4年级上册课件

2024-06-20

4年级上册课件(通用9篇)

篇1:4年级上册课件

4年级上册美术课件

教学目标:

1.知识与技能:了解一些以“谐音”“寓意”、“象征”等手法表达吉祥如意主题的图案纹样。

能用语言描述民间美术作品的图案纹样、色彩特点等。

能灵活运用民间吉祥的图案和色彩,尝试组合表现一幅喜庆吉祥的画面。

2、过程与方法:创设“比较”情境,体验民间表达“吉祥”主题的图案纹样、色彩特点等。

尝试运用民间吉祥的图案纹样组合一幅画面。

3、情感:对民间吉祥图案纹样或色彩产生兴趣。收集民间吉祥的.图案。

教学重点:

能用语言描述民间美术作品中的吉祥图案纹样、色彩特点等。

教学难度:灵活运用民间吉祥的图案和色彩。

教学过程:

(一)课堂导入:

1.创设喜庆情境:从多媒体课件中欣赏民间艺术作品。让学生感受民间美术“夸张、变形、概括、对称”等造型特点。

2.让学生能用语言说“吉利话”想对方祝福引入,感知一些““吉利话与吉利画”的关系,了解和进行“谐音、寓意、或、象征”的联想。

3.培养学生的想象能力。设问提出要求:你知道和见到的还有哪些民间艺术品。

4.板书课题:

一边板书一边让学生打开课本,并认真阅读课文内容。

(二)教授新课:

1. 观看课件,欣赏课件中的各种图片。

2. 问:在欣赏中,你看到了什么?有什么想法?你在生活中遇到的和知道的哪些民间艺术品?

3. 小组活动:讨论你所知道的民间艺术品,你准备用什么方法和材料进行创造一幅有特色的民间作品?

(三)作业布置:

能用适当的材料,运用具象与抽象的吉祥纹样和色彩组合一幅吉祥图案。

(四)巡视辅导:

学生作业,教师巡视的过程中发现学生存在的共性问题,及时进行讲评。

(五)结果:

1. 作业评述:举办墙报,展示全班作品,让学生自评优秀作品。

2. 教师小结:对构图完整,画面有特点的学生进行表扬。

3. 课后拓展:设问:你今天学会了什么?特别美的地方在哪里?

4. 课后思考题:寻找身边的民间美术,写成文字或画出草图,下节课带来。

篇2:4年级上册课件

Where is the book?

Let’s learn

It is big. It is black or green.

It is in front of our classroom.

Teacher can write something on it.What is it?

Let’s learn

We have two in our classroom.

They’re in the wall.

We can open and close them.

We can come in and go out by passing it.

1.让学生课后试着设计一间自己喜欢的教室,要有漂亮的`颜色。

篇3:4年级上册课件

1.能声情并茂地表演Part A。

2.能听懂、会说、会读、会运用句型I/He/She can play … 及一般疑问句的问答。

3.能对别人的运动进行有效的评价或激励。

二、教学重难点

1.能正确理解、朗读、表演对话, 并在生活中正确灵活运用。

2.学生通过学习, 会谈论有关运动的话题。

三、教学过程

Step1.Free talk

1.T:Hello, I like drawing. (简笔画篮球) I can play basket- ball/ run… (边说边动作) What can you do?

S:I can … (直入重点)

2.T:Our school is going to hold a sports meeting. I want to be a volunteer to find more students who are good at sports. But to be a volunteer, we should try to do :

【设计意图】通过设计一个完整且贴切学生生活的大活动—招聘志愿者, 每完成一项, 获得一枚笑脸。整体感强, 层次清晰, 又能激发学生学习英语的兴趣。

5.回到任务目标, 显示task 1完成, 获得笑脸, 进入task 2环节。

【设计意图】通过说说做做学生自己会的活动项目, 让学生感知、操练、掌握了can引导的肯定句和一般疑问句。

Step 3:Task 2 I can listen and say.

1.感知故事:

(呈现头像) T:Who are they?Where are they?What are they doing? (打乱顺序呈现课文四幅图)

2.理解故事:

1) Listen and order.

2) T:Watch the video and fill in the blanks .

3) T:Underline the key sentences and read them.

(领读very well和Have a try, 注意语气的指导和板书)

3.输出故事:

1) Listen and imitate (只出图不出文字, 听音模仿, 难点指导) ;2) Listen and repeat (出示图和文字, 全班跟读模仿。) ; 3) Read together;4) Read in roles;5) Chant;1Make the chant, 2Say the chant together。

4.回到任务目标, 显示task 2完成, 获得笑脸, 进入task 3环节。

【设计意图】通过感知故事、理解故事、输出故事三个环节, 让学生学习掌握story time。听说领先, 读写跟上, 同时培养学生的自主学习能力。

Step 4 :Task 3 I can act.

1.Act the story (三人表演)

2.回到任务目标, 显示task 3完成, 获得笑脸, 进入task 4环节。

【设计意图】在道具辅助下, 将story time通过说说、做做、演演来掌握巩固所学知识。

2.回到任务目标, 显示task 4完成, 出示笑脸, 顺利过关。

【设计意图】结合旧知和生活, 将所学语言活化到生活中, 实现空间和时间的跨度, 真正体现语言来自于生活, 又回归生活的思想。

Step 6、Homework

Step 7、Summary

1.Do more exercise everyday .

2.If you got the big smile face, use the main sentences to ask your family , or try to write it.

【设计意图】进一步实现和巩固这节课的课时目标。同时, 分层作业的设计, 让每位学生都能有不同层次的提高。

摘要:本课的教学内容是四年级上册Unit 4 A story time, 以Wang Bing, Liu Tao和Mike在操场上互相询问是否会打篮球并演示引出can句型的肯定句和一般疑问句并教学。本节课的设计本着学生为主体、教师为主导的指导思想, 强调从学生的学习兴趣和认知水平出发, 创设一个大任务, 引导和操练基本会话。并在教学过程中, 遵循听、说领先, 读、写跟上的原则, 让学生掌握综合语言运用能力及培养学生热爱运动的意识。

关键词:I can do,I can listen and say,I can act,I can service

参考文献

[1]《义务教育英语课程标准 (2011年版) 解读》

篇4:4年级上册课件

首先,让学生通过阅读趣味故事,复习与巩固本单元的核心句型“What can you do?”“I can...”“Can you...?”“Yes,I can.”“No,I can't.”其次,让学生通过图片和上下文理解句子意思和故事内容,并能够在教师的引导下朗读、表演和复述故事;最后,引导学生学习各种技能。

二、教学重点和难点

本课的教学重点是:第一,理解故事情节;第二,组织学生朗读和表演故事。

教学难点是理解田鼠如何机智地逃脱蛇的魔掌,以及复述故事内容。

三、教学过程及设计意图

1.Warm-up

(1)Chant

笔者引导学生开展了对话活动,选择一位学生扮演小鸟。

Students: “Bird, bird, what can you do?”

Bird:“I can fly, I can fly.”

Students:“ Fly away, fly away.”

(2)Free -talk

笔者和学生开展了对话活动,帮助学生复习相关句型。

Teacher:“Can you...?”Students:“Yes, I can./No,I can't.”

Students:“Can you...?”Teacher:“Yes, I can./No,I can't.”

通过生动活泼的动物表演和朗朗上口的对话形式,笔者不仅有效激发了学生的学习兴趣,激活了学生已有知识经验,还将故事中的生词“away”巧妙地渗透其中,让学生反复朗读,为后续理解和诵读故事做好了铺垫。

2.Presentation

Teacher:“Do you think I can draw animals in one stroke on the blackboard?”

笔者用简笔画出一只老鼠和一条蛇。

Teacher:“When a rat comes across a snake, what will happen?”

笔者利用简笔画吸引学生注意,引出故事角色,设置悬念,激发学生阅读兴趣。

Teacher:“What can you see in Picture 1? Where are they? What does the snake want to do? What is the tasty food?”

笔者引导学生观察文章图片1,让学生自由表达各自猜想,并通过阅读验证猜想。同时,为后续故事阅读和理解抛砖引玉。

Teacher:“It's dangerous. What can the rat do?”

Watch the cartoon without subtitles and answer:“Can the rat sing? Can the rat dance? ”

以生动活泼的动画形式呈现故事,有利于学生从整体上把握故事大意。笔者以问题为驱动,促使学生积极视听故事,在视听故事过程中学会提取关键信息。

Teacher:“The rat can sing and dance for the snake. Can the snake let it go ? What will happen then?”

Students read Picture 5 and answer the questions:“ Can the rat really swim or not? Why does the rat say ‘No?(Because he wants to ____.) Can you guess the meaning of‘throw?”

文中的图5是故事关键,也是教学难点。教师要引导学生深入阅读,通过连环提问促使学生积极思考,让学生在回答和解决问题的过程中,理解田鼠的机智之处。教师还可以引导学生通过看图猜测和联系上下文理解生词“throw”的意义,渗透学法。

Teacher:“Will the snake throw the rat into the lake? Can the rat swim away? Watch the cartoon and discuss the end of the story. Is the snake clever? ”

笔者通过视听动画、阅读文本,让学生从整体上理解故事,然后通过讨论故事的结局,关注学生情感和内在体验,体现了以学生为主体的思想。

3.Practice and consolidation

Read after the tape twice. Read in roles. Act out the story in pairs.

笔者通过引导学生进行多种形式的、有梯度的朗读练习,并辅以科学有效的朗读指导,帮助学生突破了教学难点。通过故事表演,帮助学生内化语言输出,发展语用能力。

Put the pictures in orders.

图画排序可进一步了解学生对故事大意的了解情况,内化整篇故事,将故事情节组合成紧密联系的整体,为后续的活动做铺垫。

Look at the 6 pictures and retell the story. Then finish the poem.

笔者要求学生看图复述故事,创作小诗,创新运用语言,将内化的语言输出,边说边演,体验英语学习的快乐。

4.Summary

Do you like the story? Which animal do you like better? Why?Can you give a title to the story?

笔者要求学生总结故事核心内容,发展思维能力,并让学生给故事命名,将自主权交给学生,让他们理解同一事物的多样性。

Tell the students“move your brain when in trouble, you will find a way.”“it is always good to have more skills.”

在教学中,笔者渗透思想和情感教育,让学生明白“身处险境不要慌张,多动脑,会想出办法的”“技多不压身”。

5.Homework

Read and act out the story with your friends.

篇5:4年级上册元日江雪课件

1、正确、流利、有感情地朗读、背诵课文。

2、认识生字23个。

3、完成“语文天地”中“学习显身手”。

4、理解诗句内容,感受诗句中渲染的“欢天喜地、热热闹闹”的节日气氛。

教 学 重 点 难 点 1、能正确、流利、有感情地朗读、背诵全诗。

2、理解语句的意思。

学 生 以前学过的有关节日、冬天的古诗。

一、谈话导课,激发兴趣。

1、同学们,古诗是我国的文化精华。谁能背一首给大家听听?

2、对话导入:刚才我们一起背了许多古诗,从大家声情并茂的`朗读中,老

师感受到了大家对古诗的热爱。古诗是我国古代文化的一座宝库。今天,老师就和大家走进这座宝库,再领略两首古诗的美妙情境。

二、学习古诗《元日》

(一)、导入活动:

1、学生们,十二月份结束了,我们将迎来新的一年。新岁月的第一天是什么节日?

2、板书课题。

3、从课题里。你联想到什么?

“元日”是什么意思?“元日”就是元旦吗?

“元日”并非现在一般所说到“元旦”,而是农历正月初一,就是春节。现在“元旦”、“新年”一般指公历的一年之首,就是公历1月1日。而“元日”是农历岁首正月初一,即一般所说的“春节”。

春节是我国最热闹、最盛大、最富有特色的传统节日,正如西方圣诞节一样。大家回忆一下,我国春节都有哪些风俗习惯呢?,

学生自由述说。

教师小结:

放鞭炮、贴春联、贴“富”字、贴窗花、拜大年,等等都是春节富有特色的风俗。这种风俗是长期以来人们在生活中逐渐形成的风气习尚。风俗与相对稳定的一面,又有不断丰富变化的一面。

那么,宋代的春节都有哪些风俗习惯呢?学习了王安石《元日》以后,我们就能得到答案。

三、学习新课

1、读——读准字音,识记生字。

(1)自由朗读,读准诗题、作者、读通每一句诗。

(2)抽生读,检查字音及停顿情况。

爆竹声中/一岁除, 春风送暖/入屠苏。

千户万户/曈曈日,总把新桃/换旧符。

(3)谁能将整首诗读得正确、流利?

2、看——图文结合,画中会意。

(1)仔细观察图画,然后再读读古诗,从中知道了什么?

(2)互相交流。

3、议——探究协作,读中悟情。

(1)以小组议议,哪些地方读懂了,哪些词语还没有读懂。

(2)全班讨论交流,教师重点指导:

屠苏:古代一种酒名。

曈曈日:初升光亮而温暖的太阳。

新桃、旧符:指的都是“桃符”,后来指春联。

(3)说说诗句的意思。

第一句:爆竹声中送走了的一年。

第二句:春风已把温暖吹进了屠苏酒。

第三句:初升的太阳照耀着千门万户。

第四句:家家都用新春联换掉旧春联。

4、评——多元评价,品析美读。

(1)读出你的感悟,说说你为什么这样读?

(2)教师相机帮助学生了解作者的写作背景。

(3)古诗赛读,师生互评。

5、诵——积极展示,深情诵读。

(1)这首诗描绘了怎样的画面呢?大家闭上眼睛边听边想象。

(2)教师范读。指名回答问题。

(3)同学们说得真好!让我们沉浸在新年的欢乐之中,怀着对美好未来的憧憬,一起来朗读这首诗。

(4)背诵全诗。

三、作业

1、完成习字册。

篇6:小学4年级数学下册课件

问题:我们目前学过哪几种运算?

我们学过的加、减、乘、除四种运算统称四则运算。

二、感受括号的作用

(一)感受小括号的作用

问题:1. 说一说这道题的运算顺序是什么。

2. 如果变成96÷(12+4)×2,运算顺序怎样?

3. 先说一说运算的顺序,再计算。

(二)感受中括号的作用

问题:1. 如果在96÷(12+4)×2的基础上再加上中括号,你知道运算顺序应该是怎样的`吗?

2. 先说一说运算的顺序,再计算。

3. 算式中有小括号还有中括号,应该按照怎样的顺序计算?

一个算式里,既有小括号,又有中括号,要先算小括号里面的,再算中括号里面的。

三、巩固新知

1. 先说一说下面各题的运算顺序,再计算。

2. 你知道吗?

问题:算式中有小括号还有中括号,应该按照怎样的顺序计算?

四、布置作业

篇7:4年级上册课件

Teaching objectives:

To improve the students’ listening ability

To improve the students’ speaking ability

To learn and master some useful expressions to express agreement and disagreement!

Teaching difficult points:

Train the students listening and speaking abilities

Help students master expressions of agreement and disagreement.

Teaching aids:

Tape recorder, slide

Teaching method:

Discussion method

Teaching procedure:

StepI Lead in (1 minutes)

T: good morning, girls?

Ss: good morning, teacher!

T: this unit, we learned the British Isles. We have talked so much about the United Kingdom, right? We have talked about its famous cities, its people, its geography and its typical features. Do you remember them?

Ss: yes

T: very good. We have also learned that there are two famous universities in the United Kingdom. Do you still remember what their names?

Ss: Oxford and Cambridge

T: very good. They are 2 world-class universities. Do you want to know students’ school life there?

Ss: yes

T: ok, today we will learn something about students’ school life in Dublin University. Do you know where Dublin is?

Ss: …..

StepII Pre- listening (5minutes)

T: Dublin is the capital city of the Republic of Ireland. Today we are going to do listening part. Now, please go through the exercises on page 33 and 34. From the chart and these questions, can you guess what the listening material talks about?

Ss: a school, timetable…….

T: yes, good, it talks about the timetable of the language school in Dublin University. Now, let’s see what we should do when listening. First, please look at exercise 1 on page 33: listen to the tape and tick the sentences which are true. (I will explain each sentence and some new words) When you are listening, please pay attention to what is taught, where and when and by which teacher. Among these 5 sentences there is only one sentence that is true, are you clear?

Ss: yes

T: good, now, please look at exercise 2 on page 34: listen to the tape and fill in the timetable below. This is a bit difficult. When you are listening, try your best to hear what is taught, where and when is taught. Ok?

Ss: ok

T: exercise 3 has 3 questions (explain what information students should find), try your best to find out the answers from the listening material. Are you clear with what you should do now?

Ss: yes

StepIII While listening (30 minutes)

T: good, now, let’s listen to the tape for the first time to get the general idea and try to finish exercise1. Ok, here we go! (First time)

T: have you got the general idea? Can you tell me what you have heard?

Ss: language lab, conversation workshop…….

T: very good. Who has found the true sentence?

S1: the third sentence is true!

T: well done, thank you very much! The third sentence is true, and others are false. (Explain why other sentences are false) Ok, good. Now, let’s listen to the tape for the second time and try your best to hear the answers to the chart. At this time, there will be a pause after each sentence. It may help you to hear the answers to the chart. Are you clear?

Ss: yes

T: good. Now, listen to the tape carefully. (Second time)

T: Have you finished the chart? Maybe it is a bit difficult, now, let’s check it together. (Check the timetable together with students) are you clear with the timetable of Dublin university? Ok, good! Actually, when we listen to the tape, we just need to pay attention to what is taught and when. You can divide the listening material into 2 parts, morning and afternoon. Do you think so? Very good, now, let’s listen to the tape for the third time. This time, after each sentence, I will translate it for you to help you understand the listening material. Please try your best to find the answers to exercise 3. Are you clear now?

Ss: yes

T: good. Listen to the tape carefully. (Third time)

T: do you understand this listening material now? Ok, tell me the answers to these 3 questions. Any volunteers? (Check the answers to 3 questions; I will explain some words, if it is necessary). Very good, just now, we finished all the exercises, next I will play the tape for the last time, and you just listen to the tape carefully. Try to understand the listening material by yourself. Are you clear now? Ok (Fourth time)

T: ok, girls! Are you all clear about the answers? If you have any questions you can ask me. Very good, it is a bit difficult, right? But you did good jobs. Don’t lose heart, if you practice more, you can do better. Ok? So much for today’s listening.

StepIV Post listening (discussion 9 minutes)

T: Just now, we got some information of the timetable in Dublin University. From the timetable, we can see students there can get more practice in listening and speaking. Do you think so? You see, there are so many skill lessons to practice students’ listening and speaking, and conversation workshops to train students’ speaking ability and language lab trains students’ listening. What about us? How many English classes do we have in a week?

Ss: 5

T: yes, we only have 5 English classes. Among these classes we pay more attention on language study. That is to say, we pay more attention on grammar and vocabulary. Do you agree with me?

Ss: yes

T: ok, for Chinese students, some people think speaking and listening are more important, because the ability of speaking and listening is more practical, but some people think grammar and vocabulary should be practiced more, because we have to pass a lot of examinations. What’s your opinion? What do you think we should practice more, listening and speaking or grammar and vocabulary? Now, please form groups of 4 or 3 or just discuss with your partner, make up a dialogue to express your agreement or disagreement, using these useful expressions on the slide. If you agree with your partner, you can use ……… if you don’t agree with your partner, you can use ……. (Explain each expression) are you clear? I will give 3 minutes

Ss:

T: have you finished, which group would like to be the first. Hands up please.

S1: I want to have a try. I just express my own opinion. I think ……….

T: very good, but I think …….

S1: I don’t agree with you…..

T: thank you very much! Well done! S1 think listening and speaking should be practiced more because if you meet a foreigner but you can not talk with him, it is a great pity. Do you think so? But I think as Chinese student, we should practice grammar and vocabulary more, it depends on the special situation in china. We must pass a lot of examination, when we have enough free time, we can practice listening and speaking by ourselves, because both of them are very important right? Ok, any other groups? You can keep your own opinions and we can have discussion after class. Try to remember these useful expressions.

T: ok, today we practiced listening and speaking, may it is a bit difficult for you, but I think you did good jobs. After class, you can practice by yourselves; I think you can do better. So much for today! See you!

Slide

Useful expressions Agreement

Disagreement: Yes, you are right

I don’ think that’s right Yes, I agree with you

I don’t think so I believe that you have got it right

No, you are wrong thinking that… I think so.

I’m afraid you’re wrong… Yes, that is true

I’m sorry, but I don’t..

Blackboard work

Dublin: 都柏林

Conversation workshop: 讨论小组

Language lab: 语音室 grammar & vocabulary

Computer lab: 计算机实验室 listening & speaking

Skill practice: 技能训练 what do you think we should practice more?

篇8:4年级上册课件

1. 画面设计合理,具有艺术性;

2. 课件与教学、学习内容紧密结合,具有实效性,起到教学的辅助作用,促进课堂效率的提高;

3. 展示情境直观形象,突出了教学重点,利于突破教学难点,使教学具有高效性;

4. 运用动画设计,激发学生的学习兴趣,充分调动学生的学习积极性.

二、课件的设计理念

多媒体课件的运用在数学教学中比传统教学手段有着更强的表现力和感染力,它能调动学生多种感官,诱发学生的情感共鸣,激发学生的学习兴趣.教学实践证明:合理利用多媒体课件,对优化课堂教学,提高教学效率有重要作用.

三、课件的运行平台及制作软件

运行平台:“windows-xp”.制作软件:主体部分为幻灯片“PowerPoint”,利用方位角来描述方向时的动画制作用到了“Flash”:游戏环节中的可控表盘的制作用到了“几何画板”。

四、课件的主体结构

本课件共32张,其中首页1张;欣赏建三江的美丽照片20张,自动配乐播放,时间为60秒;创设问题情境引入新课共2张;认识方位体会新知4张;动手操作攻破难点1张;实践应用巩固新知1张;谈收获1张;布置作业1张;结束1张.

五、课件流程作用说明

1. 利用课件可促进课堂目标的达成

知识与技能目标:通过课件形象演示利用方位角描述方向的情境,利于理解方位角相关的知识及应用教学目标的达成.

过程与方法目标:通过课件的演示,学生可以较直观地体验方位角生成的过程.通过学生的亲自动手操作与课件的演示恰当结合,可以让学生充分感悟数学知识的过程,感受数学的美妙与严谨.

情感态度与价值观目标:通过课件的直观演示,激发学生的学习兴趣,使学生乐于参与知识的探究,并能积极与同伴合作交流,培养学生自主探索的意识和团结协作的精神.

2. 利用课件可激发学生学习的兴趣

课前利用课件配乐播放“绿色米都”建三江分局优美的图片,定格在一张大米画——中国地图,上面有个显著的地方:建三江老师的真挚邀请,使师生的距离感化为零,营造了宽松和谐的课堂氛围.在课堂探究知识的过程中,及时抓住孩子的好奇心理,用课件展示建三江的简单地形图,同时由学生说出几个代表性地点的方向,由此引出本节课的知识内容,符合学生认知的心理,有效地激发了学生学习的兴趣.

3. 利用课件可利于突破教学的难点

本节课的重点是正确识别方位角,利用课件动态演示了“北偏东300”和“东北方向”,体验角度偏转的过程,使空间观念比较薄弱的学生,能直观地感受描述方向时跟角度有关,并举一反三得到特殊方向与一般方向的描述方法,从而突出了本节课的教学重点.利用课件帮助学生规范作图,指导学生正确使用学具,有效地突破了教学难点.

4. 利用课件可充分提高课堂的效率

在本节课的教学流程中,设计了两个动画,利用Flash和几何画板制作了一个实例演示和动画游戏,通过逼真的动画效果,使单调的数学知识变得生动有趣,调动学生参与的积极性,利于学生对知识的理解和掌握,提高了学生学习的效率.

5. 利用课件可拓展学生学习的思路

课件呈现了本节课的整体教学思路,每一张课件都围绕本课的教学目标,能够对已学知识进行巩固理解,通过课件的演示使学生在学习知识的过程中,开阔了视野,增长了见识,提高了能力.

篇9:4年级上册课件

◆devote 奉献,献身

课文原句:Professor Stevenson, who has devoted himself to protecting the Milu deer, gave a talk to Chinese college students in Beijing.

这句话的意思是:斯蒂文森教授一直致力于保护麋鹿,他在北京为中国大学生做了一场演讲。这句话包含一个重要的动词devote,其主要用法如下:

1. Devote A to B 意思是“把A奉献给B”。其中的A常为表示人生、时间、精力等意义的词。例如:

He devoted his lifetime to this important research. 他把自己毕生的精力都投入到了这项重要的研究上。

2.Devote oneself to意思是“献身于……,专心致力于……”。使用这个短语时,要特别注意:其中的to并非不定式符号,而是介词,其后要接名词、代词或动名词(短语)。例如:

She devoted herself to teaching English in this village. 她献身于这个山村的英语教学。

真题演练:

Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children. (2001 上海)

A. set upB. setting up

C. have set upD. having set up

解析:本题考查的是“devote A to B”这个短语中to的用法。由于此处的to 是介词,后面只能接名词或名词性短语。四个选项中A、C不符合,先排除。再结合句意:瑞德先生下定决心把他一生的所有都贡献出来为穷孩子们建学校。Set up所表示的动作,必然发生在谓语动词make所表示的动作之后,所以用动名词的一般式。因此,答案选B。

◆ be used to 习惯于……

课文原句:They are all used to their environment.

这句话的意思是:他们都习惯于他们的生活环境。其中包含一个常考的短语“be used to”,意思是“习惯于”。使用时,需要注意区分它和其他几个也包含used的短语:

1.Be used to sth./doing sth. 意思是“习惯于(做)某事”,表示一种状态;而get used to sth./doing sth. 的意思则是“变得习惯于(做)某事,开始习惯于(做)某事”,强调一种由“不习惯”到“习惯”的动态过程。试比较:

·He was used to the cold weather after he lived there for two years. 在那里住了两年之后,他习惯了寒冷的天气。

·I think it is a bit difficult for you to get used to the humid weather here. 我想,让你习惯这里湿热的天气有点儿困难。

·You'll soon get used to living in the country. 你很快就会习惯住在乡下的。

2.Be used to do sth. 意思是“被用于做某事”。注意,这是动词use的被动语态,其中的to是不定式符号,后面要接动词原型。例如:

A metal bar was used to force the door open. 用金属棒把门撬开了。

3.Used to do sth.意思是“过去常常做某事”,指的是过去的习惯性动作,目的在于与现在形成对照。例如:

I used to like swimming. 我过去很喜欢游泳。(暗示现在不喜欢游泳了)

注意:在表示过去的习惯性这一点上,used to与would的意义相同。但used to既可用于表示过去的习惯动作,又可用于表示过去的状态;而would只能用于表示过去习惯性的动作。例如:

·When he was a child, he would spend every penny he earned on books. 小时候,他把挣来的每分钱都用来买书。(过去的习惯性动作,句中的would可以用used to替换)

·People used to believe the Earth was flat.过去,人们认为地球是平的。(过去的状态,并非某种习惯,句中的used to不可以用would替换)

·我哥哥过去是解放军,现在是教师。

(×) My elder brother would be a PLA man. He is now a teacher.

(√) My elder brother used to be a PLA man. He is now a teacher.

真题演练:

In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ________. (2007 安徽)

A. that used to beB. it is used to

C. it was used toD. it used to be

解析:一看选项就知道本题在考查包含used的几个短语的辨析。从题干来看,句子的意思是:在我看来,21世纪的生活要比以前容易得多。空格处表示的是过去的状态,只能用“used to”,四个选项中可先排除B、C。再结合句子,前后比较的都是life,用it指代前文出现过的life。因此,答案选D。

Unit 11

◆combine 联合,结合

课文原句:Hip-hop music often combines parts of other styles to create music that will help people hear new things in old music.

这句话的意思是:Hip-hop音乐经常和其他风格的音乐结合,产生一种新的音乐。这种新的音乐能使人们在老音乐中听到新的东西。这句话中有个重要的动词combine需要掌握。Combine既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词,意思是“(使)联合,(使)组合”。作不及物动词用时,常与with连用,构成combine with sth.短语。例如:

Two atoms of hydrogen combine with one atom of oxygen to form a molecule of water. 两个氢原子和一个氧原子结合成一个水分子。

另外,combine的名词形式combination也比较常见。它表示“(两种或两种以上的不同事物、品质、物质等的)结合、联合或混合”,常与介词of连用。例如:

A combination of tact(技巧) and authority was needed to deal with such a bad situation. 处理这么糟糕的情况,既需要技巧也需要权威。

注意:combination和connection的区别。Connection是“连接,关系”的意思,侧重指“连接”;而combination则侧重强调“混合”。例如:

Scientists have discovered a close connection between smoking and several serious diseases. 科学家已经发现吸烟和几种严重的疾病有着密切的联系。

真题演练:

His eyes were wet and there was a _______ of love and respect on his face. (2006全国)

A. combinationB. composition

C. connectionD. satisfaction

解析:本题考查的几个相似词语的辨析,需要结合语境来辨析。题干的意思是:他的眼睛湿润了,脸上交织着一种喜欢和尊敬的表情。根据句意可先排除C、D两项。而B项composition尽管也可译为“合成物”,但却是指经过化学反应等形成东西,因此排除。所以,本题答案是A。

◆satisfy满意

课文原句:They play music to satisfy their inner desire.

这句话的意思是:他们演奏音乐以满足自己内心的需要。其中包含一个常用的动词satisfy。Satisfy是及物动词,意思是“使……满意,满足……”。例如:

·The little girl felt that nothing she did would satisfy her stepmother. 这个小女孩觉得自己做什么都无法讨继母的欢心。

·Just to satisfy my curiosity, how much did you pay for your car? 我只是出于好奇,请问你买这辆车花了多少钱?

Satisfy本身的用法并不是很难,satisfaction是其名词形式,意思是“满意,满足;令人满意的事物”,用法也比较简单。特别需要注意区别使用的是satisfy的几种形容词形式: satisfactory、satisfying和satisfied。前一个是satisfy本身的形容词,而后两个则是由satisfy的分词形式演变而来的形容词。这三个形容词都可作句子的定语、表语或补语。

1.Satisfactory和satisfying都表示“令人满意的”的主动含义,两者一般可以换用。当用作表语或定语时,其句中的主语或修饰的名词大都是表示事物的名词。例如:

The explanation is a satisfying / satisfactory one. 这是一种令人满意的解释。

That was a satisfying performance. 那是一场令人满意的演出。

2. Satisfied的意思是“满意的;满足的”,指用作主语的人本身对某事或别人所做的事感到满意。在用作表语或定语时,其句中的主语或修饰的名词一般都是表示人的名词。例如:

The satisfied boy has just left. 那个心满意足的小男孩刚走。

Are you satisfied with his answer? 你对他的回答满意吗?

注意:Satisfied与介词of连用,构成be satisfied of,表示“确信……”。此时,of后一般接事物名词或抽象名词,相当于be sure of。例如:

I am satisfied of the truth of his story. 我确信他讲的故事是真的。

I am satisfied of your ability to do the work. 我确信你有做这种工作的能力。

真题演练:

What he has done is far from ________. (2000 上海)

A. satisfactoryB. satisfied

C. satisfactionD. satisfy

解析:本题考查的是satisfy不同形式的辨析。题干的意思是:他所做的很难令人满意。“Far from”是固定搭配,相当于一个副词,意思是“远非,完全不”,后面应接形容词,整个句子主干是一个“主系表”结构。四个选项中只有A、B两项是形容词,排除C、D。而B项的意思是“满足的,满意的”,多用于指人,不符合题意。所以本题选A 。

Unit 12

◆get through 通过

课文原句:We need a password to get through the wall.

这句话的意思是:我们需要口令才能通过这堵墙。(编者注:此句选自《哈利·波特》) 其中的动词短语get through意思是“通过,穿过”。除此以外,get through还有几个意思也较为常见:

1. 度过(艰难或不愉快的一段时间)。例如:

Without enough coal, it's going to be hard for us to get through this cold night. 煤不够了,这么冷的夜晚将会很难捱。

2. 干完(工作等);用完;吃掉,喝光。例如:

He reads really fast — he can get through one book in one evening. 他看书很快——一晚上就能看完一本书。

3. 用电话(或无线电等)联系上,拨通(电话)。例如:

I tried to telephone you but I couldn't get through this morning. 今天早上我设法打电话给你,但就是打不通。

真题演练:

In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for what they are: small hurdles you need to jump or ______ on your way through life. (2007山东)

A. pass byB. come across

C. get throughD. run over

解析:本题考查的是pass by、come across、get through、run over这四个动词短语的辨析。Pass by意为“经过”,指从侧面、旁边经过;come across意为“碰到”;get through意为“通过,克服”;run over译为“从……驶过,碾过”。结合题干可知:空格所在的句子是说“在人生的道路上,你需要越过或克服许多小的障碍”。根据题意,排除A、B。D项同Jump语意有些重复,因此排除。所以答案选C。

◆believe in 相信

课文原句:You must believe in what you do and who you are if you want to succeed in the world.

这句话的意思是:如果你想在这个世界上成功,就必须坚信自己和自己所做的一切。在使用句中的动词短语“believe in”时,需注意与believe区别。Believe侧重指“相信某人的话或某件事是真实的”,而believe in则侧重指“相信某事的存在或价值”,特别是对信念、信仰等的坚信。例如:

I really can't believe that he would do me such a favor. Since last time I was cheated by him, I no longer believe in him at all. 我实在不相信他会帮我这个忙。自从上次被他骗过之后,我就再也不信任他了。

模拟演练(暂无相关真题):

I ______ what he has just said, but I still don't _______ such a man as he is.

A. believe; believe inB. believe in; believe

C. believe; believeD. believe in; believe in

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