上海八上英语语法总结

上海八上英语语法总结（共3篇）

篇1：上海八上英语语法总结

新目标八年级上册英语Unit1-10 单元知识点归纳

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩

visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 quite a few相当多 study for为„„而学习go out出去 most of the time大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得高兴 of course当然 feel like给„„的感觉；感受到 go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of因为 one bowl of„ 一碗„„ the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on继续 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来

buy sth.for sb./ buy sb.sth.为某人买某物 taste + adj.尝起来„„ look+adj.看起来„„ nothing„but+动词原形 除了„„之外什么都没有 seem+（to be）+ adj.看起来„„

arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 decide to do sth.决定去做某事

try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do.sth.?为什么不做„„呢？ so+adj.+that+从句 如此„„以至于„„

tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事

Unit2 How often do you exercise? help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不 once a week每周一次 twice a month每月两次 every day每天 be free有空

go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网 swing dance摇摆舞 play tennis打网球 stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课

go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动 be good for对„„有好处 go camping去野营 not„at all一点儿也不„„ in one’s free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如

old habits die hard积习难改 go to the dentist去看牙医 morn than多于；超过 less than少于 help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 How about„?......怎么样？/ „„好不好？ want sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事

How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ „„有多少„„? 主语+find+that从句.„„发现„„ spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 It’s+ adj.+ to do sth.做某事的„„的。ask sb.about sth.向某人询问某事 by doing sth.通过做某事

What’s your favorite„„?你最喜爱的„„是什么？ the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.more outgoing更外 as„as„与„„一样„„ the singing competition唱歌比赛 be similar to与„„相像的/类似的 the same as和„„相同；与„„一致

be different from与„„不同 care about关心介意

be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的 as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩 reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的 touch one’s heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋 be good at擅长„„ be good with善于与„„相处

have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣

be good at doing sth擅长做某事 make sb.do sth.让某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事

as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与„„一样„„

It’s+ adj.+for sb.to do sth.对某人来说，做某事„„的。形容词和副词的比较级、最高级

大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really；2）比较级，表示“较„„”或“更„„”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than,A or B,of the two, 修饰词much,a lot,a little；3）最高级，表示“最„„”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化： 构 成 方 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级 单音 节词 和部 分双 音节 词 一般在词尾加-er或-est high short higher shorter highest shortest 以字母e词尾的词，加-r或-st late fine later finest latest finest 重读闭音节词词尾

只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot big thin fat hotter bigger thinner fatter hottest biggest thinnest fattest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est funny easy early funnier easier earlier funniest easiest earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或 most beautiful athletic outgoing more beautiful more athletic more outgoing most beautiful most athletic most outgoing 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化：

原 级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther（更远）further（更深远）farthest(最远)furthest（最深远）as„(原级)as与„„一样„„ not as/so„as不如 Liming is as tall as Jim.Jack runs as fast as Tom.Lily is not as/so tall as Lucy.=Lily is shorter than Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?

movie theater电影院 close to„离„„近clothes store服装店 in town在镇上

so far到目前为止 10 minutes by bus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 talent show才艺表演 in common共同；共有

around the world世界各地；全世界 more and more„„越来越„„ and so on等等 all kinds of„„各种各样的 be up to是„„的职责；由„„决定 not everybody并不是每个人

make up编造（故事、谎言等）play a role in„在„„方面发挥作用/有影响 for example例如 take„seriously认真对待 give sb.sth.给某人某物 come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到

Can I ask you some„?我能问你一些„„吗？How do you like„?你认为„„怎么样？ Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。

What do you think of„?你认为„„怎么样? much+ adj./adv.的比较级 „„得多 watch sb.do sth.观看某人做某事

play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事是作用/在做某事方面扮演重要的角色 one of+可数名词的复数 „„之一

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show? think of认为 learn from从„„获得；向„„学习 find out查明；弄清楚 talk show谈话节目 game show游戏节目 soap opera肥皂剧 go on发生 watch a movie看电影

a pair of一双；一对 try one’s best尽某人最大努力 as famous as与„„一样有名 have a discussion about就„„讨论 one day有一天 such as例如

dress up打扮；梳理 take sb.’s place代替；替换 do a good job干得好 something enjoyable令人愉快的东西 interesting information有趣的资料 one of„„之一

look like看起来像 around the world全世界 a symbol of„„的象征 let sb.do sth.让某人做某事 plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事 happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 expect to do sth.盼望做某事 How about doing„?做„„怎么样？ be ready to do sth.乐于做某事 try one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事

Unit6 I’m going to study computer science.grow up成长；长大 every day每天 be sure about对„„有把握 make sure确信；务必 send„to„把„„送到„„ be able to能

the meaning of„„的意思 different kinds of不同种类的 write down写下；记下 have to do with关于；与„„有关系 take up开始做；学着做 hardly ever几乎不；很少 too„to„太„„而不能„„/太„„以至于不能 be going to+动词原形 打算做某事 practice doing练习做某事 keep on doing sth.不断地做某事 learn to do sth.学会做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事 promise to do sth.许诺去做某事 help sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 remember to do sth.记住做某事 agree to do sth.同意做某事 love to do sth.喜爱做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事

Unit7 Will people have robots? on computer在电脑上 on paper在纸上 live to do 200 years old活动200岁 free time空闲时间 in danger处于危险之中 on the earth在地球上 play a part in sth.参与某事 space station太空站

look for寻找 computer programmer电脑编程员 in the future在未来 hundreds of许多；成百上千 the same„as„与„„一样 over and over again多次；反复地 get bored感到厌烦的 wake up醒来 fall down倒塌 will+动词原形 将要做„„

fewer/more+可数名词复数 更少/更多„„ less/more+不可数名词 更少/更多„„ have to do sth.不得不做某事 agree with sb.同意某人的意见 such+名词（词组）如此„„

play a part in doing sth.参与做某事 There will be + 主语+其他 将会有„„

There is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth.有„„正在做某事 make sb.do sth.help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事

It’s+ adj.+for sb.to do sth.对某人来说，做某事„„的。

Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake? milk shake奶昔 turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开 pour„into„把„„倒入„„ a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶 a good idea好主意 on Saturday在星期六 cut up切碎 put„into„把„„放入„„ one more thing还有一件事 a piece of一片/张/段/首„„ at this time在这时 a few一些；几个

fill„ with„用„„把„„装满 cover„with„用„„覆盖„„ one by one一个接一个；逐个；依次 a long time很长时间

how many+可数名词复数 多少„„ how much+不可数名词 多少„„ It’s time(for sb.)+to do sth.到（某人）做某事的时间了 First„Next„Then„Finally 首先„„接下来„„然后„„.最后„„ want + to do sth.想要做某事 forget+to do sth.忘记去做某事 how + to do sth.如何做某事 need+to do sth.需要做某事 make+宾语+形容词 使„„怎样 let sb.+do sth.让某人做某事

Unit9 Can you come to my party? on Saturday afternoon在周六下午 prepare for为„„做准备 go to the doctor去看医生 have the flu患感冒

help my parents帮助我的父母 come to the party来参加聚会 another time其他时间 last fall去年秋天

go to the party去聚会 hang out常去某处；泡在某处 the day after tomorrow后天 the day before yesterday前天 have a piano lesson上钢琴课 look after照看；照顾

accept an invitaton接受邀请 turn down an invitation拒绝邀请 take a trip去旅行 at the end of this month这个月末 look forward to盼望；期待 the opening of„ „„的开幕式/落成典礼 reply in writing书面回复 go to the concert去听音乐会 not„until直到„„才 meet my friend会见我的朋友 visit grandparents拜访祖父母 study for a test为考试学习have to不得不 too much homework太多作业 do homework做家庭作业 go to the movies去看电影 after school放学后 on the weekend在周末 invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事

what引导的感叹句结构：What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！What+adj.+名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！help sb.（to）do sth.帮助某人做某事 be sad to do sth.做某事很悲伤 see sb.do sth.see sb.doing sth.the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式

have a surprise party for sb.为某人举办一个惊喜派对 look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事 reply to sth./sb.答复某事/某人

What’s today?今天是什么日子？ What’s the date today? What day is it today?

Unit10 If you go to the party,you’ll have a great time!

stay at home待在家里 take the bus乘公共汽车 tomorrow night明天晚上 have a class party进行班级聚会 half the class一半的同学 make some food做些食物 order food订购食物 have a class meeting开班会 at the party在聚会上 potato chips炸土豆片，炸薯条 in the end最后 make mistakes犯错误 go to the party去参加聚会 have a great/good 玩得开心 give sb.some advice给某人提一些建议

go to college上大学 make（a lot of）money赚（许多）钱

travel around the world环游世界 get an education得到教育 work hard努力工作 a soccer player一名足球运动员 keep„to oneself保守秘密 talk with sb.与某人交谈 in life 在生活中 be angry at/about sth.因某事生气 be angry with sb.生某人的气 in the future在将来 run away逃避；逃跑 the first step第一步 in half分成两半 solve a problem解决问题 school clean-up学校大扫除

ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 give sb.sth.给某人某物

tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 too„to do sth.太„„而不能做某事 be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 advise sb.to do sth.劝告某人做某事 It’s best(not)to do sth.最好（不）做某事 need to do sth.需要做某事

一、If引导的条件状语从句

二、should的用法

篇2：上海八上英语语法总结

3.get back to=come back to=return to 回来 4.think about 思考 5.decide on 决定选定 6.theGreat Wall 长城

7.go camping去野营 go fishing去钓鱼 go swimming去游泳 go sightseeing去观光 go skating去滑冰 go shopping去购物 go skateboarding去滑滑板 go hiking去远足 go bike riding 去骑车兜风 go boating 去划船 8.take a vacation 去度假

9.something different 不同的东西(形容词修饰不定代后置)eg:nothin,something……+adj 10.can’t wait to do sth.等不及做某事 11.natural thing 自然的东西

12.show sb sth =show sth.to sth 给某人看某物

13.have a good time=have a good trip=Enjoy one’s self 玩得愉快 14.Love nature 热爱自然（n.to adj.:change ‘e’to’al’）15.take with 随身带某物 16.srend time消磨时光 17.rent videos 租录像带 18.take walks 去散步 19.vacation plans 假期计划 20.plan to do sth 计划去做某事 21.make a movie 拍一部电影 22.hope+to do/not to do 或+从句

23.forget to do 忘记去做 forget doing 忘记做过

篇3：上海八上英语语法总结

【关键词】 倒装；全部倒装；部分倒装

在英语中，有时为了强调句子某一部分，或适应一定的语法结构的需要，把谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面，就构成倒装。我们平时遇到的句子基本都是自然语序，如：主语 + 谓语；主语 + 谓语 + 宾语；主语 + 系动词 + 表语。

采用倒装的目的有两点：

1. 语法结构的需要：疑问句、there be 结构等通常要用倒装句。

There is a pen and three pencils in the box

What are you doing here？

2.修辞的需要：倒装句可以起强调作用，加强语气。

Away went the football fans.

而根据倒装的构成，可将其分为全部倒装和部分倒装。

一、全部倒装（Full Inversion）

全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：

1.以here， there， out， in， up， down， off， away等方位副词和now， then，thus等副词置于句首以示强调，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come， go， be， lie， run， rush等。

Here comes the bus Down fall the leaves

There goes the bell Away went the boy

Attention：当主语是人称代词时，主谓不倒装。E.g.：

Away he went Out they rushed

Here it is Here you are

2. 当表示地点的介词短语在句首时。

At the foot of the hill lies a small village.

By the side of the road is our school.

At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______， one of the ten largest cities in China. （2010年重庆卷，33）

A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies

C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie

3.直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常用全部倒装。

“Perfect，” said the teacher.

“Get out，” shouted the manager.

二、部分倒装（Partial Inversion）

就是谓语的一部分， be/助动词/情态动词提到主语的前面，如is / am / are / was / were，do / does / did / have/ has / had，can / could / would / may / will / might 等。

1. only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时， 要进行部分倒装，e.g.：

Only then did I realize that I was wrong.

Only in this way can you learn English well.

Only when I got home did I hear of the news.

Attention： only修饰主语或only+状语放在句末时，仍用自然语序，而不用倒装。e.g.

Only Li Hua knows the secret.

You can learn English well only in this way.

Only then ____ how much damage had been caused.（2006 陕西，16）

A.had she realized B. she realized

C. did she realize D. she had realized

2. 表示否定的副词never ， not， seldom， hardly， little， nowhere等以及介词短语by no means， in no way， in no case， at no time， on no account， ， on no condition， under no circumstances（这七个短语均表示“无论如何都不，绝不”，其后不能再出现否定词）等位于句首时。

I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _____ with my progress. （2006年重庆卷，24）

A.the teacher is not satisfied

B. is the teacher not satisfied

C.the teacher is satisfied

D. is the teacher satisfied

3. not until+时间状语（从句）位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。

He didn’t finish his homework until his mother came back.

→Not until his mother came back did he finish his homework.

→It was not until his mother came back that he finished his homework.

4.在 hardly / scarcely /…when…； no sooner…than 的倒装句中，前倒后不倒。

hardly / scarecly / no sooner后句子的谓语用had done， when / than后句子的谓语用一般过去时，结构为：Hardly/Scarcely had sb done sth when sb did sth； No sooner had had sb done sth than sb did sth.

（1） Hardly had I fallen asleep when he came in.

（2） No sooner had I reached the station than the train moved.

5. 以关联连词not only...but also…开首的句子前倒后不倒。

Not only did he say so， but （also） he did so.

Attention ：当连接主语时不倒装，谓语动词依据就近一致原则。

Not only he but also his parents like reading.

三、其他特殊的倒装结构

1. 祝愿语

May you succeed！

Long live the People’s Republic of China！

2. However / No matter how + adj / adv.

However difficult the question was， Jack answered it easily.

3. as/ though （虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句，其结构为：名词/形容词/副词/动词原形+as/though+主语+其他。

Although I was tired， I decided to walk on.

→Tired as I was， I decided to walk on.

Though he is a child， he knows a lot.

→Child as he is， he knows a lot.

Although I may fail， I have to work hard.

→Fail as I may， I have to work hard.

Even though he shouted angrily， I didn’t care.

→Angrily as he shouted， I didn’t care.

Attention：从句的表语是名词时，名词前不加任何冠词； though后面的让步状语从句可倒可不倒。

_______， his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. [2007 重庆]

A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange

C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound

简要总结：1.全部倒装主要用在以方位副词或地点状语开头的句子中，而部分倒装主要用在否定副词和以下句型中，So / Such…that…；Not only…but also…； Hardly / Scarcely …when…； No sooner…than…（以上句型中前倒后不倒），Not until+状语；Only+状语（而这两个句型中前不倒后倒）。

2. 主语为人称代词时不倒装是针对全部倒装而言的。

3. as引导的让步状语从句和其他的特殊结构既不属于全部倒装，也不属于部分倒装。