初二英语下总结范文

2024-06-24

初二英语下总结范文(共5篇)

篇1:初二英语下总结范文

人教版初中英语初二下 全册单元要点小结

Unit 15 What do people eat? 单元小结

简单句的五种基本句型 1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)[S + V] 如:The children are playing happily.孩子们正在高兴地玩。

2.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O] 如:The Greens enjoy living in China.格林一家喜欢住在中国。3.主语+谓语+表语 [S+V+P] 该句型谓语动词为连系动词。常见的系动词有:be(是); get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎)等。如:

① He became a famous doctor.他成为了一名著名的医生。

② The apple pie tastes really delicious.苹果派吃起来真是好吃。

4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+InO+DO] 这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语,既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,但要加介词for或to。如:

① My aunt bought me a computer.= My aunt bought a computer for me.我阿姨买给我一台电脑。

② I passed him the salt.= I passed the salt to him.我把盐递给他。

5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC] 如:We must keep our school clean.我们必须保持我们的学校清洁。

Unit 16 单元小结

情态动词can的用法 情态动词can只有:can和过去式could两种形式,后面跟动词原形,用于一切人称和单、复数。

1.表示客观条件的许可,意思是“可以”。如:-Can I borrow your bike for today? 我可以借你的自行车用一天吗?-Yes, you can.行。-No, you can‟t.不行。

2.表示具有某种能力,意思是“会”“能”=(be able to)。如:He can speak English.他会讲英语。

3.与否定词not连用,表示否定的推测,意为“不可能”。如:He can‟t be only fifteen.他不可能只有十五岁。

情态动词may的用法

情态动词 may有:may现在式和might过去式两种形式,后面跟动词原形,用于一切人称和单、复数。

1.表示说话人同意,或在疑问句中征求对方许可。意思是“可以”。如: You may take it away.你可以把它拿走。

【注】否定式常用must not(mustn‟t),表示“不可以”“不许”。如:You mustn‟t smoke here.你不可以在这里吸烟。

2.表示可能性,意为“可能”。如:

He may not come tomorrow.明天他可能不来。

【注】could和might有时作为can和may的过去式,而是表示语气更为客气或委婉。如: Could you tell me how to get to the cinema, please? 你可以告诉我去电影院的路怎么走吗?

Unit 17 You must be more careful 单元小结

情态动词must的用法 情态动词must只有一种形式must,只用于一般现在时和一般将来时,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。

1.表示义务或必要性,意思是“应该,必须”,通常用于肯定句及疑问句。如:

You must close the windows when you leave the classroom.你离开教室时一定要关好窗户。

2.must的否定形式是mustn‟t,意思是“不应该、禁止”,语气较强烈。如: You mustn‟t smoke here.你不许在这里吸烟。

3.由must引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn‟t或don‟t have to,但不可以用mustn‟t。如:-You must go there on foot, mustn‟t you? 你必须走着去那里,是吗?-Yes, I must.是的。

-No, I needn‟t./No, I don‟t have to.不是的。

4.表示说话人对事情进行的肯定推测,意思是“一定、准是”。否定句用can‟t。如: He must be a teacher.他一定是个老师。

【注】must表示推测时,其反意疑问句疑问部分不能用must,而要与它后面的动词保持一致。如:

David must have a sister, doesn‟t he? 大卫肯定有个妹妹,是吗?

由when, before, after, if等连词引导的时间和条件状语从句当主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时。如:

If it rains, we won‟t go there.如果下雨,我们就不去。

Unit 18 Seeing the doctor 单元小结

情态动词have to的用法 1.have to意为“不得不”“必须”,后面跟动词原形;第三人称单数形式是has to,过去式是had to,将来式是will have to。如:

He has to go to school now.他现在必须去上学。

2.含有have to的句子否定式通常是在have to前加don‟t, doesn‟t或didn‟t;疑问句通常是在主语前加do, does或did。如:

You don‟t have to tell Jim about it.你不必告诉吉姆这件事。3.have to与must的区别:

have to和must都表示“必须”。have to有人称、数和时态的变化,而must没有人称、数和时态的变化;have to常表示因外界客观因素所致,而must表示说话人的主观看法。另外,have to有多种时态,而must一般只用于现在时。如: ① It‟s raining hard.You have to take the raincoat.雨下得很大,你必须带上雨衣。

② I must be off.Thank you for your help.我得走了。谢谢你的帮助。

系动词的用法

1.连系动词在句子中与其后表语一起构成谓语,表语一般是名词、形容词、副词或介词词组。

2.常见系动词有:be动词;表示状态变化:become, get, grow, fall, turn等;表示感觉:feel, taste, look, smell, sound, seem等。【Unit 15单元小结讲解3】

Unit 19 A visit to an island 单元小结 复合不定代词的用法

1.some, any, every, no都能和one, body, thing一起构成代词,这些代词叫复合不定代词。它们基本含义为: 指

人 somebody someone 某人 anybody anyone 任何人 everybody everyone每人 nobody no one 没人

指物 Something某物某事 anything任何事物 everything一切 nothing没东西

2.一般情况下,some构成的复合不定代词,其作用和some相同,用于肯定句;any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句;no构成的复合不定代词表示否定含义,用于否定句。如:

① I have something to tell you.我有事要告诉你。

② He didn‟t say anything at the meeting yesterday.昨天在会上他没发言。③ Everybody likes swimming.每个人都喜欢游泳。④ There is nothing wrong with your ears.你耳朵没毛病。

3.something可用于提建议或请求的问句中,以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答的问句中。如: Would you like something to eat? 你要吃点东西吗?

4.复合不定代词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如: Nobody knows his name.没有人知道他的名字。5.不定代词的定语要后置。如:

Is there anything important in today‟s newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗?

Unit 20 Mainly revision 单元小结

情态动词need的用法

1.need作为情态动词表示“需要”“必须”,没有人称、数和时态的变化,主要用于否定句和疑问句。如:

He said he need not hurry.他说他不必匆忙。

2.need的否定形式needn‟t常用来回答以must提问的一般疑问句的否定回答。如:-Must I give the book back in two days? 我应该在两天里归还这本书吗?-No, you needn‟t.不,不用。

3.need主要作实义动词,后面接带to的动词不定式,有人称、数和时态的变化。如: You don‟t need to stay.你没有必要留下。

时间、条件状语从句的时态

1.当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时时,从句要用一般现在时。如:

We‟ll have a picnic if it doesn‟t rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨我们将要去野餐。2.主句的谓语动词是“情态动词+动词原形”时,从句也要用一般现在时。如: When the lights are red, the traffic must stop.红灯亮时,车辆必须停下。3.主句是祈使句时,从句也要用一般现在时。如:

Please close the window before you leave the classroom.在你离开教室前请关好窗户。4.主句谓语用一般过去时时,从句也要用一般过去时。如:They talked about the party after people left.人们离开后,他们谈论这次晚会的情况。

Unit 21 She taught herself 单元小结

句子的分类:

1.句子按其用途可分为下列4种类型:陈述句;疑问句;祈使句;感叹句。2.按其结构可分为下列3种类型:

① 简单句:由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成的句子。

② 并列句:由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起组成的句子。③ 复合句:由主句和其它从句组成的句子。

并列句及并列连词

常见的并列连词有:and表示并列或承接;so表示因果;but表示转折;or表示选择或转折等。如:①He spoke, and all was still.他一说话,大家都肃静了。②It was late, so I went home.天晚了,因此我就回家去了。

③We love peace but we have to fight for it.我们热爱和平,但我们必须去争取它。④Hurry up, or else we‟ll be late.赶快,不然就晚了。

反身代词的用法

1.单数:myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself 复数:ourselves, yourselves, themselves 2.用法:①作动词或介词的宾语。如:

The child can dress himself.这小孩会自己穿衣服。②作同位语,意为“亲自”“本人”。如: I myself did the work.我亲自做的这件事。

Unit 22 The sports meeting 单元小结

形容词、副词的比较等级

1.形容词、副词比较等级的构成:形容词、副词比较等级有原级、比较级、最高级。原级既形容词或副词的本身,比较级和最高级有规则和不规则变化。【具体变化见本书第三册第三、四单元单元小结。】

2.原级的用法:表示双方程度相等,用“as…as”,意为“和…一样”;表示双方程度不相等用“not so(as)…as”,意思是“和…不一样”或“不如…”。如:①It is as cold as it was yesterday.今天和昨天一样冷。

②Jim didn‟t jump so far as Li Lei.吉姆跳得没有李雷高。

3.比较级的用法:表示两个人或事物的比较用比较级。基本句式为:主语+谓语+比较级+than+比较对象。注意比较双方的性质要一致。如: Your jacket is longer than mine.你的夹克比我的长。

4.最高级的用法:表示三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较用最高级。基本句式为:主语+谓语+最高级+比较范围。比较范围常由of或in词组构成,of指同类人或物;in指地方或单位。如:

She did best in the test of all the students in his class.在他班里所有同学中,她在这次考试中考得最好。

【注】副词最高级前不加the。

5.有时原级、比较级和最高级之间可互相转换。如: She is not as tall as her brother.她比她弟弟矮。=She is shorter than her brother.还有Lesson 86讲解2的情况等。

Unit 23 A famous person 单元小结

冠词及其用法

冠词是位于名词之前,说明名词说指的人或物的一种虚词。分不定冠词(a, an)和定冠词(the)两种。不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的单词之前;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。1.不定冠词的用法:

不定冠词用于可数名词单数形式前。表示某一类人或事物;或指某人或某物但不具体说明何人何物。如:①A bike is very useful in the countryside.自行车在农村里很有用。②A Wang is looking for you.一位姓王的同志组正在找你。2.定冠词的用法:

①表示特指某(些)人或物,或者说话双方共同所指的人或物。如:The flowers in Mary‟s garden are very sweet.玛丽花园中的花很香。

②表示上文已经提到的人或物。如:

The old lady has a son and a daughter.The son is a doctor.The daughter is a teacher.老太太有一个儿子一个女儿,儿子是个医生,女儿是教师。③在序数词和形容词最高级前。如:the first第一 ④在世界上独一无二的事物前。如:the earth地球 ⑤在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如: the Summer Palace 颐和园

⑥在姓氏复数前表示“一家人”;在形容词前表示“某一类人。如:the Browns 布朗一家人

the rich 富人

3.冠词还用在习语中:a little一些 on the left在左边

Unit 24 What were they doing? 单元小结

过去进行时的用法(一)

过去进行时由“was/were+现在分词”构成。表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。其用法有:

1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。如:

I was doing my homework at eight o‟clock last night.昨晚八点我正在做作业。2.表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作。如:

They were building a house last winter.去年冬天他们在建一座房子。3.表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作。常与always等词连用。如:

Little Tom was always asking many questions.小汤姆总是会问许多的问题。

4.动词come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置转移的动词用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。如:They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.他们想知道我们什么时候去上海。

过去进行时和一般过去时的用法比较:

一般过去时强调过去某个时候或某段时间曾有过的某个已结束的动作;过去进行时则强调过去某个时候或某段时间正在进行的动作。如:

Lily wrote a letter to her aunt last night.莉莉昨晚给她阿姨写了封信。(信已写完了。)Lily was writing a letter to her aunt last night.莉莉昨晚一直在给她阿姨写信。(强调写的动作一直在进行,信不一定写完。)

Unit 25 The accident

单元小结

五种时态的总结 时态 含义 构成 时态标志

一般现在时 表示经常、反复发生的动作 动词原形动词第三人称单数形式 always, usually, sometimes, every day 现在进行时 表示正在进行或发生的动作 is/am/are+动词的现在分词 look, listen, now … 一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作 will+动词原形;is/am/are going to+动词原形 tomorrow, next week, …

一般过去时 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态 动词过去式 yesterday, last night, a moment ago …

过去进行时 表示在过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行的动作 was/were +现在分词 this time yesterday, at noon last Sunday …

动词时态中需要注意的几点

1.表示客观真理、事实要用一般现在时。

2.在时间和条件状语从句中必须用一般现在时不是将来的动作或存在的状态。3.表示不以人的意志为转移的将来时只能用will,不可以用be going to。

4.动词go, come, leave, start, arrive等可用一般现在时或现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。

Unit 26 Mainly revision 单元小结

英语情景对话中的中西文化差异

我们在用英语进行交际时,往往会将汉语的思维方式、表达习惯、文化习俗转移到英语中,导致表达不正确。注意下列几种情况:

1.当你受到赞扬时,答谢时不能“自谦”或“自贬”,而应该高兴地接受他人的赞扬。如:-Your English is very good.误:-No, my English is very poor.正:-Thank you./Very glad to hear that.2.当别人因你的帮忙表示感谢时,回答时不好说“这是我该做的”等。应该接受对方的谢意。如:-Thank you for helping me.误:-It‟s my duty.正:It‟s my pleasure./My pleasure.3.当你接受别人的礼物时,不可以说“真不好意思,让你破费了”等之类的话。应该诚恳的收下,当面打开礼物并说一些表示欣赏的话。如:-Here is the birthday present for you.误:-I‟m really ashamed of myself.You shouldn‟t spend so much money.正:-It‟s so nice of you.Thank you very much.4.在就餐时,不好说“多吃点”或“多喝点”来表示热情、好客。如:-I enjoy the meal very much.误:-If you really think so, eat slowly, eat more.正:-Help yourself, please.

篇2:初二英语下总结范文

一.知识点总结: 一般将来时

一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。

be going to do(动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain.will do 结构表示将来的用法:

1.表示预见

Do you think it will rain?

You will feel better after a good rest.2.表示意图

I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成:

(1)will+主语+do„? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?

(2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be „?

Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will./ No, there won‟t

否定句构成:will + not(won’t)+do

Sarah won‟t come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑问句构成:

特殊疑问词+will+主语+„?What will Sarah do next Sunday?

根据例句,用will改写下列各句

例:I don’t feel well today.(be better tomorrow)

I‟ll be better tomorrow.1.Gina has six classes today.(have a lot of homework tonight)

_____________________________

2.I’m tired now.(sleep later)

_____________________________

3.My parents need a new car.(buy one soon)

_____________________________

4.We can’t leave right now.(leave a little later)

_____________________________

5.The weather is awful today.(be better tomorrow)

_____________________________ 答案:1.She’ll have a lot of homework tonight.2.I‟ll sleep later.3.They‟ll buy one soon.4.We‟ll leave a little later.5.Maybe it‟ll be better tomorrow.(二)should的用法:

should用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在should后边加not.例如:I think you should eat less junk food.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。

She drives a lot and she seldom walks.So I think she should walk a lot.她经常开车,很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。

Students shouldn‟t spend too much time playing computer games.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。

学习向别人提建议的几种句式:

(1)I think you should„

(2)Well, you could„

(3)Maybe you should „

(4)Why don’t you„?

(5)What about doing sth.?

(6)You’d better do sth.用should或shouldn’t填空

1.I can‟t sleep the night before exams.You ______ take a warm shower before you go to bed.2.Good friends ______ argue each other.3.There is little milk in the glass.We _______ buy some.4.They didn‟t invite you? Maybe you ______ be friendlier.5.I am a little bit overweight.So I think I _______ do exercises every day.答案:1.should 2.shouldn’t 3.should 4.should 5.should

(三)过去进行时

过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。

1.构成

was /were + doing,例如:

I was watching TV at 9 o‟clock last night.at 9 o’clock last night是时间点

They were playing football all afternoon.all afternoon是时间段

2.过去进行时的标志词

at 8 o’clock last night, this time yesterday等。例如:

I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。

At that time she was writing a book.那阵子她在写一本书。(表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。)用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.This time yesterday I ____ ______(read)books.2.At 9 o’clock last Sunday they ______ ______(have)a party.3.When I _____(come)into the classroom, she ________ ______(read)a storybook.4.She _____ ______(play)computer games while her mother ____ ______(cook)yesterday afternoon.5.I _____ ______(have)a shower when you _______(call)me yesterday.答案:1.was reading 2.were having 3.came;was reading

4.was playing;was cooking 5.was having;called

(四)间接引语 形成步骤:

(1)不要逗号,冒号,引号

(2)要考虑到人称的变化(人称的变化与汉语是一致的)

(3)要考虑时态的变化

(4)要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。

1.直接引语变成间接引语时,几个主要时态的变化规律 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时

2.直接引语变成间接引语时,一些词汇的变化规律 直接引语

1.am / is 2.are

3.have / has 4.will 5.can 6.may 间接引语 1.was 2.were

3.had 4.would 5.could 6.might 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.She said I _____(be)hard-working.2.Peter told me he _____(be)bored yesterday.3.She said she _____(go)swimming last Sunday.4.Bobby said he _____(may)call me later.5.Antonio told me he _____(read)a book then.答案:1.was 2.was 3.went 4.might 5.was reading

请转述他人说的话:

1.I go to the beach every Saturday.(Tom)

2.I can speak three languages.(Lucy)

3.I will call you tomorrow.(Mike)

4.I’m having a surprise party for Lana.(she)

(五)if引导的条件状语从句

结构:if+一般现在时,主语+将来时 含义:如果„„,将要„„

例如:If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请求他,他会帮助你。

If need be, we‟ll work all night.如果需要,我们就干个通宵。

根据中文提示,完成句子。

1.如果你参加聚会,你将会过得很开心。

If you ________ the party, you __________.2.如果明天下雨,我们将不去野餐。

If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.3.如果你经常听英文歌,你将会喜欢英语的。

If you often ________, you _________________.答案:

1.If you go to the party, you will have a good time

2.If it rains tomorrow, we won‟t go to the picnic

3.If you often listen to English songs, you‟ll like English

二.完形填空特点及解题思路

(一)题型分类与特点

完形填空试题是在给出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干个词,留下一些空格,要求考生借助短文保留的部分,从所给的短文整体出发,在正确理解短文意思的基础上,根据句子和句子间的内在联系、词的用法和习惯搭配等,用适当的词或词语填空,使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。这种题型测试的内容从形式上看是单词或短语的填空,但它必须注意到短文中上、下文意思连贯、词语搭配和语法结构正确,所以在空格上所填的词必须符合语义适用和语法正确两条原则,只考虑某一侧面都可能导致错误。中考中完形填空试题的基本题型分两类:完形填空选择题和完形填空题。

1.完形填空选择题:该题型的特点是将一篇短文中若干词语抽掉留下空格,对每一空格提供若干个选择项,要求考生通读短文后,在理解短文意思的基础上,运用所学的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识,从所提供的备选项中选出一个最佳答案,使短文内容完整正确。中考完形填空主要以这种题型为主。它所给的短文一般与初中英语教材难易程度相当,字数在150-200个单词之内,多数设置10个左右空格,所设考点涉及词汇、语法及对短文内容的理解。短文的第一句一般不设空,以期提供一个语境,对每一空格设置的选项基本都属于相同或对等的词类,给判定选择带来一定的干扰,侧重考查了考生准确运用词汇的能力及对短文的整体理解和逻辑推理能力。

2.选词填空题:该题型的特点是把抽出的词打乱顺序,不按原文顺序排列,放在短文前面或后面的方框内,有时还增加几个文外的词,要求考生从中选出适当的词以正确的形式填入短文空格内。(A)

Jack wanted to ask for two days off,he had only learnt the phrase(短语)“have a day off”.He , then he had an idea.“Grandmother is ill.May I have a day off, ? ”he asked the teacher.“Of course, you can.”replied(答复)the teacher at once.After a while, the boy came to

at the teacher‟s door.“May I have a day off 5 ? ”The teacher was very surprised, “Didn‟t you

it just now? ”“Yes, sir.But I can‟t be here , either.”The teacher understood him and could not help.Then he said with a smile, “Why didn‟t you say„May I have two days off? ‟”The boy answered quickly

a loud voice.“But you only

us„have a day off!‟”()1.A.but

B.and

C.or

D.for()2.A.thought hardly

B.thought hard and hard

C.hard thought

D.thought and thought()3.A.Miss B.sir

C.teacher D.Mr()4.A.strike B.best

C.hit

D.knock()5.A.also B.again

C.too

D.once()6.A.speak B.tell

C.say

D.do()7.A.tomorrow

B.the day after tomorrow

C.yesterday

D.the day before yesterday

()8.A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughed D.laughing()9.A.with B.on

C.in

D.by()10.A.teach B.taught

C.are teaching D.were teaching

(B)

请根据内容从所给的15个单词中选出最恰当的10个填入空白处,使短文完整,有些词要根据需要作适当的词形变化。

than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love, composition, understand, to, that, much, for, what

A generation gap(代沟)has become a serious problem.I read a _______(1)about it in the newspaper.Some children have killed _______(2)after quarrels(争吵)with parents.I think this is _______(3)they don’t have a good talk with each other.Parents now spend _______(4)time in the office._______(5)they don’t have much time to stay with their children.As time passes, they both feel _______(6)they don’t have the same topics(话题)to talk about.I want to _______(7)parents to be more with your children, get to know them and understand them.And for children, show your feeling _______(8)your parents.They are the people who _______(9)you.So tell them your thoughts(想法).In this way, you can have a better _______(10)of each other.完形填空选择题的一般解题思路是:

1.跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格,通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文,获得整体印象,做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨,较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择,切忌仓促下笔。

2.结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上,再结合所给备选项细读全文,联系上、下文内容,注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示,以词、句的意义为先,再从分析句子结构入手,根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑,对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选,排除干扰项、初步选定答案。

3.瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做,一下子不能确定答案的,先跳过这一空格,继续往下做,最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文,随着对短文理解的深入,可以降低试题的难度,提高选择的正确率。

4.复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后,把所选的答案代入原文,再把全文通读一篇,逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确,是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的,应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。完形填空试题的一般解题思路是:

1.跳过空格、通读短文、了解大意。解题时先跳过空格,通读完形填空的短文,了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句,善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点,理清文脉,推测全文主题及大意。

2.复读短文、确定语义、判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文,利用上下文的语境,结合所学过的知识,先确定空格处所需词语的意义,再根据空格在句子中的位置,判断其在句中充当的成分,从而确定所填词的词性,再依据词语搭配和语法规则,判断所填的词的正确形式。

3.三读短文、上下参照、验证答案。在短文的每一空白处填上一个词后,将完成的短文再细读一遍,上下参照,连贯思考。把所填的答案放入短文中进行检验,可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证,凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。

(三)课文阅读指导

1.初中阅读

阅读理解能力

(1)理解主旨要义

(2)理解文中具体信息

(3)根据上下文猜测生词的意义

(4)做出简单判断的推理

(5)理解文章的基本结构

(6)理解作者的意图和态度

2.培养良好阅读习惯

(1)扩大视距

(2)克服声读

(3)克服逐字读

3.猜测词文

(1)通过标题或主题句进行预测

(2)文章的标题或主题句可包括作者的意图和倾向、篇章的总体意义和深层意义,因此通过文章标题或主题句进行预测,以便正确理解。

(3)通过语篇标记进行预测

(4)语篇标记包括关联词、转换词也包括其他关键词。

(5)利用背景知识预测

(6)利用图片进行预测

【模拟试题】(答题时间:80分钟)一.选择填空。

()1.Beijing won the chances _________ the 2008 Olympics.A.to host

B.host

C.hosting D.hosted()2.Tiger Woods can make billions ______ dollars a year.A.for B.with C.of D.on()3.-You looked so beautiful at the party.-_______.A.No, I don‟t think so

B.Of course

C.Thank you very much

D.No, I‟m not beautiful

()4.The text is very easy for you.There are ______ new words in it.A.a few B.a little C.few D.little()5.In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper ________ “Who Moved My cheese”was an interesting book.A.that B.what C.how D.if()6.-In our English study reading is more interesting than speaking, I think.-I don’t agree.Speaking is _______ reading.A.as important as B.so important as

C.the more important D.the most important()7.If he ________ harder, he’ll catch up with us.A.work B.works C.worked D.will work()8.The manager ________ that the business would be worse after the stock(股票)went down.A.talked B.told C.said D.spoke()9.We should keep _________ in the reading-room.A.quiet B.quietly C.quite D.quickly()10.-I think everything goes on well.-_______.A.So I do B.I do so C.So do I

D.So is I

()11.If you want to watch TV, you may turn _______.A.down B.it on C.on it D.it off

()12.I’m sorry I haven’t got any money.I’ve ________ my handbag at home.A.missed B.left C.put D.forgotten()13.He is listening to the music _______ she is washing clothes.A.after B.before C.that D.while()14.It takes ________ time to go to Beijing by plane than by train.A.more B.fewer C.longer D.less()15.-Excuse me.Have you got an eraser?

-Sorry, I haven’t.Why _______ you ask Mary? Perhaps she’s got one.A.do B.don‟t C.did D.didn‟t

二.选择恰当的答语。

_____1.What were you doing when the UFO landed?

A.Your teacher won‟t let you in._____2.Will people use paper

B.He said I couldn‟t stay out late.money in the future?

_____3.I can‟t sleep, what should I do?

C.I was doing my homework._____4.If I wear jeans to school,D.No, they won‟t.Everyone

what will happen?

will have a credit card._____5.What did your father say?

E.You should listen to some

relaxing music.三.根据汉语提示填空:

1.不知道该怎么办,你能给我点建议吗?

I don‟t know __________ to do, can you give me some _______?

2.外星人正在买纪念品的时候,我给警察打了个电话。

While the alien was _______ a souvenir, I ________ the police.3.我放学回家的路上,看见一只猫从窗户里跑了出来。

On my way home from school, I saw a cat get ________ _______ a window.4.我不想在电话里跟你谈论这件事情。

I don‟t want to talk _________ it with you _________ the phone.5.我们要在周五晚上为约翰举办一个惊喜的晚会。

We are going to have a _______ party for John ________ Friday evening.四.完形填空:

把下面五个句子放在文章中的恰当位置,使文章完整。

Three men went up in a balloon(气球).They started early in London.The headman was Ted, and the other two men were Davy and Emilio.Soon they heard the sea.They were carrying the usual rope(绳子), and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon.At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box.This could hold water, or it could be empty.So.It was for use over the sea.They were also carrying some bags of sand.After the sun rose, the balloon went higher.It went up to 3,000 metres, and.The water in the balloon became ice.Snow fell past the men‟s basket, and they could see more snow on the ground., but it was hard.They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy.The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand.One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.At last they pulled the box into the basket.It was still snowing;so.They rose to 5,100 metres!Everything became icy.They were so cold that they decided to land.They came down in Poland heavily but safely.They had travelled 1,797 kilometres from London!A.The men tried to throw out some more sand

B.they were able to change its weight(重量)

C.They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.D.they climbed to get away from the snow E.the air there was very cold

五.阅读理解(A)

Einstein Was Waiting for His Friend

Once Einstein was waiting for one of his friends on a bridge.He was thinking a oblem.While he was waiting, it began to rain.The rain kept on for some time.When Einstein took out a piece of paper from his pocket to write something down, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining.His clothes had become wet.But after he put the paper into his pocket, he forgot he was standing in the rain again.Many scientists are not careful with their lives.This is because they are too careful with their studies.1.What did Einstein do? He was ______.A.a doctor B.a teacher C.a scientist

2.Why was Einstein on a bridge.A.Because he was writing something on the bridge.B.Because he was waiting for a friend.C.Because he was thinking.3.It rained _________.A.sometimes B.for some time C.for a long time

4.Einstein ________ and began to write something on it.A.bought a piece of paper.B.took a piece of paper from his car.C.took out a piece of paper from his pocket.5.Which is true?

A.Einstein was careful with his work.B.Einstein was careful with his clothes.C.Einstein was careful with his friends.(B)

生活中总会有许多意外事故发生,懂得急救或自救是非常重要的。请阅读下面材料,根据1-5小题所描述的救护方法,从A-G七幅图中找出与题意相应的图画(本题共有七幅图,你只能选五幅图,多选不给分。)

1.If the person has stopped breathing, you must try to start his / her breathing at once.The best thing is to use the mouth-to-mouth way.Lay the person on his / her back and breathe into his / her mouth.2.If the person is bleeding(流血)badly, you must try to stop the bleeding.Press on the bleeding point with a piece of clean cloth and hold up the part of the body which is bleeding.3.If you are bitten(cut by teeth)by an animal, wash the cut under cold running water.Cover the broken part, if there is any, with a piece of clean cloth.Then see a doctor as soon as possible.4.If you are burnt(hurt by fire or something very hot), cool the burnt part at once.Run cool(not cold)water over the burn until it is less painful.Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burnt part.5.If there is a fire, never use a lift in the building, because it‟s very dangerous.The lift may get trapped between floors.Use the stairs and leave the building at once.1._____2._____3._____4._____5._____ Here are some pictures to choose.六.写作:

(从下列2封来信中选择一封写回信。)Dear friend,There will be a party this weekend.All my friends are invited to the party except me.I am angry.And I don‟t know why they didn‟t invite me!What do you think? Can you help me? Upset

Dear friend,I am a new student in Grade One, but my English is too bad.Yesterday I had an English test and my grade was just so so.I want to improve my English.What should I do? Could you give me some advice? Looking for help

Dear _______,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.【试题答案】

(A)1.A 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.B

6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.B(B)1.report 2.themselves 3.because

4.much / more 5.So 6.that 7.tell

8.to 9.love 10.understanding 参考练习答案:

一.1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.D

6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C

11.B 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.B 二.1.C 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.B 三.1.what, advice 2.buying, called

篇3:浅谈新课程标准下的初二英语教学

【关键词】新课程标准 英语教学

新课程标准的实施对每个初中英语教师都提出了挑战,它要求教师必须从新课程标准出发,结合本班学生的实际情况,探索与新课程标准和本班学生学情相适应的教学方法,改正传统初中英语教学中的问题,创造性地使用新教材,提高学生的素质,让学生的合作、交流、语言技能都获得发展的机会。为此,本文结合我班实际情况,对新课程标准下初二英语教学策略进行分析。

一、培养兴趣

英语是一门语言学科,兴趣学好语言学科的重要因素。尤其对于英语成绩较差的学生,更应该重视提高学生学习英语的兴趣,转变学生对学习英语的态度。我班学生的英语学习成绩较差,某英语考试中,只有15人及格,试卷满分120分,班上最高分只有93分,最低分18分。我班多数学生在英语学习上存在厌学、不端正的态度,且造成该问题的根源就在于学生的英语基础差,在学习中遇到困难后易受到挫折,学习中获得更多的失败和挫折感。提高学生学习英语的兴趣,教师可从三方面入手。(1)夯实学生的基础。针对基础薄弱问题,教学过程中教师需要以因材施教为原则,以学生的接受能力为基础,注重基础知识的强化学习。同时考虑到学生的理解能力较差,教师应将生僻的用于转变为通俗词语。在重点知识教学完成后,教师应给学生消化新知识的时间,或使用简单的例题讲解,使学生对知识点有更好的认知。(2)制定简单的习题,让学生体验成功,增强学生学习的信心,在成功的体验中培养对英语的兴趣。对学困生而言,失败的挫折感是学生对英语失去信心、缺乏动力的主要原因。因而教师课堂提出的问题或布置的习题应具有层次性,让学困生也能参与课堂教学,并能从中获得成功的体验。对学生的进步给予鼓励和肯定,坚定学习英语的决心。(3)多表扬和鼓励,少批评和惩罚。许多学生由于英语基础差而不知道怎样回答问题,担心犯错。因而教师需要多表扬和鼓励学生的发言,及时回答错误也需要鼓励学生勇于举手回答问题的用力,让学生不怕犯错,敢于发言,从而增强学生积极参与课堂的信息、兴趣。

二、丰富教学方法

新课改要求教师转变传统教学方法,创新教学方式,让学生成为课堂的主体,使消极学习变为主动学习。对于我班英语基础较差的基本情况,被动的灌输式教育更不利于提高学生的英语能力。更应该转变教学方法,用更为灵活的教学方法提高学生的适应课堂教学的能力。在导入环节中,教师可通过直观的教具创设情境。例如笔者在讲解“Greetings and Introductions”课时中,笔者将学生进行分组,让学生分为两组,从而让学生掌握关于introduction的一些固定词组和句型,学生在具体的对话中也能更快的掌握知识点。在“What’s the matter”中的“Listen and match the problems with the advice”中,教师要求两名学生通过对话的形式,分别用一下词或词组造句。例如学生A:What’s the matter?学生B回答:I have a fever。学生A回应:You should drink lots of water。通过这种新式让学生更好地掌握教学内容。

三、提高对教材的认识,把握教材本质

随着新课标的推行,初二英语教材也做出相应的变化。新教材的应用目的在于适应新课标对教学的要求。基于教材的变化,教师也需要对教材有更为深入的认识,熟悉教材内容和结构,把握教材的本质内容。因此,教师要做好备课,吃透和消化吸收教材内容,并在教学事件环节中不断摸索,使教材的基本内容内化为教师的思想中,并将课本教材与实际事物相结合,将教育与生活相结合,实现寓教于乐,提高教学效率和教学质量。对于这一点,教师不能只依据教材进行备课,还需要将与教材内容相关的边缘学科作为备课内容,深化教材内容。以《Pollution Fighters》为例,教学内容不能仅仅局限在学生对教学内容的理解,还需将问题转移至显示生活中,让学生通过自查方式掌握污染源、污染治理、不同类型污染产生的危害等。例如教师可以根据所学内容和跟人经验、经历,回答一下两个问题:

(1)What are the pollution in your daily life

(2)Which measures of fighting pollution we take in the daily life?

根据以上问题让学生分组进行塔伦,让学生根据生活中的污染问题展开讨论。我班49名学生包括通校生27名和住校生22名,根据这一情况,可将通校生分为3组,住校生分为2组,通校生讨论日常生活中存在的家庭污染问题,住校生讨论学校生活中的污染问题,然后分别提出减少污染的对策。这种问题式分组学习将学习与生活联系,让学生对污染有更好的认识,从而从而在丰富学生知识的同时提高学生的学习兴趣,并有意识地培养了学生的责任意识、社会意识。

新课程标准的推行为英语教学活动开展提供了参考标准,但是教学活动不能完全依照新课程标准,而需要结合学生的学情和接受能力,制定最切合实际的教学方法,才能收到最佳的教学效果。

参考文献:

[1]李选国.浅谈新课程标准下的初中英语教学[J].校园英语, 2014,23:96.

篇4:初二下英语复习总结

1.give rides to / give a ride to 2.can’t afford to do 3.decide to do 4.get hurt 5.stop to do 6.stop doing 7.try to do 8.try doing 9.be aware of

10.be different from 11.in good weather 12.some sort of 13.close to

14.be in a good state

15.on the right side of the road 16.at the crosswalk

17.in the front/back seat

18.basic types of transportation 19.a map of transportation 20.road safety

初二期中词组检测三 1.feel dizzy

2.do eye exercises 3.be rich in vitamins 4.eating habits 5.keep healthy 6.brush teeth 7.put on weight 8.give up 9.forget to do 10.talk about

11.make progress/do better in school 12.over two thirds 13.have more energy 14.concentrate better 15.read in poor light 16.feel pressure 17.provide sth for sb.18.as the saying goes / the old saying 19.in this way 20.by the way

初二期中词组检测四 1.a community center 2.taka place 3.change…into 4.to one’s surprise 5.hang out

6.make great progress 7.in charge of 8.raise money

9.replace the broken window 10.take out the trash 11.have a math exam 12.on one’s way to 13.protect environment 14.sell to 15.drive

to

16.take turns doing / to do 17.the number of

篇5:初二下学期英语课教学总结

我们利用每周的集体备课时间,组织全组英语教师认真学习英语新课程标准,掌握课程的基本理念:全面提高自身的语文素养,正确把握英语教育的特点,积极倡导以学生自主学习为主的学习方式,努力设计出开放而有活力的英语课教案与多媒体课件。通过学习、交流、探讨,老师们的教育教学观念有了很大的转变。大家深深体会到:当一名优秀英语教师十分不易。英语学科涉及的知识面广泛,它对教师提出了更高的要求,因循守旧的教法已不能适应新课程标准的要求了,学习先进的教学模式势在必行。我们平时积极开展个人间的合作研讨,交流教学经验,共同讨论教学问题,搜集相关教学资源,努力提高备课、上课质量。

二、优化教学过程,提高课堂教学质量

教学质量是学校教育的生命线。我们备课组全体老师十分重视向45分钟要质量。我们采取集体备课的形式,两位英语教师就各单元、各课的内容,互相切磋,共同探讨,在备课探讨时,我们能做到用心听,着重提出值得探讨的问题:统一重点、难点;启发引导语言的设计;每位教师都毫无保留的说出自己的观点。达到共识后,再由一位老师主备,另一位老师审核,形成统一的教学案。承担备课任务的教师严格按备课计划,认真钻研教材,尽心设计教学方案,高效率地完成备课任务。上课前,各位教师再结合自己班学生的特点,因材施教,体现个人的特色,作好第二次备课。老师们还结合研究课题,平时积极参加学校组织的各种教研活动。

三、不断反思自我,不断充实提高

我们八年级英语备课组每位教师都十分注重自我提高。通过集体备课以来,我们几位教师都认为:集体备课效果不错,收获颇深:这样我们可以互相促进、互相提高。另外,这样节省了很多时间,因为每位教师的精力毕竟有限,集体备课后,我们还可以腾出一些时间来干更多的事。合作,使我们的工作达到事半功倍的效果。合作,使我们有更多的时间、精力去研究学生,提高学生的成绩。总之,我们备课组两位成员就像一个整体,一个密不可分的整体,一个向上的整体。

虽然我们做了很多,但工作中还有许多不尽人意的地方,如何提高课堂教学质量,如何培养和提高学生各方面的.素质,为自己树立更高的目标,不能安于现状,得过且过,要多思考,多反思,在英语教学实践中鞭策自己不断进步,这将是我们英语老师永远追寻的目标。

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