过去分词-现在分词练习题

过去分词-现在分词练习题（精选8篇）

篇1：过去分词-现在分词练习题

现在分词和过去分词练习

I.单项选择

1.There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed 2.The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B.C., didn’t include women until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be playing 3.What’s the language ____ in Germany?

A.speaking B.spoken C.be spoken D.to speak 4.Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting 5.The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written 6.The news sounds ____.A.encouraging B.encouraged C.encourage D.to encourage 7.—How did Bob do in the exams this time? —Well, his father seems ____ with his results.A.pleasing B.please C.pleased D.to please 8.—How did the audience receive the new play?

—They got very ____.A.excite B.excited C.excitedly D.exciting 9.The next morning she found the man ____ in bed, dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying 10.—Good morning.Can I help you? —I’d like to have the package ____, madam.A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed 11.He is not good at English, so it is not easy for him to make himself ______.A.understand B.understanding C.understood D.understands 12.If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air ____ against your face.A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move 13.“Can’t you read?” Mary said，____ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angril C.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointing 14 ____ a reply, he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 15.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 16．The murderer was brought in, with his hands ____ behind his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied 1.____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.A.To see B.Seeing C.Having seen D.Being seen

2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth.I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____.A.fix B.fixing C.fixed D.to fix 3.We’re ___ to listen to her ____ voice.It’s ___ to hear her sing.A.pleased;pleasing;pleasure B.pleased;pleasant;a pleasure C.pleasing;pleased;a pleasure D.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure 4.___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.A.Passed, buying B.Passing, to buy C.Having passed, buy D.Pass, to buy 5.____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A.Comparing B.To compare C.Compared D.Having compared 6.Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.A.designing B.design C.designed D.to design 7.____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A.To save B.Saving C.Saved D.Having saved 8.The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.A.following B.to be following C.followed D.having followed 9.With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket.A.to lose B.losing C.lost D.has lost 10.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____.A.being heard B.hearing C.heard D.hear 11.The result of the test was rather _____.A.disappointed B.disappointing C.being disappointed D.disappoint 12.I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken English.A.use B.used C.using D.being used 13._____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.A.Not to know B.Not knowing C.Knowing not D.Not known 14.Deeply __, I thanked her again and again.A.being moving B.moved C.moving D.to be moved 15.With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.A.came B.comes C.come D.coming

16.____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A.Having shown B.Showing C.Has shown D.Having been shown 17.He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.A.gathering B.gathered C.gather D.being gathered 18.The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.A.follow B.following C.followed D.being followed 19.The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen.A.reduce B.reducing C.reduced D.reduces 20.People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A.live B.to live C.lived D.living 21.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ___.A.understand B.understanding C.to understand D.understood 22.The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______.A.settle B.settled C.to settle D.settling 23.The library’s study room is full of students _____for the exam.A.busily prepared B.busy preparingC.busily prepare D.are busily preparing 24.The ground is _____with ____ leaves.A.covering, falling B.covered, fallingC.covered, fallen D.covering, fallen 25.Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten.A.to learn B.learn

C.learned D.learning

篇2：过去分词-现在分词练习题

1.____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.A.To see

B.Seeing

C.Having seen

D.Being seen

2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth.I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my falseeeth ____.A.fix

B.fixing

C.fixed

D.to fix 3.___________a post office, I stopped___________ some stamps.A.Passed, buying

B.Passing, to buy

C.Having passed, buy

D.Pass, to buy 4._________with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem gh at all.A.Comparing

B.To compare

C.Compared

D.Having compared 5.Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.A.designing

B.design

C.designed

D.to design 6._________a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A.To save

B.Saving

C.Saved

D.Having saved 7.The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.A.following

B.to be following

C.folwed ed

D.having followed 8.With the money ________, he couldn’t buy any ticket.A.to lose

B.losing

C.lost

D.has lost 9.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____.A.being heard

B.hearing C.heard

D.hear 10.The result of the test was rather _____.A.disappointed

B.disappointing

C.being disappointed

D.disappoint 11.I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken English.A.use

B.used

C.using

D.being used 12._____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.A.Not to know

B.Not knowing

C.Knowing not

D.Not known 13.Deeply _________, I thanked her again and again.A.being moved

B.move

C.moving

D.to be moved

14.With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.A.came

B.comes

C.come

D.coming

15.____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A.Having shown

B.Showing

C.Has shown

D.Having been shown

16.He went from door to door, ____waste pars and magazines.A.gathering

B.gathered

C.gather

D.being gathered 17.The student corrected his paper carefully, _______the profess’s suggestions.A.follow

B.following

C.followed

D.being followed 18.The ________price will save youne dollar for each dozen.A.reduce

B.reducing C.reduced

D.reduces

19.People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A.live

B.to live

C.lived

D.living 20.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ________.A.understand

B.understanding C.to understand

D.understood 21.The scientists were waiting to see the problem ____.A.settle

B.settled

C.to settle

D.settling

22.The libra”s study room is full of students _____for the exam.s study room is full of students _____for the exam.A.busily prepared

B.busy preparing

C.busily prepare

D.are busilyreparing 23.The ground is ________ with_______ leaves.A.covering, falling

B.covered, falling

C.covered, fallen

D.covering, fallen 24.Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten.A.to learn

B.learn

C.learned

D.learning

25.The wlet ____several days ago was found ____in the dustbin outside the building。

A.stolen, hidden

B.stealing, hiding

C.stealing, hidden

D.stolen, hiding

27.A person _____a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language, ______all about his own.A.to learn, to forget

B.learning, to forget

C.to learn, fgetting getting

D.learning, forgetting

28.___different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality.A.To produce

B.Being produced

C.Produced

D.Having produced 29.The students in the university are all taking courses ___a degree.A.coming to

B.going to

C.leading to

D.turning to

30.Many things _____impossible in the past are very common today.A.consider B.considering C.considered

D.be considered 31.___many times, he still couldn’t understand.A.Having been told

B.Having told

C.He having been told

D.Telling

32.The old sick lady entered the hospital, ____her two sons.A.to support

B.supporting

C.suppoed by

D.having supported

33.China is one of the largest countries in the world, _____9.6 million square kilometres.A.to cover

B.covered

C.covers

D.covering

34.____and happy, Tonstood up and accepted the prize.A Surprising

B.Surprised

C.Being surprised

D.To be surprising

35.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added

B.to add

C.adding

D.adding

36“Can you read?” Mary said ____to the notice.A.angrily pointing

B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed

D.and angrily pointing

37._____ the composition, John handed it to the teacher and wt out of the room.A.Writing

B.Having written

C.Written

D.Being written 38.Were you ____when you saw that wild animal ?

A.fright

B.frightening

C.frightened

D.frighten 39.Properly _____wh numbers, the books can be easily found.A.marked

B.mark

C.to mark

D.marking

40.The child sat in the denti”s chair ____.A.tremble

B.trembling

C.embled embled

D.to trembled

A.inform

B.informing

C.informed

D.being informe

II.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空(25%)

篇3：现在分词与过去分词用法之比较

一、分词作定语

现在分词和过去分词都可以作定语、修饰名词或代词。单个分词作定语时一般放在被修饰词之前, 分词短语作定语时一般放在被修饰词之后。我们通常根据分词与其修饰的词的关系确定用现在分词还是过去分词。当分词与中心名词或代词存在主动关系时, 选用现在分词;存在被动关系时, 则选用过去分词。

例.1.The sleeping boy is Tom.

这个熟睡的男孩是汤姆。

分析:the boy与sleeping之间存在主动关系, 并且表示sleeping的动作正在进行。

2.There is nothing but a broken glass in the box.

箱子里只用一个破杯子。

分析:a glass与broken存在被动关系, 并且表示broken的动作已经完成。

3.fallen leaves落叶

分析:fall是不及物动词, 过去分词fallen在此只表完成, 不表被动。

4.the rising sun东升的旭日

分析:rising在此表主动和进行。

5.The young sitting between my sister and my brother is my cousin Jim.

坐在我哥哥和姐姐之间的年轻人是我的堂弟吉姆。

分析:the young与sitting之间存在主动关系, 并且表示sitting的动作正在进行。

6.The radio bought last week in this shop doesn’t work now.

上周在这个商店买的收音机没用了。

分析:the radio与bought存在被动关系, 并且表示bought的动作已经完成。

7.This is the question given.这就是所给的问题。

分析:the question与given之间存在被动关系, 并且表示given的动作已经完成;注意:部分过去分词如given、left常作后置定语。例如:Hurry up, there’s only ten minutes left.快点, 只剩十分钟了。

二、分词作表语

现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征, 过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态。作表语的分词常常是些形容词化了的分词, 如:interesting/interested, surprising/surprisd, tiring/tired, moving/moved, astonishing/astonished, puzzling/puzzled, exciting/excited, worrying/worried, frightening/frightened, disappointing/disappointed, pleasing/pleased, boring/bored等。一般来说, 如果主语是表示人的名词或代词, 那么用过去分词作表语;主语是表示物的名词或代词, 那么用现在分词作表语。

例:1.The book is exciting.

这本书让人兴奋。

分析:句子的主语the book是物, 所以用现在分词作表语;另外, “令人……兴奋”是书对人的影响, 表示书使人兴奋, 两者存在主动关系, 这也符合现在分词表主动的用法。

2.After an hour or so, we began to feel very frightened.

大概过了一个小时, 我们开始感到很恐惧。

分析:句子的主语we是人, 所以用过去分词作表语;另外, “感到恐惧”是主语we的状态, “我们”是“被惊吓”的, 两者存在被动关系, 这也符合过去分词表被动的用法。

特别说明: (1) 上述分词也可以作定语、状语和补语, 当它们要说明或修饰的对象是人时, 则选用过去分词;当它们要说明或修饰的对象是物时, 则选用现在分词。

例:1.This is an interesting book.这是一本有趣的书。 (定语)

2.Surprised, she could not say a word.她惊讶得说不出一句话。 (状语)

3.At first we liked the job, but then we found it tiring.开始我们很喜欢这个工作, 但后来我们发现它挺累人。 (补语)

(2) 当它们要说明的对象是expression (表情) 、eye (眼神) 、tear (眼泪) 、voice (声音) 等词时常选用过去分词。

例:Excited tears came down her face.她的脸上流下了激动的泪水。

三、分词作状语

分词 (短语) 作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、让步、方式、结果等。分词作状语的前提条件是分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致, 即句子的主语必须是分词动作的执行者或承受者。如果不一致就常使用状语从句或独立主格作状语。一般来说, 我们根据分词与句子主语的关系确定用现在分词还是过去分词作状语。当分词与句子的主语存在主动关系时, 我们选用现在分词;存在被动关系时, 则选用过去分词。

例:1.Given more time and more money, we can do the work better.

多给些时间和资金, 我们可以把工作做得更好。

分析:given的逻辑主语是we, 并且两者存在被动关系, 在此作条件状语, 相当于If we are given more time and more money.

2.The boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teacher’s question, having thought just a minute.这男孩思考一会儿, 总能为老师提出的问题给出一个满意的答案。

分析:having thought的逻辑主语是the boy, 并且两者存在主动关系, 表示think的动作在gives之前完成, 在此作时间状语。

3. Worried, she couldn’t go to sleep.因为焦虑, 她无法入睡。

分析:worried在此作原因状语, 因为句子的主语she是人, 所以用worried而不用worrying.

4. Working so hard, he failed again.尽管如此努力, 他还是失败了。

分析:working的逻辑主语是he, 并且两者存在主动关系, 在此作让步状语。

5.A cow lying in the middle of the road, the driver had to stop the car.

一头牛躺在路中央, 司机不得不停车。

分析:此处用的是独立主格作原因状语, 因为lying的逻辑主语是a cow, 而句子的主语是the driver, 两者不一致。

四、分词作补语

分词可以在句中充当主语补足语或宾语补足语, 说明主语、宾语的状态或者特点。我们必须根据分词与主语或者宾语的关系确定用哪一类分词。当两者存在主动关系时, 选用现在分词;存在被动关系时, 则选用过去分词。

例:1.I’ll have my watch repaired.我想把我的手表修一下。

分析:repaired在此作宾语补足语, 与宾语my watch存在被动关系。

2.I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.很抱歉, 让您就等了。

分析:waiting so long在此作宾语补足语, waiting与宾语you存在主动关系。

3.The boy was seen playing near the river three days ago.

三天前有人看见这个男孩在河边玩。

分析:playing near the river在此作主语补足语, 与主语the boy存在主动关系。

4.He was seen beaten by three young men in the street.

有人看见他在街上被几个年轻人打了。

分析:beaten by three young men在此作主语补足语, 与主语he存在被动关系。

五、特例

有一部分分词在使用过程中未必遵循现在分词表主动、表进行, 过去分词表被动、表完成的规律, 我们通常将其当作习惯用法来记。

例:1.Dressed in red, the girl looks more beautiful.这女孩穿红衣服更漂亮。

2. We saw some old people seated under the tree.我们看见一些老年人坐在树底下。

3.Lost in thought, he almost ran into the tree in front of him.他沉思着, 差点撞在前面的树上了。

4. When he came back, he found his car missing.当他返回的时候, 发现车子不见了。

5.Generally speaking, newspapers follow the American way.一般来说, 报纸采用的是美国拼写法。

6. Judging from his accent, he is from the South.从口音判断, 他来自南方。

篇4：现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别

一、现在分词和过去分词作定语的用法

单个的分词放在所修饰的名词前（少数动词除外），分词短语放在所修饰的名词后。作定语的现在分词和过去分词的区别在于：现在分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是主动关系，现在分词表示动作正在发生或与谓语同时发生；过去分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是被动关系，过去分词的动作发生在谓语之前或没有时间性。有一点要指出的是：现在分词的被动式既表进行，又表被动。

1. 前置定语

（1）现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。二者都表主动。

the rising sun正在升起的太阳

the risen sun已经升起的太阳

developing countries发展中国家

developed countries发达国家

the boiling water正在沸腾的水

the boiled water已经烧开的水

（2）现在分词表主动或进行，过去分词表被动。

remaining money 剩下的钱

working people劳动人民

a sleeping child一个睡着的孩子

written English书面英语

a man-made satellite人造卫星

a newly-built school新修的学校

the exciting news令人激动的消息

the excited people感到激动的人们

a puzzling problem令人迷惑的问题

a puzzled look感到迷惑的表情

2.后置定语

（1）现在分词的主动式表主动或进行；过去分词在语态上表被动，在时间上或表过去发生，或表没有时间性。

There are 20 people working for the project. 有20人参与这个项目。

The man standing there is our teacher. 站在那里的那个人是我们的老师。

There are some more events added to the Olympics. 有新的项目已被加到奥运会上。

I don’t like the composition written in pencil. 我不喜欢铅笔写的作文。（没有时间性）

（2）现在分词的被动式既表进行，又表被动。

The library being built in the east of the city will be put into use next year. 正在城东修建的图书馆将于明年交付使用。

比较：

The library built in the east of the city last year attracts many readers. 去年城东修建的图书馆吸引了很多读者。

二、实例分析

例1 The flowers sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.

A. to smell B. smelling

C. smelt D. to be smelt

解析 答案选B。“发出香味”与“吸引游客”是同时发生的，排除表示将来的不定式，即A和D；又因为the flowers与smell （发出……味）是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语作定语。

例2 Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV； there are pictures in your mind instead of before your eyes.

A. to form B. form

C. forming D. having formed

解析 答案选C。form作“出现、产生”解，是不及物动词，pictures与form是主动关系，用现在分词作定语，表示“图画出现”与“有”同时发生。注意：这与表示“有……要……”的不定式不同。

例3 The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the .

A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain

C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars

解析 答案选D。remain 是不及物动词，其过去分词无被动含义，用remaining （剩下的）作定语，修饰20 dollars。remaining 20 dollars =20 dollars left

例4 Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company， as 3M.

A. knowing B. known

C. being known D. to be known

解析 答案选B。因为the ... company与know是被动关系，所以用过去分词短语作定语，known as 3M = which was known as 3M。

例5 The picture on the wall is painted by my nephew.

A. having hung B. hanging

C. hangs D. being hung

解析 答案选B。hang作“某物悬挂 / 吊在某处”解，是不及物动词，the picture与hang是主动关系，用hanging作定语。

例6 The disc， digitally in the studio， sounded fantastic at the party that night.

A. recorded B. recording

C. to be recorded D. having recorded

解析 答案选A。the disc与record是被动关系，且record发生在谓语sounded之前，而不是之后，所以不用不定式，而用过去分词作定语。

例7 The first textbooks for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16 th century.

A. having written B. to be written

C. being written D. written

解析 答案选D。textbooks与write是被动关系，且write发生在谓语came out（出版）之前，而不是之后，所以不用不定式，而要用过去分词作定语。

1. The old farmer， the badly-injured and wounded soldier， came out of the burning house， for help.

A. supporting； calling

B. supported by； called

C. being supported by； called

D. being supporting； called

2. — Oh， it’s already a quarter past six. What shall we do at the meeting this evening？

— We’ll go on with the matter this afternoon.

A. be discussed B. being discussing

C. discussed D. which discussed

3. The brave man died， his young wife nothing but a cottage.

A. left； breaking B. leaving； broken

C. left； broken D. to leave； breaking

4. Linda can’t attend the party at Tom’s house at present because she is preparing a speech for the party at Marie’s house tomorrow.

A. being held； to be held

B. to be held； held

C. held； being held

D. to be held； to be held

5. The situation made everyone feel about what to do next.

A. puzzled； puzzled B. puzzling； puzzling

C. puzzling； puzzledD. puzzled； puzzling

6. I’d like to apply for the job as a sales manger of your company in China Daily dated August 8.

A. advertising B. advertised

篇5：动名词现在分词过去分词练习

---No.Rain or shine, the match will be held as ___________________(schedule).32.---Who’s the man talking to our teacher?---A professor ______________(pay)a visit to our school.33.The killer insisted that she was defending herself when _____________(attack).34.The Shanghai Center, _________________(design)to be environmentally friendly, will be completed this year.35.While listening to the concert, the audience is required to remain ____________(seat)and keep quiet.Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.They reached the top __41_____, but on their way back conditions were very _42______.Joe fell and broke his leg.They both knew that if Simon __43_____ alone, he would probably get back _44______.But Simon decided to risk his __45_____ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）.As they __46_____ down, the weather got worse.Then another ___47____ occurred.They couldn’t see or hear each other and, ___48____, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）.It was ___49____ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up.Joe’s _50_____ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice.___51____, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to __52_____.In tears, he cut the rope.Joe __53_____ into a huge crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below.He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.He couldn’t walk, but he __54_____ to get out of the crevasse and started to ___55____ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers __56_____.Simon had ___57____ the camp at the foot of the mountain.He thought that Joe must be __58_____, but he didn’t want to leave ___59____.Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice.He couldn’t ___60____ it.Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.41.A.hurriedly

B.carefully

.C.successfully

D.early 42.A.difficult

B.similar

C.special

D.normal 43.A.climbed

B.worked

C.rested

.D.continued 44.A.unwillingly

B.safely

C.slowly

D.regretfully 45.A.fortune

B.time

C.health

D.life 46.A.lay

B.settled

C.went

D.looked 47.A.damage

B.storm

C.change

D.trouble 48.A.by mistake

B.by chance

C.by choice

D.by luck 49.A.unnecessary

B.practical

C.important

D.impossible 50.A.height

B.weight

C.strength

.D.equipment 51.A.Finally

B.Patiently

.C.Surely

D.Quickly 52.A.stand back

B.take a rest

C.make a decision.D.hold on 53.A.jumped

B.fell

C.escaped

D.backed 54.A.managed

B.planned

C.waited

D.hoped 55.A.run

B.skate

C.move

D.march 56.A.around

B.away

C.above

D.along

57.A.headed for

B.travelled to

C.left for

D.returned to 58.A.dead

B.hurt

C.weak

D.late 59.A.secretly

B.tiredly

.C.immediately

D.anxiously 60.A.find

B.believe

C.make

篇6：过去分词-现在分词练习题

vt.想；思索；以为；看待

vi.思辩；考虑；构想；回忆

adj.深思的`；供思考的

n.想；想法

双语例句

1.I certainly think there should be a ban on tobacco advertising.

我确实认为应该禁止香烟广告。

2.Nora thought he was seventeen years old.

诺拉觉得他有17岁。

3.You were probably brought up to think like that.

你可能从小就被教育那样考虑问题。

★ drink的过去式和过去分词形式

★ win的过去式过去分词形式

★ overcome的过去式和过去分词形式

★ get过去式和过去分词

★ 过去式和过去分词表

篇7：过去分词-现在分词练习题

1.They made the station in time to catch the train.

他们及时到达车站，赶上了那班火车。

2.He got his fingers caught in the door.

他的.手指给门夹了。

3.If we leave now, I can catch the earlier flight.

我们要是现在动身，我就可以赶上早一点的航班。

4.How many fish did you catch?

你捕到几条鱼?

5.We barely had time to catch the train.

篇8：过去分词-现在分词练习题

状语从句转化为分词短语分如下几步:

1) 找出从句中谓语部分的主要动词。如:

When he finished his homework, he went out to play football.该从句中的finish是主要动词。

Although he has been told many times, he still couldn’t understand.该从句中tell是主要动词。

Because she didn’t know his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with John.该从句中know是主要动词。

The secretary worked into the late night, as he prepared a long speech for the boss.该从句中的prepare是主要动词。

2) 判断从句中的主要动词与主句主语的关系。若主句主语为从句主要动词的执行者, 考虑使用现在分词短语做状语;若主句主语为从句主要动作的承受者, 则考虑使用过去分词短语做状语。

在第一个句子中, 主句主语he是从句主要动词finish动作的执行者, 则finish考虑使用现在分词短语做状语。

在第二个句子中, 主句主语he是从句主要动词tell动作的承受着, 则tell考虑使用过去分词短语做状语。

在第三个句子中, 主句主语she是从句主要动词know动作的执行者, 则know考虑使用现在分词短语做状语。

在第四个句子中, 主句主语the secretary是从句主要动词prepare动作的执行者, 则prepare考虑使用现在分词短语做状语。

3) 去掉引导从句的连接词、主语以及谓语部分中的助动词, 主要动词变分词短语。上述四个句子可以变为:

Having finished his homework, he went out to play football. (因finish动作发生在主句动作go out动作之前, 所以用现在分词的完成式)

Told many times, he still couldn’t understand.

Not knowing his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with John. (因not know动作与主句动作have动作同时发生, 所以用现在分词的一般式)

The secretary worked into the late night, preparing a long speech for the boss. (因prepare动作与主句动作work同时发生, 所以用现在分词的一般式)

注意:过去分词短语实质上相当于现在分词的完成被动式。如上第二个句子也可以写成:Having been told many times, he still couldn’t understand.

当从句部分为否定意义时, not仍然要保留, 放在分词的前面即可, 如上述第三个句子。

若不能构成分词短语时, 则保留引导状语从句的连接词。如:

If it is heated, water can be changed into vapor.→If heated, water can be changed into vapor.

Though we are beaten, we are not discouraged.→Though beaten, we are not discouraged.

4) 若从句中的主动词跟句子主语构不成逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系, 则用分词独立主格结构来表达 (名词+分词) 。如:

As Miss Gao fell ill, Mr.Wang took her class instead.→

Miss Gao falling ill, Mr.Wang took her class instead.因为句子主语Mr.Wang即不是fell ill动作的执行者, 也不是fell ill动作的承受者。也就是从句中的主动词跟句子主语构不成逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。选择现在分词还是过去分词, 看主动词跟从句主语的关系, 若从句主语是该动作的执行者, 选现在分词;若从句主语是该动作的承受着选过去分词。如:

If weather permits, we’ll go sightseeing.该从句中weather是permit动作的执行者, 所以要用现在分词。改写成:Weather permitting, we’ll go sightseeing.

When bread is cooked, you can enjoy it.该从句中bread是cook动作的承受着, 所以要用过去分词。改写成:Bread cooked, you can enjoy it.

请同学们以愉快地心情来完成下列习题:

1) a reply, he decided to write again.

A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received (提示:主句主语he是receive动作的执行者, 且receive动作发生在decide to write动作之前, 所以要用现在分词的完成式, 否定词not放在—ing之前。选C)

2) The teacher stood there__ by the students.

A.to surround B.surrounding C.surrounds D.surrounded (提示:主句主语the teacher是surround动作的承受者, 所以要用过去分词。选D)

3) __from a plane, the park can be see n clearly.

A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.See (提示:主句主语The park是see动作的承受者, 所以要用过去分词。选B)

4) He had a wonderful childhood, __with his mother to all corners of the world.

A.travel B.to travel C.traveled D.traveling (提示:主句主语He是travel动作的执行者, 用现在分词。选D)

5) __the teacher’s suggestion, Tom finally found a way to settle the problem.

A.Following B.To follow C.Follow D.He followed (提示:主句主语Tom是follow动作的执行者用现在分词, 选A)

摘要：在非谓语动词的学习中, 很多学生对现在分词和过去分词的用法感到迷惑不解, 在应用的时候很容易混淆。本文就现在分词和过去分词做状语帮助学生理清学习思路, 找出状语从句和分词短语做状语的转换方法, 帮助学生快速有效地掌握其用法。