/followed/an uncomfortable silence．

5． 这个地区曾经发生过一次严重的交通事故。(there used to be)

There/used to be/a serious traffic accident/in the area.实例展示二

◆There is going to be a lecture on environmental protection held in our lecture hall this weekend.◆There are 10 yuan left in my pocket.仿写练习

1.有成千上万的人在地球日那一天关掉灯，和家人到外面散步。

There are/thousands of people/turning off the light/and/walking outside/with their family/on the Earth Day.2.只剩一个月的时间就要期中考试了。(before)

There are/only one month/left/before the mid-term examination.实例展示三

◆There has been some awful weather lately.仿写练习

1.这里出过许多事故。

There have been a lot of accidents round here.实例展示四

◆There must be a mistake somewhere.◆There must have been a rain last night, for the ground is wet.◆There needs to be a system set up to judge the quality of the English language learning.需要建立一套系统来评判英语学习的质量。

仿写练习

1.今天雨这么大，教室里可能没人。

There could be/no one/in the classroom, for/it’s raining/so hard.2.需要定一个规则来防止我们大家浪费自然资源。

There needs to set up/a policy/to prevent us all/from wasting natural resources.实例展示五

◆There is no point in arguing further.再争下去没意义。

◆There was no sense in making a child suffer like that.让一个孩子受那样的苦是毫无道理的。

◆There is no denying the fact that he is guilty.毫无疑问，他是有罪的。

仿写练习

1.为孩子准备好所有的一切是没有道理的。

There is no sense in getting everything ready for children.2.没有必要为自己所做的事情找借口。(there is no need to do)

There is no need to make excuses for what you have done.实例展示六

◆There is an old lady who came to college at the age of 87.◆There was a time when I hated to go to school.曾经有一段时间，我讨厌上学。

仿写练习

1． 有三个兄弟，经常吵架。

There are/three brothers/who always quarrel/with each other.2． 曾经有一段时间，我对学习丧失了兴趣。

There used to be/a time/when/I expressed no interest/in my study.强化训练

1.改错

1)There will改为 be/ an

2)There are one third of the students don’t think it wise to tear down the library we should

preserve.一般要用非谓语或从句的形式)

3)There is no use to hide that fact from him.4)He told me that there has been an argument between them.2.语法填空

1)I don’t expect there ____________ any misunderstanding.to be

2)There is no use___________(talk)a lot without __________(do)anything.3)There___________(enter)Mary with a baby in her arms just when I was aboutto leave.4)There are a lot of people ___________(wait)for the bus to come.5)There are five pairs___________(choose),but I’m at a loss which to buy.6)What a pity, my new computer doesn’t work.There ___________(be)something wrong with it.7)Let’s get through the work quickly.___________ seems to be little time left now.8)There is reported ___________(be)a number of the wounded on both sides.1)to be 2)talking, doing 3)entered 4)waiting 5)to choose from 6)must be

7)There 8)to be

3.完成句子

1)昨天在街上碰巧遇见了我的一个老朋友。（there happen to be）

There/happened to be/an old friend of mine/in the street．

2)这条河以前有很多水的。(used to be)

There/used to be/plenty of water/in the river.3)昨天运动场举行了一场运动会。

There was/a sport meeting(held)/on the playground/yesterday.4)屋后有一条河。

5)

6)There lies/a river/behind the house．毫无疑问，他已经意识到自己的错误了。There is no doubt that/he/is aware of/his mistakes.同期，在自行车的使用和走路两个方面都有一定的下降.(a gradual decline in...)

There was/a gradual declinein the use of bicycle and on foot.7)1990年以来，美国死于交通事故的人越来越多。

（there have been..已经有……）

There have been more Americans killed in traffic accidents since 1990.8)全班似乎除了Tom之外没有一个人能解出这道题。

（there seems to be似乎有……）

There seems to be/nobody/who/can work out/the problem/except Tom.9)近来，人们越来越关注校园安全问题。(there is a widespread concern over...)

Recently，there is/a widespread concern/over campus safety.10)有两个原因可以解释这种现象。(account for)

There are/two reasons/that/account for/this phenomenon.11)尽管实现梦想的道路很艰辛，我们仍然在努力地为它创造条件。

（there is a long way to go before..，pave one’s way to sth.为……创造条件）

Although/there is a long way to go/before/we realize our dream, we are still/paving our way to/this goal.4.将下面句子连成一句话

1)There are many people in the street.They are waiting for the bus.（非谓语）

2)There comes the teacher.He holds some books in his hand.（with sth.+介词短语／分

词／不定式）3)There was once a famous detective.He was named Sherlock Holmes.He lived in

London.The time was at the end of the nineteenth century.（现在分词）

4)There will be a lecture.The speaker is Professor Wang.It will be held in the lecture

hall.It aims to improve students’ awareness of environmental protection.(非谓语）

5)There is a woman.She realized her dream of getting a college education at 87.She

篇3：高中英语写作基本句式

一、词汇组块的理论发展

70年前, 语言表达的最小单位已经从“士兵” (词) 升到“班”——“词块” (Mi11er, 1956) 。对于“词块”缺乏稳定性的指责, 语言学家 (Krashen, 1978) 提出“半固定式词群”的说法。“词块”不仅是句子成分的佐料, 还可以是具有特定含义、语境或逻辑表达功能的句子结构, 被称为“带词的句子主干” (Syder, 1983) 或者“公式序列” (Wray, 2000) 。现在, 表述完整又简洁的说法是“词汇组块” (Nattinger and Decarrico, 1992) (Moon, 2002) 。对于中级语言学习者 (intermediate learners) 来说, 语言知识的学习和输入、输出能力的培养已经从“词汇和语法两项基本知识的储备和应用”转向“语块的储存和使用” (Widdowson, 1989) , 一个明显的例子是谚语掌握量的提升。但中级语言学习者对语块的储存体现在除谚语外的很多方面, 包括词语搭配、成分搭配、惯用语、习语、句子功能结构等 (Ellis, 1994) 。

二、句子中的“主位”和“述位”

提高学生英语写作能力的关键一环是要加强句子间的语义和逻辑关系连贯性。语篇连贯对相关问题在功能语言学中 (Halliday, 2008) 得到了较为充分的解答。传统语法强调构建和分析主语、谓语、宾语等句内成分的和单、并和复合句等结构, 功能语法从语篇的角度突出“主位” (被描述已知信息) 和“述位” (用于描述的新信息) , 即信息含义、思维逻辑和语篇连贯的表达诉求铸就了表达方式的约定俗成。主位和述位以“延续” (前句述位作后句的主位) 、“连续” (前后句主位相同) 、“派生” (前句主位是后句主位的上义概念) 和“框架” (前句述位是后几句的主位) 等几种主要方式在语篇中延伸, 认知语言学和语料库语言学等语言学科的发展给这几种延伸方式的使用提供了理论和数据的依据。

三、词汇组块对英语写作的促进作用

在产出方面, 在英语写作教学中代入词汇组块培养模式将提高学生的写作速度和语言输出的流利程度, 增强语言和语篇的组织能力, 加快句子、段落和文章的组织速度, 同时, 加强词汇组块的意识能够帮助语言学习者根据一些语法指令将同词性或同含义范畴的词成批地、创造性地举一反三, 产出一类具有特定表达功能、语境功能或逻辑功能的“词块公式”或“句板公式”参与书面的表达。根据写作心理学的研究发现, “词块”模式减少了构建句子元素的数量, “词块”的种类为语料的记忆、提取、使用提供了索引功能, 加快大脑解码、编码和语言输入的速度, 同时, 在语言输出的充分性和准确性得到保证的情况下, 语言学习者常常可以克服对英语写作的恐惧心理, 从而减少写作虑感, 增强写作热情、自信心和成就感。从语言学习角度来说, “词块介入”的英语写作培养模式能够帮助语言学习者暂时脱离目标语言词汇量的限制, 降低母语迁移的负效应, 走出写作方法和技巧不足的困境, 用更多的创造性思维模式比例 (用于提高语言表达的多样性) 替换批判性思维模式 (用于检查语言错误) 比例。

四、三种功能句式词块

句式1。英语中最常见的主语莫过于用人来做主语, 所以首先要训练的是以人 (sb.) 为主语的基本句式。谓语部分可采用be动词加形容词再加不定式短语的模式, 例如“be willing/unwilling/supposed/likely/motivated/to do”;谓语部分也可采用be动词加形容词再添加介词短语, 形容词和介词短语常为固定搭配, 如“be committed/devoted to doing”, 再如“be passionate/enthusiastic/optimistic/pessimistic about doing”;谓语部分也可采用固定的短语动词词组, 例如“have difficulty in doing”或“go to great lengths to do sth”。所以, 三种情况分别为:“sb.be adj.to do phrase”;“sb.be adj.prep phrase”;“sb.do…prep phrase/to do phrase”。

句式2。在英语写作中, 为了表达的客观性, 句子常用非灵主语 (unanimated subject) , 即用事情 (做事情) 为主语来展开, 但为表达的需要, 也可以巧妙地引入人的概念。如“Accumulating working experience by taking part-time jobs would enable us to make better preparation for our future career” (通过做兼职来积累工作经验可以使我能够为未来的事业做更好的准备) 。总结起来可以构成两种这样的结构:“ (doing) sth.do sb.to do”“ (doing) sth.do sb.from doing”。在这两种结构里, 主语既可以用事物 (sth.) 来做主语, 也可以用事件 (doing sth.) 来做主语。例如“ (doing) sth.needs/requires sb./enables/gets sb.to do和 (doing) sth.stops/discourages sb.from doing”。第一种情况采用不定式作宾语补足语, 说明某事情或事件 (主语) 促使某人 (宾语) 去做了什么事情;第二种情况采用“from doing”作宾语补足语, 说明某事情或事件促使某人不去做或不能做某事, 例如:“This failure enabled me to strengthen my willpower (这场失败使我增强了意志力) ”, “This failure stopped me from trying (这场失败使我放弃了尝试) ”。当然, 在第一种结构里, 不定式也可以采用否定的形式, 表达的含义也变成了“某事情或事件促使某人不去做或不能做某事”, 但不定式常表达发生在未来的动作, 如“This lesson taught children not to use drugs (这个教训教会孩子们不要使用毒品) ”。

句式3。第三个句式主要用于评价, 评价某人做某事或某个事件好与坏、褒与贬, 主语采用复合式不定式或主语从句, 同时采用“it”作形式主语。如“It’s not difficult for us to come up with some related factors to account for this problem (我们不难想出一些相关的因素来解释这个问题) /It’s common to see that many students begin to see the necessity of taking parttime jobs (常见的一点是, 很多学生开始看到做兼职的必要性) ”, 提炼出句式“It is desirable/wise/unwise/advisable/not difficult for sb.to do和It is sad/common/good…to see that sb.Do”。在这两个结构中都引入了人的概念, 第一个句式中的“sb”是真正主语复合式不定式“for/of sb.to do”的一部分, 是该动作的逻辑主语。在第二个句式中, 真正的主语是主语从句, 所以人的概念就是从句中的主语, 除了这两种方式, 我们还可以采用另一种巧妙的结构来引入人的概念, 如“It’s the students’responsibility to give priority to study (学生有责任将学习放在第一位) ”。综上, 这三个结构可以总结如下:“It is adj.for/of sb.to do.”“It is adj.to see that sb.Do.”“It is sb.’s n.to do.”

五、结语

这三个结构也可以适当做一些微调, 这样在写作时就会变得更加灵活。比如, 我们可以去掉第二个句子里的不定式, 只用“that”从句来做主语, 构成“It is adj.that sb.do”的简单结构, 如“It’s universally accepted that we are supposed to make efforts respectively to maintain friendship (众所周知的是我们应该各自努力来维持我们的友谊) ”。事实上, 这种句式在写作中也是经常被使用到的。

参考文献

[1]Miller G.The Magical Number Seven, plus or Minus Two:some Limits on our Capacity for Processing Information.Psychological Review, 1956, 63/2.

[2]Pawley&Krashen, S&Seareella, R.outines and Patterns in Language Acquisition and Performance.Language Learning, 1978, 28/2.

[3]Pawley, A.&Syder, F.Two puzzles for linguistic theory:Nativelike fluency.In Richard, J.&Schmidt, R. (Eds) .Language and Communication.London:Longman, 1983.

[4]Widdowson.H.G.Aspects of language teaching.上海:上海外语教育出版社, 1989.

[5]Nattinger, J.&Decarrico, J.Lexlcal Phrases and Language Teaching.Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1992.

[6]Lewis, M.A Lexical Approach, Language Teaching Publications, 1993.

[7]Ellis, R.The study of second language acquisition, Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1994.

[8]Wray.The Functions of Formulaic Language:An Integrated Model.Language and Communication, 2000, 20 (01) :1-28.

[9]Wray.A formulaic language and the lexicon, Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2002.

[10]Moon, R.Vocabulary connections:multi-word item in English.In Schmitt N.&Me Cathy, M. (Eds) .vocabulary Description, Acquisition and Pedagogy.Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2002.

篇4：英语基本句式

1. 陈述句的构成形式及基本用法；

2. 祈使句的构成形式及基本用法；

3. 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的构成形式及基本用法；

4. 由what, how引导的感叹句的构成形式、用法及区别。

对于各种句子的构成形式及基本用法我们分别进行精讲精练。

一、陈述句的构成形式及基本用法

1. 陈述句：陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人看法（包括肯定和否定）的句子。通常用降调，句末用句号“.”。

Tom has a new car.The flower isn’t beautiful.

2. 陈述句否定式的构成

(1)如果肯定陈述句的谓语部分含有助动词、情态动词或连系动词be，则只需在这些动词后加not即可构成否定式。

He is playing the guitar.（肯定）→He is not playing the guitar.（否定）

We can get there before dark.（肯定）→We can’t get there before dark.（否定）

(2)如果陈述句的谓语动词是实义动词，而其中又没有情态动词或助动词时，则需根据人称和时态在该实义动词前加don’t, doesn’t或didn’t。同时把该实义动词变为原形。

He plays the violin well.（肯定）→He doesn’t play the violin well.（否定）

She won the game.（肯定）→She didn’t win the game.（否定）

(3)如果句子是there be结构或谓语动词是have（有），除了be和have之后加not之外，句中如果有some要变为any。

There is some water in the cup.→There is not any water in the cup.

He has some books.→He has not any books.

(4)除not以外，否定词no, never, nothing, nobody, few等也可构成否定句。

There is something wrong with his bike.→There is nothing wrong with his bike.

I have seen the film.→I have never seen the film.

二、祈使句的构成形式及基本用法

祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议、号召等的句子，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号“！”或句号“.”。朗读时一般用降调。

1. 肯定的祈使句：

（1）祈使句主语是you时，you常省略，但如果要特别强调对方或表达某种强烈的情绪时可以有主语或称呼语。

Be quiet.→You be quiet!

（2）“Do+祈使句”表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。

Do come back at once!

Do be careful.

（3）please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分分开。

Open the window, please.

（4）Let引导祈使句时，后面需跟上人称代词或称呼语，人称代词一般只用第一、第三人称。

Let Jack wait a minute.

Let’s go to school.

（5）在祈使句中，Let’s和 Let us是有区别的。Let’s包括听话者，而Let us不包括听话者在内。这点从反意疑问句时可明显看出。

Let’s go skating, shall we? （表示内部的建议）

Let us try again, will you? （表示向别人发出请求）

2. 否定祈使句通常以Don’t或Never开头。其结构通常是：“Don’t(Never)+动词原形+其他成分”。

Don’t do that again!

Never leave today’s work for tomorrow!

Don’t be late next time!

三、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的构成形式及基本用法

1. 一般疑问句：

（1）一般疑问句的肯定形式

一般疑问句一般是指以助动词、情态动词、be动词或have（有）开始，通常要求以yes，或no来回答的疑问句，一般疑问句读时通常用升调。

Do you know Mr. Smith?

Can you swim?

（2）一般疑问句的否定结构

①在一般疑问句的否定结构中，把副词not放在一般疑问句的主语之后。但如果用not的简略形式-n’t，则须将-n’t与一般疑问句句首的be, have，助动词或情态动词写在一起。在实际运用中，一般都采用简略式。

Are you not a football fan?=Aren’t you a football fan?

Will she not like it?=Won’t she like it?

②与汉语不同的是，英语一般疑问句否定结构的答语是否定还是肯定，全由答语的否定或肯定来决定。若答语是肯定的，则用yes加肯定结构；若答语是否定的，则用no加否定结构。

Aren’t you a football fan? 你不是足球迷吗？

Yes, I am./No, I am not.

Won’t she like it?

Yes, she will./No, she won’t.

2. 特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问句由“疑问代词或疑问副词+一般疑问句”构成，句子一般用倒装语序，但如果主语是疑问代词或由疑问代词修饰时，用陈述句的语序。特殊疑问句不能用yes或no回答，读时用降调。

Who is on duty today?

How long have you been in Beijing?

What time do you get up every morning?

What must I do now?

3. 选择疑问句：

选择疑问句是说话者提出两种或两种以上的不同情况，让对方选择回答的疑问句。其结构是“疑问句+选择部分”。选择部分由or连接，or前面的部分读升调，or后面的部分读降调。选择疑问句不能用yes或no回答，而必须作具体的选择答复。

——Is your bag yellow or black?——It’s black.

——Would you like some tea or coffee? ——Either will do.

——Which do you like better, singing or dancing? ——I like dancing better.

4. 反意疑问句：

反意疑问句是指在陈述句之后附加一个意思与之相反的简短问句，问对方是否赞同的疑问句。附加问句的否定式必须缩写。

（1）肯定的陈述句后跟否定的附加问句，否定的陈述句后跟肯定的附加问句。

I am your teacher, aren’t I?

He didn’t study hard, did he?

（2）如果陈述句中含有否定副词never（从不，决不），hardly（几乎不）或其他表示否定的代词或形容词，如nothing, none, no one, nobody, neither, few, little等，则附加问句只能用肯定式。

They hardly write to each other, do they?

He has found nothing, has he?

Few people knew the secret, did they?

（3）当反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定附加问句”时，英语与汉语的回答习惯存在差异。英语回答时只看实际情况，若答语的具体内容是肯定的就用“Yes+肯定结构”，答语的具体内容是否定的就用“No+否定结构”，而译成汉语时，则必须把yes译成“不是”，把no译成“是的”。

——You won’t be away for long, will you? 你不会离开太久，是吗？

——Yes, I will. 不，我会离开很久。

——No, I won’t. 是的，我不会离开很久。

——I don’t think she’ll come by bike, will she? 我认为她不会骑自行车来，会吗？

——Yes, she will. 不，她会骑自行车来。

——No, she won’t. 是的，她不会骑自行车来。

四、由what, how引导的感叹句的构成形式、用法及区别

感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊异等感情的句子。句末用感叹号“！”，读时用降调，感叹句往往由what或how引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词或动词。

1. what引导的感叹句：

（1）What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语）！

What a beautiful city it is!

What an interesting story she told!

（2）What+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语）！

What expensive watches they are!

What terrible weather it is!

2． How引导的感叹句：

（1）How+形容词/副词+陈述句（主语+谓语）！

How cold it is!How hard he works!

（2）How+陈述句（主语+谓语）！

How he loves his son!How I miss you!

（3）How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语）！

How tall a tree it is!

（4）上述两种感叹句可以互相转换。例如：

What a clever boy he is!→How clever the boy is!

篇5：英语写作常用功能句式

1）When asked about…, the vast /overwhelming majority of/ most/many/ quite a few people say/ think/ believe/ answer that…, but…

当被问及……时，多数（大多数、许多）人认为（回答）……，但是……

2)Nowadays, it is commonly/ widely/ generally believed/ thought/ held that…, but I wonder/ doubt that…

如今，人们普遍认为……，但是我怀疑……

3)When it comes to……, some think/ hold/ believe…

当提及……时，有人认为……

4)Depending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of…, whild others prefer…

基于个人经历、个性类型和情感关注的不同，我们发现有人持……的观点，而另外一些人则更喜欢……

5)It has become apparent to us that…

对我们来说，……已经变得很明显。

6)There is a public/ general debate/ controversy/ discussion today/ nowadays on/ over/ as to the problem/ issue of…

如今，有一场关于……问题的公开的（普遍的）讨论（争论）。

7)With the rapid growth of…, … have/ has become increasingly important in our daily life.随着……的快速增长，……在日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。

8)Recently the issue/ problem/ question/ of… has been brought into focus/ brought to public attention/ in the limelight/ posed among the general public.近来，……的问题已经成为人们关注的焦点。

9)Now there is a growing awareness/ recognition of the necessity to…

如今，人们愈发意识到……的重要性。

10)Nothing/ Few things/ No idea is/ are more/ as foolish/ dangerous/ undesirable/ basic/ essential than/ as… which is widely/ commonly/ generally held by…

普遍认为，没什么能比……更愚蠢（危险、不合时宜、基本、有必要）/没有什么能像……观点这样愚蠢（危险、不合时宜、基本、有必要）。

11)Now people in growing/ significant numbers are beginning/ coming to realize/ accept/ aware that…

如今，越来越多的人意识到……

12)After a good many years of efforts to/ enthusiasm for…, people begin to…

经过许多年的努力/热衷于……多年之后，人们开始……

13)One of the hottest topics many people talk about now is…

人们热烈讨论的话题之一就是……

14)We are often shown/ told these days that….But is this really the case?

近来我们经常听说……,但是情况真的如此吗？

文章结尾句式:

1)From above…

综上所述……

2)Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that…

因此，我们不难得出以下结论……

3)Recognizing the fact that…should lead us to conclude that…

承认……这一事实，我们能得出以下结论……

4)The evidence upon all sides supports/ confirms/ leads to a sound conclusion/ view that… 各方面事实表明/可以得出这样一个合理的结论（看法）……

5)From what has been discussed above/ Based on the points discussed aboved, we may resonably/ safely/ finally draw/ arrive at the conclusion that…

综上所述，我们能得出如下结论……

6)In summary/ conclusion/ a word, it is more important/ valuable we should…

总之，我们应该……,这一点很重要。

7)Taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that…

考虑到所有因素，我们得出结论，……

8)Obviously, if we ignor the problem, chances are good that…will be put in danger.显然，如果我们忽略了这个问题，……很可能会陷入危险境地。

9)It is time that we put an immediate en to the undesirable/ unhealthy/

该是立即结束这一不合时宜的（不健康的）……现象（趋势）的时候了。

10)After pondering this question on many occasions, I have finally arrived at conclusion that… is something I truly want to do and it is worthwhile.在多次考虑这个问题之后，我终于得出结论，……是我真正想去做的，也是值得去做的。

11)Therefore, we have no reason to make a fuss that….All in all…

所以我们没有理由为……大惊小怪。总之，……

12)There is no doubt/ denying that adequate/ immediate/ special attention must be paid to the problem of…

毫无疑问，我么应当充分（马上、特别）关注……问题。

13)Clearly, if we are to…, it is vital/ important/ essential that…

显然，如果我们要想……，……是至关重要的。

14)To be sure, there may be difficulties we cannot overcome, but if we…

确实，有些困难我们无法克服，但如果我们能够……的话，……

15)There is no better time to act than right now, for you will never be offered a greater opportunity than you are at this time.现在是行动起来的最好时机，因为你再也不会遇到一个比现在更好的机遇了。

16)In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of….Only in this way can… in the future.总之，全社会都应该密切关注……，只有这样将来才能……

17)The dilema is something no one can avoid/ duck/ run away from.Properly handled, however, we will…

这一难题是任何人都不可能避免的。但只要处理得当，我们就会……

过渡概括句式

1)To understand the truth of…, it is necessary to analyze…

为了了解……的真相，有必要分析……

2)To get a full appreciation of what/ how…, we must/ have to turn first to…

为了充分理解……，我们应该首先看一下……

3)To illustrate/ prove/ show this point, let me develop my argument…

为了说明这一点，首先来讨论一下……

4)A study of …, perhaps, will make this point clear.研究一下……的情况也许会说明这一点。

5)But, you may ask, why is…important/ indispensible/ necessary?

但你或许会问，为什么……很重要（必不可少、有必要）？

6)Another equally important aspect/ function is…

另一个同样重要的方面（作用）是……

7)Closely connected with/ related to/ associated with this factor is…

与这个因素密切相关的另一个因素是……

8)…may further be supported by…

……可以进一步证实……

9)…is but one of many effects/ pressures.Another is…

……只不过是其中一个作用（压力）。另一个是……

10)Besides/ In addition to/ Apart from this, other ways/ aspects/ functions are…

除此之外，另外一些方法（方面、作用）是……

11)Moreover,/ Furthermore,/ What’s more,/ Worse still,…

此外（更糟的是）……

12)So do(does)/ is(are)…

……也一样。

13)No less important/ harmful is…

同样重要（有害）的是……

14)It would be foolish/ absurd to argue/ think/ believe that….And it would be more foolish/ absurd to argue that…

篇6：英语说明文写作句式

1．表示原因

1）There are three reasons for this．

2）The reasons for this are as follows．

3）The reason for this is obvious．

4）The reason for this is not far to seek．

5）The reason for this is that．．．

6）We have good reason to believe that．．．

例如： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．

注：如写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。

2．表示好处

1）It has the following advantages．

2）It does us a lot of good．

3）It benefits us quite a lot．

4）It is beneficial to us．

5）It is of great benefit to us．

例如： Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．

3．表示坏处

1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．

2）It does us much harm．

3）It is harmful to us．

例如： However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．

4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能

1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb．to do sth．

2）We think it necessary to do sth．

3）It plays an important role in our life．

例如： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon，computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．

5．表示措施

1）We should take some effective measures．

2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．

3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．

4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．

例如： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．

6．表示变化

1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．

2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications．

3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．

例如： Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．

雅思写作的基本句式(下)

7．表示事实、现状

1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．

2）No one can deny the fact that．．．

3）There is no denying the fact that．．．

4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．

5）However，that’s not the case．

例如： We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems，we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．

8．表示比较

1）Compared with A，B．．．

2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．

3）There is a striking contrast between them．

例如： Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．

9．表示数量

1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．

2）The population in this city has now increased（decreased）to 800，000．

3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．

例如： With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．

再如：

From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．

10．表示看法

1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth．

2）People have different opinions on this problem．

3）People take different views of（on）the question．

4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．

例如： People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．

Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However，others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．

再如：

Do “lucky numbersreally bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．

注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。

11．表示结论

1）In short，it can be said that ．．．

2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．

3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．例如：From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however，its method should be improved．

注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。

12．套语

1）It’s well known to us that ．．．

2）As is known to us，．．．

3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．

4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．．

5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．

例如： As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．

The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower．As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate．