人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 2-New Media

人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 2-New Media（精选5篇）

篇1：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 2-New Media

：

1. 过去分词做状语

2. 复习分词的各种形式(doing; having done; having been done)做状语。

知识总结与归纳：

(一)过去分词可以做一个陈述句的时间，原因，条件，让步等状语。

结构：过去分词短语，主句(主语+谓语)

相当于

(1)表示被动语态的时间，原因，条件，让步状语从句。

例：

1. Kicked out from this company, he had to find a new job.

2. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.

3. Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel.

4. Bent roof and twenty-foot high walls of glass make them special when compared with other architecture from the same period.

5. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.

6. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.

7. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers. (2)含主系表结构(be+V-ed形式)表示状态或性质的状语从句。

例：

1. Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.

2. Excited by our success, we decided to celebrate with dinner.

3. Shocked at the waste of money, I decided to leave that company.

4. Well-known for her skill as a designer, she was invited to work with the company.

5. Surprised at what Berry had done, he didn’t know what to say at first.

(二)过去分词表达的动作先于主句的动作，表示：已经被……

结构：having been done短语，主句(主语+谓语……)

1. Having been translated into Chinese, the book became very popular in China.

2. After having been examined carefully, the room was locked again.

3. Having been exhausted by the journey, he went straight to bed.

4. Having been taught many times, he still made the same mistake.

(三)复习：现在分词(doing短语)以及它的完成式(having done短语)做时间、原因，条件，让步状语;相当于表示主动意义的状语从句。

例：

结构：doing 短语，主句(主语+谓语……)

当……时，/由于……/如果……

having done短语，主句(主语+谓语……)

已经……之后

1. Living far from school, he is often late.

2. Knowing that her daughter got sick at school, she hurried to school to take her home.

3. Not having received any news from home for many years, she got more and more homesick.

4. Driving to the airport, he hit a boy on the bike.

5. Hearing the music, he began to get homesick.

6. Being quite ill, he had to give up the chance of going on a picnic.

7. Having got married, he lived separately from his parents.

(四)分词短语的逻辑主语应当与主句主语一致。如果分词短语的主语不是主句的主语，则分词短语的主语(名词)应放在分词前面。

1. Time permitting, we’ll call on our teacher.

2. Work finished, he prepared to return home.

3. The shower being over, we continued working.

(五)总结及解题思路：根据分词短语与主句主语的关系(主动，被动)和时间顺序(在主句动作之前，或与主句同时发生)来确定做状语的分词的形式。

(六)分词在陈述句后面，做陈述句的伴随状语或结果状语：表示伴随动作的分词根据它们与主句主语的关系(主动/被动)，选用doing或done短语表达。

1. He was standing, holding on to a tree that grew against the wall.

2. There she stopped, listening to the strange sounds, while the whole house moved.

3. At last he stopped running, sweat streaming down his face.

【典型例题】

一. 单项选择：

1. ____in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding.

分析：根据句意： Harvard大学创建于1636年，“创建”与主句主语Harvard为被动关系。

答案：C

2. Hearing the news, he hurried out, ___ book ___ on the table and disappeared into the distance.

A. left; lain open B. leaving; lying open

C. leaving; lie open D. left; lying opened

分析：根据句意：听到这个消息，他匆匆跑出去，消失在远方，但他的书还打开着放在桌上。

hurried out和disappeared是连续的动作。而___ book ___ on the table则是伴随的动作。

答案：B

3. Though ____ money, his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacking in

分析：根据句意：虽然缺少钱，他的父母还是想方设法把他送进了大学。Lack of(缺乏)与主语his parents为主动关系。

答案：B

4. ____ more attention, the tree could have grown better.

A. Given B. To given C. Giving D. Having given

分析：根据句意：如果给予更多的关注，树会长得更好。____ more attention做条件状语，give与主语the tree为被动关系，用过去分词做状语。

答案：A

5. ___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose

分析：由于走神了，他差点撞到汽车上。lost in thought形容词短语：走神。

答案：C

二. 翻译句子：

1. 泰德拒绝了朋友去海洋公园的邀请，因为他已经去过两次了。

答案：

Having been to the Ocean Park twice, Ted refused his friend’s invitation to go there.

Ted refused his friend’s invitation to go to the Ocean Park because he had been there twice.

2. 从远处看，这个岛屿就象一朵彩云。

答案：

Viewed from the distance, the island looked like a color cloud.

When it was viewed from the distance, the island looked like a color cloud.

3. 他出身与一个贫困家庭，只上过两年学。

答案：

Born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.

As he was born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.

4. First built as an exclusive playground for the 60’s jet set by a member of its own, A&P Supermarket heir Huntington Hartford, over the years the club did close some of its luster, but never its beautiful setting.

答案：

翻译：最初的时候，海洋俱乐部只是一个为六十年代有钱人阶层专门建立的私人俱乐部，其创建者Huntington Hartford是A&P超市的继承人，也是富人阶层的一分子。多年之后，俱乐部已失去原有的一些光彩，但是它那优美的环境依旧保存完好。

【模拟试题】(答题时间：50分钟)

一. 单项选择：

1. ____ wrong with the engine, he stopped his car.

A. Feeling something go B. Feeling something to go

C. To feel something gone D. Having felt something gone

2. ____my parents’ letter, I decided to write again.

A. Not receive B. Not to receive

C. Not received D. Not having received

3. The new machine, if ___ properly, will work for at least ten years.

A. use B. using C. being used D. used

4. ____, the young man is healthy and strong.

A. Fully developed B. Fully developing

C. Having fully developed D. To be fully developed

5. ___ to make a speech, he said he would be very glad to.

A. When asked B. When asking

C. To be asked D. When he was asking

6. When ___, the museum will be open to the public next year.

A. Completed B. completing

C. being completed D. to be completed

二. 完型填空

Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his ___1__ and traveling.

Then after returning to the United States from a __2__ trip to Russia .Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the __3__ of its strength on the trip, a change began to take place _4__ him. The materials between his bones became __5__.

In less than one week after his return, he could not __6___. Every move that he _7___ was painful. He was not able to sleep at night. The doctors told him that they did not know how to cure Mr. Cousins’ problem and he might never ___8__ over the illness. Mr. Cousins, however, refused to give up ___9___.

Mr. Cousins thought that ___10___ thoughts were causing bad chemical changes in his body. He did not want to take medicine to cure himself. ___11__, he felt that happy thoughts or _12____ might cure his illness.

He began to _13__ on himself while still in hospital by watching funny shows on television. Mr. Cousins quickly found that 10 minutes of real laughter during the __14____ gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night.

__15___ the doctors could not help him. Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could __16___ his experiments with laughter. For eight days, Mr. Cousins rested in the hotel room watching funny shows on television, reading funny books, and sleeping __17___ he felt tired. Within three weeks, he felt well __18____ to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach for __19____.

After a few months, Mr. Cousins returned to work. He had laughed himself back to __20___.

1. A. time B. holiday C. sleep D. work

2. A. boring B. tiring C. dangerous D. pleasant

3. A. top B. degree C. problem D. limit

4. A. from B. around C. inside D. beside

5. A. weak B. ill C. false D. painful

6. A. speak B. breathe C. stand D. see

7. A. made B. did C. took D. gave

8. A. look B. get C. turn D. think

9. A. effort B. hope C. treatment D. arrangement

10. A. foolish B. unusual C. funny D. unhappy

11. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise

12. A. sleep B. travel C. laughter D. television

13. A. rescue B. operate C. try D. experiment

14. A. day B. week C. month D. year

15. A. Promising B. Deciding C. Doubting D. Recognizing

16. A. invent B. begin C. continue D. prove

17. A. until B. whenever C. unless D. so that

18. A. soon B. completely C. slowly D. enough

19. A. exercise B. illness C. rest D. pleasure

20. A. power B. sense C. health D. happiness

三. 阅读理解：

A

It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country. Before saying anything, people communicate with each other by using gestures(手势). However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.

In the United States, nodding your head up and down means “yes”, while in some pats of Greece and Turkey, it means “no”. In the southeast of Asia, it is a polite way of saying “I heard you”.

Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad. Also putting your clasped(紧握的)hands up above your head means “I am the winner.” It is the sign which players often make. In Russia it is the sign of friendship.

In the USA, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger(食指), and the other three straight means “Everything is OK.” In France, it means “You are worth nothing.”

It is also important to make eye communication. If you look down when talking to an American, he or she may feel that you are shy, or you are trying to hide something.

Besides these, you should also know there are some topics that can not be talked about, such as age, weight and marriage. You can talk about the weather, work, sports, food, where one lives and news of the day.

1. Which of the following is true?

A. People all over the world only communicate by words.

B. Many gestures either have different meanings or no meanings at all.

C. Gestures are the most common way to communicate.

D. People can talk about anything in another country.

2. In Greece nodding your head means “_________.”

A. Yes. B. No

C. I heard you D. I am the winner

3. Putting the thumb up should not be used in _____.

A. Greece B. the USA C. England D. China

4. What does this sentence mean “….your action can speak louder than your words” ?

A. What you do is better than what you say.

B. You try your best to be polite.

C. You are better understood by your gestures than through your words.

D. What you say is better than what you do.

5. The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country, _____.

A. it is important to know the language.

B .it is important to know what you talk about to a foreigner.

C. to know how to communicate without words is as important as to know the language.

D. to communicate through gestures is more important than to know the language.

B

The desire to make explorations is born with man. Wherever his imagination goes, man also has a strong wish to go. A large part of human history is considered with the exploration of the world in which we live. Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known. With kites, balloons and aircraft they left the ground to pass through the lower atmosphere. Now the outer space receives their attention.

Why should man take the trouble of conquering space ? It is hard to list the specific practical benefits that will surely see and discover new things in space that will increase our scientific knowledge, and this new knowledge will find its way into valuable practical uses. What we learn about man himself, from his experience in space, and from the effects of space and the space flight environment on him, will be extremely valuable. The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way. The areas that will benefits are manifold. They include communication, generation of power, transportation and travel, food production, materials, fuels and many others. But to say definitely just what the practical results will be is almost impossible.

1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ___.

A. man desire to explore what is unknown.

B. man often goes wherever his dreams go

C. man is no longer interested in the study of the land and sea now.

D. man’s history is his exploration of the world.

2. The word “manifold” in the second paragraph probably means ___.

A. vast B. various C. valuable D. practical

3. The author seems to be in favor of ___.

A. doubting the necessity of the space exploration

B. the exploration of space

C. exploring more in space than in sea

D. his experience in space

4. In the last sentence of Paragraph 2 the phrase “practical result” refers to the results ___.

A. that are obtained from experience

B. that can be learned as knowledge

C. that can be made use of

D. helping us make further exploration.

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. A

解析：____ wrong with the engine做全句的原因状语，feel与主语具有主动关系，用-ing形式做状语，go wrong做宾语something的补足语。

2. D

解析：由于没有受到父母的来信，在全句中做原因状语，动作在主句decided to write again动作之前，用-ing 的完成式Not having done结构做状语

3. D

解析：如果被使用恰当，过去分词做条件状语。

4. A

解析：如果进行全面发展，过去分词做状语，与主句主语构成被动关系。

5. A

解析：当被要求讲话时，他说他很高兴。

6. A

解析：当博物馆被完工(竣工)时，它将与明年对公众开放。

二. 完型填空

1. D

解析：他很喜欢他的工作和旅行出差

2. B

解析：从到俄罗斯的令人疲惫不堪的出差回到美国。Tiring预示下文提到的Mr. Cousins生病。

3. D

解析：在旅途中，他把他的身体的体力推向了极限

4. C

解析：于是他的身体内部发生了变化

5. A

解析：他的骨头之间的物质变得脆弱了。本题另外三个选项与主语搭配不合适。

6. C

解析：他几乎无法站立了

7. A

解析：他所做的每一个动作都让他感到疼痛。做运动：make a move

8. B

解析：医生告诉他，他们无法解决他的问题，他可能不能从他的疾病中恢复过来。get over：从病中恢复过来。

9. B

解析：Mr. Cousins拒绝放弃治疗的希望。

10. D

解析：Mr. Cousins认为一些不愉快的想法正在他的体内产生着某种化学变化。此处与下文的happy thoughts相对应。

11. A

解析：他不想进行药物治疗，相反，

12. C

解析：他认为愉快的想法或放声大笑 能治愈他的疾病。

13. D

解析：在住院期间他开始用观看滑稽电视节目来进行实验。experiment on somebody：拿某人做实验。

14. A

解析：他发现白天10分钟的开心大笑能给他带来夜间两小时的舒适睡眠。during the day对应下一句的at night.

15. B

解析：已经肯定医生无法再帮助他了。 deciding :确定。

16. C

解析：他离开医院在旅馆里继续他的实验。

17. A

解析：他在房间里反复看电视娱乐节目，读书，睡觉，做这些事直到他感到累了为止。

18. D

解析：他感到身体足够健康了

19. A

解析：他开始出国度假并在海边跑步锻炼。

20. C

解析：他通过笑使自己恢复了健康。

三. 阅读理解：

A

1. B

解析：细节判断题，根据第一段However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.可以得知：许多手势在某些地区要么有着不同的含义要么根本就没有任何意义。

2. B

解析：根据第二段内容可以得知点头在希腊某些地区的含义。

3. A

解析：根据第三段：Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad.可以得知树大拇指在希腊的含义不同于在美国。它是“不好”的表示，不应使用。C，D两项文章没有涉及。

4. C

解析：语句理解。根据第一段内容：人们在国外与人交流要么懂得外语，要么学会使用手势交流。所以说“通过手势动作比通过语言能更好地被人理解。

5. C

解析：考查文章的主旨。第一段第一句交代了文章的主题。

B

1. A

解析：考查文章的主旨大意。从第一段Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known.可知。

2. B

解析：词义猜测。从第二段The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way.可知the areas that will benefit是广泛多样的。文章下文说明获利饿各个方面。

3. B

解析：从全文看，作者对探索太空持赞成态度。

4. C

解析：文章最后一句意思是：但是要确切地说这种实际结果是什么将是不可能的。这种实际结果就是能应用上文所提到的各种领域所获得的利益。

篇2：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 2-New Media

非谓语动词做名词的定语

There be句型中的非谓语动词的使用

With+名词+补足语

知识总结与归纳：

(一)非谓语动词(to do; doing; done)做名词的定语

修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外，还可以用doing短语，done短语，being done短语，to be done短语修饰。其结构和意思如下：

1. 被修饰名词+doing短语：正在做……的人/正在发生的事。

2. 被修饰名词+ done短语：被……的人/事

3. 被修饰名词+being done短语：正在被……的人/事

4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语：将要被……的人/事

请看下面几个定语从句以及句中定语从句的简化表达：

1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.

The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.

2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.

The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.

3. The question that is being discussed is very important.

The question being discussed is very important.

4. You are welcome to a party which is to be given in our class at 7:45.

You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.

总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词，不定式的各种形式作定语。

1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面。如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语，则可以放在被修饰名词前面。

2. 分词作定语时，其动作应与全句动作同时发生。V-ing表示主动意义和正在做，V-ed表示被动意义。being done表示正在被做的。

3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的，to be done表示将要被做的。

例句：

1. Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.

2. A bridge connecting Asia with North America across the Bering Strait could be a critical link in the proposed global highway which would allow people to travel overland to anywhere in the world.

3. A driver starting off in the evening on the Russian side would arrive in Alaska on the morning of that same day, effectively traveling many hours back in time.

注意：还有一些结构已经形成了固定的短语： doing/done+名词

如：

the fallen leaves a washing machine

spoken English written English

a dressing mirror a waiting room

the coming year boiled water

boiling water等

(二)There be句型中的非谓语动词的使用：

There be + 名词+ to do：有……要做

+doing：有……正在做/发生

+done： 有……被……

There is nothing to worry about.

There are birds singing in the tree.

(三)用with/without短语做伴随状语。结构如下：

with/without+名词+ doing 短语

done短语

to do 短语

介词短语/副词

例句：

1. Tom went away, without a word spoken.

2. Most of houses were built of bricks made of dried mud, with a roof supported by palm tree trunks.

3. He lay on his back, with his hands behind his head.

4. The silence was suddenly broken when a large car , with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade.

【典型例题】

一. 单项选择：

1. With a lot of difficult problems _____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled

分析：With a lot of difficult problems _____ 意思是“有这么多难题要解决，”因此使用with+名词+to do 形式。

答案：C

2. How many of us_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?

A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. have attended

分析：根据句意：比如说，我们当中参加一个对我们毫不重要的会议的人会有多少人对这个讨论感兴趣呢?_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修饰How many of us做定语与全句动作同步。

答案：B

3. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.

A. being discussed B. discussed

C. to be discussed D. to discuss

分析：难道你不觉得明天要讨论的问题很重要吗?_____ tomorrow做定语修饰名词the question，表示：“将要被讨论的……” 用to be done 结构做定语。

答案：C

4. The picture ____ on the wall is painted by my nephew.

A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung

分析：The picture ____ on the wall：挂在墙上的画。Hang在句中是不及物动词。hanging做picture的定语。

答案：B

二. 翻译句子：

1. Though there is much to be concerned about, there is far, far more for which to be thankful.

答案：尽管人生有许多烦扰，但更多的是感恩。

2. The Amazon has over a thousand tributaries feeding into it. The entire river system is the size of North America.

答案：亚马孙河由一千多条支流汇交而成。整个水系覆盖的面积如北美洲一样大。

3. There is every reason to be hopeful about the future. As I make visits around the country, I see at first hand the effort being made to bring communities together.

答案：我们有理由对未来充满希望。在我巡视全国时，我亲眼看到人们为团结各社群而正在进行的努力。

4. There is certainly much more to be done and many challenges to be overcome.

答案：我们要做的事还有很多，要战胜的挑战也很多。

5. They all need to be reassured that there is so much to be gained by reaching out to others.

答案：他们都需要重新树立观点：了解他人受益匪浅。

6. The implication drawn by Jesus is clear. Everyone is our neighbor-no matter what race, creed or color. The need to look after a fellow human being is far more important than any cultural or religious differences.

答案：耶酥要传达的寓意十分清楚。无论何种民族，信仰和肤色，每一个人都是我们的邻居。照顾每个人的需要远远重要于任何文化和宗教上的分歧。

【模拟试题】(答题时间：50分钟)

一. 单项选择：

1. The missing boy were last seen _____near the river.

A. playing B. to be plying C. play D. to play

2. Who did the teacher have ____ an article for the wall newspaper just now ?

A. writing B. write C. to write D. written

3. They would not allow him ___ across the enemy line.

A. to risk going B. risking going

C. for risk going D. risk going

4. - Where should I send my form ?

- The Personal office is the place ____.

A. for sending it B. to send it to C. to send D. to send it

5. The students, ____ at the way the question was put, didn’t know how to answer it.

A. being surprised B. surprising C. surprised D. having surprised

6. He is lying in bed, with his eyes looking at the ceilings and his hands ____ behind his head.

A. to cross B. crossing C. cross D. crossed

7. The old man was moved by what she said, with tears ___ up in his eyes.

A. welling B. welled C. rolling D. rolled

二. 阅读理解：

“ A band plays in Lumley Park every Sunday afternoon. I often attend these open-air concerts if the weather is fine, because I find it a very restful way of passing time, and because the band plays many kinds of music: dance music, marching music, anything with a tune you can whistle; you know what I mean.”

“One Sunday, there was a blind girl in the front row of the audience, just behind the band-leader. She must have been about fourteen or fifteen years of age, I should think. She had been sitting down until about halfway through the programme, when the band started to play ‘ The Blue Danube’ by Johan Strauss. I’d never heard them play this particular piece before; and there was something magical about the way they played it then. They’d only played a few bars when this blind girl stood up and began waving her arms about in time to the music, just as the band-leader himself was doing.

“After a while, I could see that more and more members of the band were watching the bind girl instead of the band-leader. And the leader must have noticed this himself, because he turned round and watched her, and saw that she was keeping perfect time. He was a very thoughtful man, that band-leader; I took my hat off to him. He moved to one side little by little, so that the band could see the blind girl better, and after a while he stopped conducting altogether. The band knew the piece quite well, of course, so things weren’t likely to go seriously wrong. But she kept time beautifully, and she made it clear when she wanted certain passages to be loud or soft, just as the band-leader himself had done. Since then, to be quite honest, I’ve never heard ‘The Blue Danube’ played better anywhere.

“I have seldom heard an audience clap more loudly than that audience, when the music was over. I should think they must have heard the noise on the other side of the town. When the blind girl sat down, even from where I was sitting I could see that there were tears running down her face.”

“ And she wasn’t the only one in that audience who was crying, I can tell you.”

1. The speaker thought that attending the Sunday afternoon concerts is a pleasure because ____.

A. a band plays music in Lumley Park.

B. He could pass the time in a peaceful way in good weather

C. His favourite music could be played by the band in the open air

D. All the above

2. When the band was playing “The Blue Danube”, a blind girl who was sitting in the front row behind the band-leader____.

A. stood up to play with the band

B. stood up and waved her arms to keep perfect time by herself

C. played just as the band-leader was doing

D. listened to the particular piece “The blue Danube”

3. While the blind girl was waving her hands to keep time, _____.

A. many more members of the band were still watching their and-leader

B. the band-leader stopped conducting after a while and took off her hat to the girl

C. the band kept playing wonderfully even without their band-leader

D. the audience preferred the blind girl to the band-leader

4. From what the speaker said, it can be inferred that _____.

A. he not only respected the band-leader but also thought highly of the blind girl

B. he thought the blind girl was doing better than the band-leader

C. he regarded the band as the first class band even without anyone conducting

D. with the blind girl conducting, the concert was much more wonderful

三. 短文改错：

Many children have a birthday cake with candle on their birthday. 1. ______

In some countries, like England and Scotland, there are another custom, 2. ______

too. There are people spank(拍打)or hit the child on his/her birthday. 3. ______

This may hurt a little, and they say it is very lucky for the child. The 4. ______

child must never cry. The custom sys that if you cry, you cry all year. 5. ______

The reason for birthday spanks is to make the bad spirits go 6. ______

away. The hard you spank the better it is. In Belgium, another 7. ______

country in Europe, the custom is a little difference. There a parent 8. ______

goes into the child room early in the morning with a needle(针) 9. ______

As soon as the child woke up, the parent pricks(刺)the child 10. _____

with the needle. This is for good luck.

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. A

解析：那个失踪的男孩最后依次被看见正在河边玩。see sb. doing 的被动结构：sb. be seen doing.

2. B

解析：老师让谁写稿。have sb. do sth.：让某人做某事。

3. A

解析：allow sb to do sth.：允许某人做某事。 risk doing：冒险做某事。

4. B

解析：the place ____：把表格送到的地方。 send the form to the place

5. C

解析：surprised at the way the question was put形容词短语做定语。

6. D

解析：双手交叉在脑后。cross 与hand为动宾关系。With +名词+done结构。

7. A

解析：with tears ___ up in his eyes：指眼泪夺眶而出。well：涌出。与tears是主动关系。

二. 阅读理解：

1. D

解析：题干中的关键部分：出席周日下午的音乐会是一种乐趣的原因是……。根据第一段……if the weather was fine, because ….a very restful way of passing time, and because the band plays many kinds of music; dance music, marching music, anything with a tune you can whistle…可知A，B，C均符合题义。

2. B

解析：题干的关键：坐在前排即指挥后面的那位失明的女孩….。根据第二段最后两行… “this blind girl stood up and began waving her arms about in time to the music, just as the band-leader himself was doing.”…

3. C

解析：此题是判断“女孩打拍子时，乐队成员，乐队指挥，乐队和观众的表现。仔细阅读第三段，特别是最后四行The band knew the piece quite well, of course, so things weren’t likely to go seriously wrong. But she kept time beautifully, and she made it clear when she wanted certain passages to be loud or soft, just as the band-leader himself had done. Since then, to be quite honest, I’ve never heard ‘The Blue Danube’ played better anywhere.可以排除A，B，D。

4. A

解析：这是在总结作者的思想;根据第三段描述指挥 “he was a very thoughtful man,” 和最后两段可以得出结论：作者对小女孩和乐队指挥都给予了高度评价。

三. 短文改错：

Many children have a birthday cake with candle on their birthday. 1. candles

In some countries, like England and Scotland, there are another custom, 2. is

too. There are people spank(拍打)or hit the child on his/her birthday. 3.去掉are

This may hurt a little, and they say it is very lucky for the child. The 4. _but_

child must never cry. The custom says that if you cry, you ∧cry all year. 5. will

The reason for birthday spanks is to make the bad spirits go 6.√

away. The hard you spank the better it is. In Belgium, another 7. harder

country in Europe, the custom is a little difference. There a parent 8. different

goes into the child room early in the morning with a needle(针). 9. child’s

篇3：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 2-New Media

第四单元 步入近代

【课标要求】

（1）知道《神曲》，复述达·芬奇、哥伦布的主要活动，初步认识文艺复兴和新航路开辟对欧洲资本主义社会的产生所起的作用。

（2）简述《权利法案》、《独立宣言》和《人权宣言》的基本内容，初步了解英国资产阶级革命、美国独立战争和法国大革命的历史影响。

（3）讲述华盛顿、拿破仑的主要活动，评价资产阶级政治家的历史作用。

（4）讲述发明珍妮机的故事，了解英国工业革命开始于一系列工作机的发明。

（5）知道瓦特改进蒸汽机的史实，认识蒸汽机在大工厂生产中的作用。

（6）简述发明“旅行者号”机车的基本史实，认识铁路给人类社会带来的巨大影响。

【知识结构】

【真题解析】

例1：（2008年安徽省中考试题）电影《鸦片战争》中有这样的镜头：英国议会上，外交大臣巴麦尊提出出兵进攻中国，议会以271票对262票的微弱多数通过了侵华战争拨款。英国维多利亚女王最终同意对华宣战。对上述材料理解不正确的是（）

Ａ．英王是虚位元首，议会掌握国家权力

Ｂ．英王形式上有对外宣战的权力

Ｃ．英王是国家元首，议会对英王负责

Ｄ．英国的政体是君主立宪政体

解析：联系所学知识分析，1689年英国议会通过《权利法案》，确立了君主立宪政体，英王权利受法律约束，而法律由议会制定。从题干所给材料来看，议会的决定最有影响力，议会掌握国家权力，英王只是形式上有对外宣战的权力。故答案是Ｃ。

例2：（2008年四川省内江市中考试题）欧美早期的资产阶级革命产生了许多代表性文献。法国的《人权宣言》与英国的《权利法案》、美国的《独立宣言》相比，最大的特点在于（）

Ａ．强调自由平等，保护私有财产Ｂ．限制君主的权利

Ｃ．宣告脱离殖民统治Ｄ．解放黑人奴隶

解析：比较三个文献内容，“强调自由平等，保护私有财产”是《人权宣言》特有的内容。答案为Ａ。

【单元测试】

一、选择题

1．电视纪录片《大国崛起》解说词中说道：公元1500年前后的地理大发现，拉开了不同国家相互对话和相互竞争的历史大幕。为“地理大发现”做出贡献的人物是（）

Ａ．哥伦布 Ｂ．克伦威尔 Ｃ．瓦特 Ｄ．林肯

2．“英国人的幸福莫过于冬天晚上回家，穿着毛裤坐在壁炉前读莎士比亚。”这说明英国人很喜欢莎士比亚的作品，下列哪部作品是莎士比亚的（）

Ａ．《神曲》Ｂ．《哈姆雷特》

Ｃ．《最后的晚餐》Ｄ．《俄底浦斯王》

3．“法律由议会制定，法律一旦制定，国王就不能中止”这个规定最早出自（）

Ａ．1789年的法国Ｂ．1640年的英国

Ｃ．1776年的美国Ｄ．1689年的英国

4．英国资产阶级革命、美国独立战争都被定性为“资产阶级革命”，是因为它们都（）

Ａ．扫除了殖民统治，获得了民族独立

Ｂ．用暴力方式为资本主义发展扫清了道路

Ｃ．确立了民主制度

Ｄ．发动了战争

5．1776年初，在北美大地流行一本小册子《常识》，其中有一句话是“现在是分手的时候了”，这句话的意思是（）

Ａ．北美人民强烈要求英属殖民地独立

Ｂ．北美人民与印第安人矛盾很深

Ｃ．北美人民要与南方黑人奴隶制度“分手”

Ｄ．北美人民要摆脱英国殖民者的殖民统治

6．独立自主是一个国家发展的前提与基础，以下哪一个国家的资产阶级革命历程直接说明了这一点（）

Ａ．美国Ｂ．法国Ｃ．英国Ｄ．中国

7．以下名词中，缺乏历史积极意义的是（）

Ａ．大陆会议Ｂ．欧洲反法同盟Ｃ．新贵族Ｄ．工业革命

8．某同学正在通过因特网下载有关启蒙运动、《人权宣言》、罗伯斯庇尔等的资料，由此你可以判断他学习和探究的主题是（）

Ａ．法国大革命Ｂ．科技与思想

Ｃ．工业革命Ｄ．民族解放运动发展史

9．工业革命首先开始于英国，以下发明最能说明这一点的是

（）

Ａ．蒸汽机Ｂ．珍妮机Ｃ．火车机车Ｄ．轮船

10．在一次“再现英国工业革命成果——‘旅行者号机械模型组合”的比赛中，小华应将仿制的蒸汽机装配在下列哪种模型中（）

Ａ．火车Ｂ．帆船Ｃ．飞机Ｄ．汽车

11．广告词：“一个苹果让牛顿吸引了世界，一壶沸水让瓦特转动了世界，一个元素让爱迪生点燃了世界……”这里的“瓦特转动了世界”是指（）

Ａ．研制汽车Ｂ．发明电灯

Ｃ．改良蒸汽机Ｄ．发现万有引力定律

12．以下内容中，不属于工业革命影响的是（）

Ａ．创造了巨大的生产力Ｂ．伦敦被冠以“雾都”的称号

Ｃ．乘坐火车旅行Ｄ．新航路开辟

13．17世纪中后期的英国和18世纪中后期的北美都在反对英王，它们取得的最主要的共同成果是（）

Ａ．结束了英王的统治Ｂ．建立了共和国

Ｃ．建立了国会Ｄ．建立了资本主义制度

14．有人说：欧洲特别是西欧之所以能成为当今世界上政治经济最发达的地区之一，就是因为在15—18世纪该地区出现了许多影响世界进程的大事。这些事件解放了人们的思想，锻炼了人们勇于拼搏不断进取的意志，同时又确立了当时最先进的政治制度和民主制度。下列图片反映的事件中不属于这一范畴的是（）

15．资产阶级革命与民族解放运动成功结合的典范是（）

Ａ．英国资产阶级革命Ｂ．拿破仑的对外战争

Ｃ．法国资产阶级革命Ｄ．美国独立战争

16．下列说法，你认为前后联系不正确的是（）

Ａ．印第安人说：哥伦布是把欧洲殖民者带来美洲的恶魔

Ｂ．意大利青年说：拿破仑是我国进步的推动者，但也是我国人民所遭受灾难的始作俑者

Ｃ．美国人说：华盛顿是一位杰出的民族英雄

Ｄ．法国人说：法国的历史是由克伦威尔来撰写的

二、非选择题

17．近代以来，欧洲一直走在世界前列，对世界发展产生了深远影响。结合所学知识，按要求写出事件名称。（各写出一例事件即可）

（1）古代战争使欧洲文化影响世界：

（2）欧洲人把世界开始连成一个整体：

（3）欧洲人揭开了世界工业化的浪潮：

（4）欧洲人的思想影响了近代世界的发展：

18．读下列大事年表，回答问题：

请回答：

（1）17世纪、18世纪，英、法的政治制度发生了什么变化？

（2）英、法、美在资产阶级革命中，各自通过什么措施来巩固自己的成果？

19．搜集和整理材料、制作知识卡片是学习历史的一种重要方法。请参照范例，为文艺复兴、工业革命、拿破仑制作卡片。要求：每张卡片至少提供三条关键信息。

参考答案：

一、1．Ａ 2．Ｂ 3．Ｄ 4．Ｂ 5．Ｄ 6．Ａ 7．Ｂ 8．Ａ 9．Ｂ 10．Ａ 11．Ｃ 12．Ｄ 13．Ｄ 14．Ｃ 15．Ｄ 16．Ｄ

二、17．（1）亚历山大东征 （2）新航路开辟 （3）工业革命 （4）文艺复兴

18．（1）封建制度解体，资本主义制度确立。（2）英国通过《权利法案》确立君主立宪制。法国通过《人权宣言》确立资本主义制度。美国通过1787年宪法确立总统制。

19．

第五单元 殖民扩张与殖民地人民的抗争

【课标要求】

（1）简述“三角贸易”的基本内容，了解资本原始积累的野蛮性与残酷性。

（2）讲述英国殖民者克莱武在印度疯狂掠夺的史实，认识殖民扩张和掠夺是英国最早成为资本主义工业强国的重要条件之一。

（3）概述玻利瓦尔和章西女王领导反抗殖民统治斗争的主要事迹，体会殖民地国家和人民反抗殖民侵略的正义性。

【知识结构】

【真题解析】

例：（2008年湖北省宜昌市中考试题）他领导和完成了南美的独立战争，彻底摧毁了西班牙在南美洲的殖民统治。现在南美北部诸国中，有他的雕像和以他的名字命名的广场、城市和国家，他就是“解放者”（）

Ａ．玻利瓦尔Ｂ．华盛顿Ｃ．圣马丁Ｄ．卡斯特罗

解析：玻利瓦尔领导起义军队，反抗西班牙殖民统治，解放西班牙在南美洲的殖民地，玻利瓦尔也因此被后人誉为“南美的解放者”。

【单元测试】

一、选择题

1．葡萄牙和西班牙开始走上对外殖民道路与下列哪一事件有关（）

Ａ．新航路的开辟Ｂ．英国资产阶级革命

Ｃ．法国大革命Ｄ．工业革命

2．欧洲奴隶贩子进行黑奴贸易的直接原因是（）

Ａ．欧洲殖民者开始殖民美洲

Ｂ．美洲种植园主需要劳动力

Ｃ．英国、法国等国家走上了对外殖民的道路

Ｄ．欧洲进行工业革命的需要

3．在历史上被称为“三角贸易”的黑奴贸易中，英国殖民者从海外运回欧洲的主要是（）

Ａ．黑人奴隶Ｂ．工业产品Ｃ．工业原料Ｄ．机器设备

4．在波涛汹涌的大西洋上，一艘艘满载黑奴的船只不时驶过，干这种勾当最早和后来居上的国家分别是（）

Ａ．英国和法国Ｂ．葡萄牙和英国

Ｃ．荷兰和法国Ｄ．西班牙和葡萄牙

5．罪恶的奴隶贸易路程中，有很多生病的黑奴会被扔进茫茫大洋，据所学知识判断，这个大洋是（）

Ａ．太平洋 Ｂ．大西洋 Ｃ．印度洋 Ｄ．北冰洋

6．下列关于欧洲殖民者“三角贸易”的叙述，正确的有（）

①出发地和归宿都是欧洲 ②使非洲丧失了难以计数的人口 ③目的是促进拉美地区经济的发展 ④加速了欧洲资本主义经济的发展

Ａ．①②③ Ｂ．②③ Ｃ．②③④ Ｄ．①②④

7．英国开始成为世界上最大的殖民帝国，号称“日不落帝国”，是在（）

Ａ．17世纪中期Ｂ．18世纪初期

Ｃ．18世纪上半期Ｄ．18世纪后半期

8．仔细观察下图，请你说出该图描述了哪个国家的对外殖民扩张（）

Ａ．葡萄牙Ｂ．西班牙

Ｃ．英国Ｄ．法国

9．下列史实体现了资本原始积累野蛮性与残暴性的是（）

①《辛丑条约》签订 ②朝鲜战争 ③“三角贸易” ④克莱武在印度的活动

Ａ．①②Ｂ．①③Ｃ．③④Ｄ．②④

10．18世纪中期，殖民头子克莱武获得英国议会表彰，理由是他 “对国家作出巨大的贡献”。其“贡献”是（）

Ａ．领导了英国资产阶级革命

Ｂ．在工业革命中发明了火车机车

Ｃ．抢掠殖民地大量的财富

Ｄ．镇压了章西女王领导的印度民族大起义

11．如果给上图人物写传记，下列哪一句可以用到（）

Ａ．率领印度起义军抗击英军

Ｂ．率领起义军抗击西班牙军队

Ｃ．率领议会军击溃查理一世王军

Ｄ．率领军队远征俄罗斯

12．世界近代史上，首先为美洲摆脱殖民压迫和争取民族独立树立了榜样的国家是（）

Ａ．美国Ｂ．墨西哥

Ｃ．印度Ｄ．古巴

13．“对我们来说美洲是我们的祖国，西班牙是我们的敌人，我们的旗帜是独立和自由。”说这话的应当是（）

Ａ．华盛顿 Ｂ．林肯 Ｃ．玻利瓦尔 Ｄ．章西女王

14．右图是一个大洲的示意图，最早在此领导民族解放运动的民族英雄是（）

Ａ．华盛顿Ｂ．拿破仑

Ｃ．章西女王Ｄ．玻利瓦尔

15．著名电影《章西女王》反映的历史事件是（）

Ａ．拉丁美洲民族独立运动

Ｂ．印度民族大起义

Ｃ．中国的太平天国运动

Ｄ．巴西人民的反葡斗争

16．殖民抗争并不是孤立存在的，各地的殖民抗争相互影响并相互促进。18世纪末19世纪初，拉丁美洲争取独立的运动主要受下列哪些事件的影响（）

①英国资产阶级革命 ②美国独立战争 ③法国大革命 ④英国工业革命

Ａ．①②Ｂ．②③Ｃ．③④Ｄ．②④

17．在历史长河中，历史事件之间往往存在着因果关系。下列因果关系对应错误的是（）

Ａ．英国资产阶级革命——三角贸易

Ｂ．法国大革命——颁布《人权宣言》

Ｃ．美国独立战争——1787年宪法

Ｄ．工业革命——英国殖民印度

18．以下历史人物中，抗击过同一殖民国家的民族英雄是（）

①华盛顿 ②玻利瓦尔 ③林则徐 ④章西女王

Ａ．①②③ Ｂ．②③④ Ｃ．①③④ Ｄ．①②④

19．如果让你搜索与“民族解放”相关的历史资料，你可能会舍弃（）

Ａ．华盛顿与独立战争 Ｂ．拿破仑对外战争

Ｃ．毛泽东与开国大典 Ｄ．“南美的解放者”与玻利维亚的独立

20．某同学在网上搜集“火烧圆明园”、“三角贸易”、“日不落帝国”等关键词，他想了解的是（）

Ａ．殖民主义的罪恶Ｂ．国际工人运动

Ｃ．资产阶级革命Ｄ．科技革命史

二、非选择题

21．按要求列举18世纪后期至19世纪中期，中外历史上四次规模宏大的民族解放运动。

（1）美洲：①____________________________________________

②____________________________________________

（2）亚洲：③____________________________________________

④____________________________________________

22．右图人物的事迹在南美洲被人广泛传颂，人们常称他为“南美的乔治·华盛顿”。他出生于委内瑞拉的加拉加斯，父母是土生的西班牙血统贵族。1799年，他的父母双亡，他前往西班牙学习。1804年，他又回到欧洲，成为拿破仑的随从官。他非常钦佩拿破仑的才能和功业，但他反对拿破仑称帝，鄙视其个人野心，并引以为戒。他以后虽然建立了很大的功业，面对人民的拥护，决不称帝，终身认为对他最好的称号就是“解放者”，这个称号比任何帝王都高贵。

请你回答：

（1）他是谁？人们为什么称他为“南美的乔治·华盛顿”，他与华盛顿有哪些相似之处？

（2）有人说拿破仑也是一个“解放者”，这两个“解放者”有何不同？

（3）他的哪些品质令你欣赏？

23．阅读下列材料：

材料一：美洲金银产地的发现，土著居民的被剿灭、被奴役和埋藏于矿井，对东印度开始进行征服和掠夺，非洲变成商业性的猎捕黑人的场所，这一切标志着资本主义生产时代的曙光……

材料二：下文出自一位在奴隶贸易后期进入非洲内地的殖民者的记述。

“非洲到处在流血……过去住着人的村落现在变成一片废墟……那些修建村落、耕田种地的人们到哪里去了呢？他们被捉去当奴隶，或者在捕捉奴隶者到来时逃走了，那些侥幸逃走的人们，不得不从生机盎然的农业区迁居到人迹罕至、野兽出没的深山老林，重过刀耕火种的原始生活。”

根据以上材料，分析奴隶贸易兴起的原因和产生的后果。

参考答案：

一、1．Ａ 2．Ｂ 3．Ｃ 4．Ｂ 5．Ｂ 6．Ｄ 7．Ｄ 8．Ｃ 9．Ｃ 10．Ｃ 11．Ａ 12．Ａ 13．Ｃ 14．Ａ 15．Ｂ 16．Ｂ 17．Ａ 18．Ｃ 19．Ｂ 20．Ａ

二、21．（1）①美国独立战争 ②拉美独立运动 （2）③1857—1859年印度民族大起义 ④中国太平天国运动

22．（1）玻利瓦尔。他与华盛顿一样，都勇敢地领导殖民地人民反抗殖民压迫，建立新国家。（2）说拿破仑是解放者，主要是他领导的对外战争打击了欧洲封建势力，把人们从封建束缚下解放出来了；玻利瓦尔领导起义军队，反抗西班牙殖民统治，把南美洲人民从西班牙殖民统治下解放出来了。（3）玻利瓦尔热爱祖国、为正义事业勇于献身、不图私利、努力探索、艰苦奋斗等品质值得我们学习。

篇4：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 2-New Media

知识总结与归纳：

(一)本单元阅读材料内的含不定式结构的句子的总结：

1. It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.

2. Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood.

3. One day, your doctor tells you that you have an incurable disease and may not have more than twelve months to live.

4. Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand.

5. Scientists, on the other hand, Hawking writes, know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong.

6. People who listen to Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him, because his thoughts and ideas often seem as large as the universe he is trying to describe.

7. At that time, the church said that the earth was the center of the universe and Galileo was not allowed to publish or discuss his observations.

8. Perhaps the most important thing if we want to make a difference is to find something that we like to do and that we are good at.

(二)总结：

动词不定式结构在句中可以充当除了谓语以外的主语，表语，宾语，名词后面的定语，目的状语，以及宾语后面的补足语。对于这些内容，重点掌握一些动词不定式常用的句型结构。

1. 不定式结构做主语，宾语时，it做形式主语或形式宾语的句型：如上面第：1，6，8句

It’s +形容词/名词+ to do sth.

…….find/make/think/feel it +形容词/名词 to do sth.

It’s usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs .

Both Galileo and Zhang Heng found it difficult to make people believe that their theories were correct.

2. 不定式结构做名词的定语：have something to do / there be something to do：如上面第3句。

Do you have anything to declare ?

Jack is the person for me to turn to in difficult times.

They gave us a week to think the problem over.

Plants need room to spread their roots to get water and to spread their leaves to get sunlight.

Let’s find a more comfortable house to live in.

There are a lot of TV sets to choose from.

There is nothing to worry about.

3. 不定式结构做动词宾语：后面跟to do 做宾语的常见动词有：afford; agree; decide; demand; expect; fail; forget; hate; hope; learn; manage; mean; need; offer; plan; prepare; pretend; promise; refuse; regret; remember; seem; want; threaten; wish 等，以及一些动词短语如：would like to do; would prefer to rather than do; would rather do than do; We can’t afford to lose such an important member of the staff.

She flatly refused to have anything to do with the plan.

4. 不定式结构做动词宾语的补足语(宾补)：在英语中有很多这样的动词结构：动词+宾语+宾语补语。“宾语补语”补充说明宾语“做了什么”;“正在做什么”;“去做什么”;或者“被……”。其中表达“宾语部分”去做某事，可以用do, to do,形式做宾语的补足语。即动词不定式做宾语补语。

动词+宾语+to do sth. 在这种结构中常见的动词有：advise, allow, ask, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, order, persuade, remind, require, teach, tell, want, warn等。

有时候谓语动词和宾语可以变成被动形式，作为宾补的to do短语不变。如单元中例句7

Mr. White persuaded Tom not to smoke any more.

This kind of medicine easily causes people to sleep.

Please remind him to take medicine on time.

The teacher encouraged his students to express what they thought freely.

They were warned not to cross the old bridge.

Residents are not allowed to keep pets in our apartment building.

He is considered to be one of the leading statesmen of our country.

注意：make, let, have, see, hear, 等动词宾语后面的宾语补语应该接动词原形。(do形式)，而在这些动词(let除外)的被动形式里，还应该用to do短语做宾语的补足语

例句：

He saw a thief rush out of a shop carrying a bag full of money.

My boss made me redo my report because he wasn’t satisfied with it.

The boy was made to wash the windows before he could go outside to play.

(三)不定式(to do)的时态和被动式：to do结构根据所表达的意义也有不同的时态和被动式表达。

1. 一般式：要去做：to do

2. 正在做：to be doing

3. 已经做了：to have done

4. 被……：to be done

5. 已经被…… to have been done 等

I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.

The book is said to have been translated into many foreign languages.

He pretended to be working hard when the boss came in.

If you don’t understand something the examiner says, simply ask for it to be repeated.

说明：对于不定式的时态和被动式用法则在掌握不定式句型的前提下要根据具体句子的语境来使用。

(四)学习建议：

1. 认真对待单元内的阅读材料(包括workbook中的阅读材料)，不要只把他们当成学习某些语言点的来源。通过这些阅读材料可以掌握新词汇，锻炼阅读能力，扩展知识面(用英语)。例如在READING: NO BOUNDARIES中的第6段可以了解科学家进行科学研究的过程。而INTEGRATING SKILLS 中的MAKING A DIFFERENCE，通过阅读可以了解作者的写作思路，学习一些写作结构(文章的布局)。同时对两篇材料中许多语句，语段加以背诵，积累是可以成为今后我们写作文的素材。

2. 除了背诵warming-up中那些著名科学家的名言之外，可以积累阅读材料中的某些句子：

如：

(1)Imagine this:……

(2)Instead of giving up, Hawking went on with his research, got his PhD and married Jane.

(3)If knowledge is power, as Sir Francis Bacon wrote in 1597, then perhaps creativity can be described as the ability to use that power.

(4)We must believe in what we do, even other do not.

(5)Perhaps the most important thing if we want to make a difference is to find something that we like to do and that we are good at…Everyone has his or her special skills and interests, and only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.

3. 阅读指导：以阅读材料MAKING A DIFFERENCE为例，注意论述性的文章的基本结构是作者首先提出论点然后举例加以说明。所以文章的首尾段，每一段的首句都表达的文章的主题。同时注意这些主题句中的连词(转折连词--but等)往往是最重要的内容。例如第一段第一句：It is not necessary to be a great scientist to make a difference, but there are things we can learn from the best minds in this world. 最后一段对make a difference的方法作了总结。

【典型例题】

一. 单项选择：

1.There are five pairs of shoes ______, but I am at a loss which to buy.

A. to be chosen B. to choose from

C. to choose D. for choosing

分析：本题考察在There be句型中动词不定式(to do形式)修饰名词作定语的用法。意为：有五双鞋可供挑选，从五双鞋中选一双：choose one from five shoes介词from不能丢。

答案：B

2. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ____everything.

A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told

分析：本题考查了动词不定式完成被动式用法 to have been done 表示已经被……，根据句子意思：妈妈似乎已经被告知了一切。

答案：D

3. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it.

A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen

分析：后半句but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it.中，whether they will enjoy it.为主语从句，it为形式主语，remain后面接不定式，根据句意see与主语有被动关系。

答案：B

4. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ___.

A. it what to do with B. what to do it with

C. what to do with it D. to do what with it

分析：根据句意：据说澳大利亚的土地多得超过了政府所能处理的能力。know后面接疑问词+to do 结构

答案：C

5. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving __ their products more competitive.

A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made

分析：strive后面接to do 结构做目的状语：为……而努力。

答案：A

二. 翻译句子：

1. Tom期待着受到邀请参加这次聚会，但很遗憾他没有受到邀请。

2. 我的朋友建议我考虑先买一辆二手车而不是新车。

3. 你还有什么要补充的吗?

4. Only once they’ve got an overview do they have anything that they can hang the specific parts from.

5. If the species is to be saved, we must understand and protect the secret life of pandas in the wild.

答案：

1. Tom expected to be invited to the party, but he was not.

2. My friend advised me to consider a second-hand car first, instead of a new car.

3. Do you have anything to add?

4. 只有得到一个概观后，他们才能有针对性地挑选每一个部分去拼合成整体。

5. 如果要拯救这种稀有动物，我们就必须了解并保护野生大熊猫尚未为人世所知的生活方式。

【模拟试题】

一. 单项选择：

1. I find these problems are easy ____.

A. to be worked out B. to work out

C. to work them out D. to be worked them out

2. ____ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.

A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept

3. -How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers ?

-The key ___ the problem is ___ the demand which is made by the customers.

A. to solve; meeting B. to solving; meeting

C. to solve; to meet D. to solving; to meet

4. It seems that he has no pen ____.

A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with

5. The police ___ the suburbs for the missing car .

A. are seeking B. are finding C. are managing D. are trying

6. We had a good many anxious moments, but everything ___ all right in the end.

A. turned down B. turned up C. turned out D. turned into

7. ___ she finds out that you’ve lost her book ?

A. What about B. If what C. What if D. That whether

8. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the difference in the way the boys and girls respond to ___ situation.

A. similar B. alike C. same D. likely

9. Don’t be too ___ about things you are not supposed to know.

A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious

10. I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little ___.

A. wait B. time C. patient D. rest

二. 完型填空：

It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics, “ The Art of Eating Spaghetti(意大利面条)” caught my eyes. The word “spaghetti” brought back the ___1__ of an evening at Uncle Allen’s in Belleville ___2__ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat ___3__ spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was an exotic (外来的)treat in __4___ days. Never I eaten spaghetti, and __5__ of the grown-ups had enough experience to be ___6__ it. What laughing __7__ we had about the __8__ respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.. __9_, I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to __10___ it down simply for my own __11__, not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. __12__, I would write something else.

When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no __13__ left to write a proper composition for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to __14__ my work. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the __15__ papers. He said, “ Now, class, I want to read you a composition, ‘The Art of Eating Spaghetti’.”

My words! He was reading my words out __16__ to the whole class. __17__ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show ___18__, but what I was feeling was pure happiness, __19__ my words had the power to make people __20__.

1. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience

2. A. when B. where C. since D. after

3. A. cooked B. served C. got D. made

4. A. their B. past C. last D. those

5. A. none B. one C. some D. neither

6. A. careful about B. good at C. fond of D. interested in

7. A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments

8. A. nearly B. naturally C. officially D. socially

9. A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately

10. A. settle B. put C. take D. let

11. A. work B. story C. luck D. joy

12. A. However B. Therefore C. As for him D. Except for that

13. A. time B. excuse C. way D. idea

14. A. give up B. continue C. hand in D. delay

15. A. written B. graded C. collected D. signed

16. A. loud B. fast C. publicly D. calmly

17. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I

18. A. shock B. wonder C. worry D. pleasure

19. A. if B. for C. while D. although

20. A. excited B. satisfied C. think D. laugh

三. 阅读理解：

Several years ago, my parents, my wife, my son and I ate at one of those restaurants where the menu is written on a blackboard. After a wonderful dinner, the waiter set the check in the middle of the table. That’s when it happened: my father did not reach for the check.

Conversation continued. Finally I realized that I should pick up the check! After hundreds of restaurant meals with my parents, after a lifetime of thinking of my father as the one with dollars, it had all changed. I reached for the check, and my view of myself suddenly changed. I was an adult. I was no longer a kid.

Some people mark off(区分)their lives in years, I measure mine in small events. I didn’t become a young man at a particular age, like 16, but rather when a kid who wandered in the streets called me “mister.” These events in my life are called “milestones”(里程碑)

There have been other milestones. The cops(policemen)of my youth always seemed big, even huge, and of course they were older than I was. Then one day they were suddenly neither. The day came when I suddenly realized that all the football players in the game I was watching were younger than I was. They were just big kids. With that milestone gone was the dream that someday, maybe I, too, could be a football player. Without ever having reached the hill, I was over it.

I never thought that I would fall asleep in front of the TV set as my father did. Now it’s what I do best. I never thought that I would go to the beach and not swim, yet I spent all of August at the shore and never once went into the ocean. I never thought that I would appreciate opera, but now the combination of voice and orchestra attract me. I never thought that I would prefer to stay home in the evenings, but now I find myself passing up parties. I used to think that people who watched birds were strange, but this summer I fond myself watching them, and maybe I’ll get a book on the subject. I feel a strong desire for a religious belief that I never thought I’d want, feel close to my ancestors (祖先) long gone, and echo my father in arguments with my son. I still lose…

One day I bought a house. One day-what a day!–I became a father, and not too long after that I picked up the check for my own father. I thought then it was a milestone for me. One day, when I was a little older, I realized it was one for him, too, another milestone.

1. The tone established in the passage is one of _______

A. sad regret B. amusement

C. happiness D. deep feeling

2. The author mentions the event in the restaurant because _____.

A. that was one of his milestone

B. he paid the bill but he didn’t want to

C. he became a father with dollars

D. that was the last restaurant meal with his parents

3. “Then they were suddenly neither.” Suggests that ______.

A. suddenly they became older than I was

B. suddenly I knew that they was neither bigger nor older than I was

C. suddenly I realized that I made mistake

D. suddenly I found myself no longer a kid

4. Which of the following best expresses the author’s thinking ?

A. One day is worth two tomorrow

B. To save time is to length life

C. When an opportunity is lost, it never comes back to you

D. Time and tide wait for no man

四. 短文改错：

This is a story told by my father: “When I was boy, 1.________

The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2.________

Festival. My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3.________

but could make the most delicious dishes. One time, I just 4.________

couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner. As I was 5. ________

about take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6. ________

the kitchen looking at me. Shake her hand, she said, ‘It 7. ________

isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologize 8. ________

and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You 9. ________

know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” 10. ________

五. 书面表达：

以A Ten-minute Break为题，写一篇100词左右的短文。内容必须包括以下要点：

1. 十分钟的课间休息是必要的。

2. 要注意休息的方式。

3. 你自己是如何利用课间十分钟的。

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. B 句型Something be +adj. to do ：某事作起来很……，

2. A 为了晚点起床，不定式在此做目的状语。

3. D the key to doing sth.：做…的方法/关键。to：是介词。后面的空是不定式做表语。

4. B 不定式结构做定语修饰pen，先行词the pen 做短语to write with 的宾语。

5. A 警察搜索郊区，寻找丢失的汽车。Seek… for…：为寻找……而搜索……

6. C 最终结果还不错。Turn out:结果证明是……;turn up：露面;turn into：变成;turn down：调小音量;拒绝。

7. C 倘使她发现你把她的书丢了会怎样?What if：倘使……会怎样?

8. A 同孩子们呆在一起的任何人都知道男孩和女孩之间对相似情形反映的不同之处。Same 前面要加the

9. C 不要对你不该知道的事太好奇了。Curious：好奇;conscious：有意识的。

10. C 我会尽快调查这件事，请耐心点。

二. 完型填空：

1. A A项是：记忆，回忆， B项：思想，想法，C项：知识;D项：经验。

2. A 排除B项，因为 Belleville是地点，如用where，则引导定语从句，修饰Belleville没有必要。C，D两项与全句的时态不符。A项与brought back的时态呼应，when 表示就在那时。

3. B 因为大家坐在桌旁是等Aunt Pat端上意大利面条。Serve;服务，上菜。

4. D in those days = in the past A，C两项与原文意思不符。

5. A 本句and之前的一个并列分句是否定句，所以后面也是一个否定分句。排除B，C 答案，neither指“两个人”，与前面的all of us矛盾。

6. B 由于吃意大利面条是一种外来时尚，所以如何吃得体面，文雅涉及到能力问题，在此说：都不擅长。

7. D 在分享又细又长的意大利面条之前大家很友善地争论如何吃得文雅顺利。

8. D A项：几乎;B项：自然地;C项：官方地;D项：社交上地，根据上下文：吃这种面条大家都是第一次，又是在人家做客。当然是社交场合了。

9. C 作者开始从作文交稿日期临近想到要写作文，看到题目又想到过去做客时吃意大利面条时的场景。这时，他又突然想写一些这方面的文字。

10. B 根据上下文，此处是动词“写下，记下”的意思。Settle down：安家;后不接宾语;let it down后面要接动词，与全句矛盾，应排除。

11. D 此处与“幸运”无关，作者是学生，与“工作”无关，作文还未完成，不可能将自己的事，应排除A，B，C三项。for one’s joy 符合作者的心情。

12. C 此处意思是：至于他(布置作文的老师)，我将另写文章交上去。这样与前面说的“把吃面条的有趣场景写下来只是处于回想起来觉得有意思。”一致。

13. A B项：借口;C项：方法;D项：主意;都和the night was half gone不相干，A项在句中表示：没有时间在写老师留的作文了。

14. C A项：放弃;B项：继续;D项：推迟;与作者第二天交作文无关，C项：上交，符合句义。

15. B A项：书写;B项;批阅，评分;C项：收集过的;D项：签过字的;老师发下的自然是打了分的作业。

16. A 考查上下文的逻辑性;老师朗读作者的作文，又是在全班面前，当然要read out loud.注意：publicly很有迷惑性,但它不符合英语的语言逻辑.与to the whole class 相重复。

17. C A项的内涵太大，与the whole class不相应，B项与后面的内容矛盾，D项与后面“我尽量克制自己，不表露出我的喜悦之情”矛盾。C项表示：开始有人发笑，后来全班开怀大笑。

18. D 老师表扬自己作文写得好，当然不能当中喜形于色。

19. B for在此有“因为”的意思。

20. D 根据上下文的逻辑性，开始有人发笑，接着全班开怀大笑，作者感到了很纯洁的幸福，因为其文字有魅力使人们发笑。

三. 阅读理解：

1. D 在阅读全文过程中，根据作者对往事的回忆，读者可以感受作者写这片文章是建立在一种深深的感情是的。

2. A 作者在餐馆里付帐时忽然有了新的感受，所以在第三段最后总结出I didn’t become a young man at a particular age, like 16, but rather when a kid who wandered in the streets called me “mister.” These events in my life are called “milestones”(里程碑)。即自己已经长大了，人生发生了转折，自己将要承担一份人生责任了。

3. D 注意这句话Then one day they were suddenly neither.在第四段前后的语境。作者小时候觉得警察都很高大魁梧，而且年龄比他大。现在他已经长大了，成长得和那些警察，足球运动员一样，甚至有时比那些运动员年龄还大。

4. D 从最后一段可以得知作者的感受：岁月不饶人。

四. 短文改错：

This is a story told by my father: “When I was∧boy, 1.a

The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2. 去掉when

Festival. My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3.cook

but could make the most delicious dishes. One time, I just 4. and

couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner. As I was 5. √

about∧ take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6. to

the kitchen looking at me. Shake her hand, she said, ‘It 7. Shaking

isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologize 8. apologized

and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You 9. myself

know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” 10. months

分析：

1. boy是可数名词，第一次提到，前面必须加a

2. 本句是说：欢渡春节。When在此多余.

3. 用词不当，cooker：炊具。Cook：厨师。

4. 前后两个分句是并列关系。

6. be about to do something 是固定句型。

7. Shake her hand在本句中做伴随状语。应该用ing形式。

8. 全句都在叙述过去的事，用过去时。

9. 本句是说：控制自己。宾语应改为反身代词。

10. several后的名词应是复数形式。

五. 书面表达：

参考范文：

As students, we have classes from early morning till late afternoon. Therefore, to take a ten-minute break between classes is definitely important, even necessary. Otherwise we may feel both physically and mentally tired.

During the ten-minute break we do something to get rid of tiredness. What we need is to have a real rest, instead of getting more tired. So don’t do anything that will make you too excited.

篇5：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 2-New Media

2. 直接引语和间接引语的相互转化

（一）词汇

honest adj.

注意h开头不发音的单词，如: hour, heir, honor等,

n. honesty

adv. honestly

brave adj.

n. bravery

loyal adj.

同义词有faithful adj. faith n.

n. loyalty

wise adj.

n. wisdom

argue v.

词组 argue with sb. about / over sth.

argue that n. argument

solve v. n. solution

词组 the solution to sth.

fond adj.

词组 be fond of

同义词组 be interested in/be keen on/be into

cast v.

联想 broadcast

survive v.

n. survival

deserted adj.

v. desert

hunt for

同义词组 search for/ look for

share v.

词组 share sth. with sb.

sorrow n.

adj. sorry

care about

辨析care for与care about

care about译为关心；在乎

He doesn’t care much about his money.

care for 译为喜爱；照顾

Do you care for tea or coffee?

The teacher always cares for us like a mother.

such as

辨析such as与for example

He is interested in many subjects, such as Maths, Physics and Chemistry.

He is interested in many subjects, for example, Maths, Physics and Chemistry.

scared adj.

辨析scared与scary

scared译为被吓到的，害怕的，而scary则译为吓人的，令人恐怖的。

The little child was scared while seeing the scary scene.

error n.

辨析error，mistake与fault

error是相对于准确而言的错误，故障与mistake基本相近，而mistake更强调人为的可以避免的错误，而fault译为失误，过失。

The umbrella was taken by others by mistake.

The umbrella was taken by others in error.

Everybody thought it his fault that caused the accident.

（二）本章语法

1. 直接引语和间接引语

直接引语与间接引语之间的转换一般就是引语与宾语从句间的转换。

主要分为三种，一是陈述句。

He said, “You are right.”

He said that I was right.

They told me, “We have seen that.”

They said that they had seen that.

二是一般疑问句。

He asked me, “Are you a teacher?”

He asked me if/whether I was a teacher.

They asked me, “Are you doing your homework?”

They asked me if/whether I was doing my homework.

We asked him, “Have you finished your homework?”

We asked him if/whether he had finished his homework.

三是特殊疑问句。

He asked me, “Where are you from?”

He asked me where I was from.

They asked him, “What are you doing?”

They asked him what he was doing.

We asked him, “What have you done with the flowers?”

We asked him what he had done with the flowers.

注意时态转换，如果主句是过去时，那么从句中的现在时态就要相应地变为过去时态，

一般现在时转为一般过去时，现在进行时转为过去进行时，现在完成时转为过去完成时，

一般将来时转为过去将来时，一般过去时一般不变，但特别强调动作先后时，要改为过去完成时，过去完成时不变。

注意一些时间状语的转化，today转为that day，yesterday转为the day before，the day before yesterday/two days ago转为two days before，this week转为that week，tomorrow转为the next day，the day after tomorrow/ in two days转为two days later等

【典型例题】

[例1] A famous singer will ______ performances ______ raise money for charity.

A. put on, so that B. go on, in order that

C. put on, so as to D. have on, in order to

（答案为C，put on sth. 有上演，上映的意思，so as to do与in order to do同）

[例2] He is good at making jokes, and he always has others ______ at his jokes.

A. laughed B. to laugh C. laughing D. to be laughed

（答案为C，have sb. do，have sb. doing均为让某人做某事的意思）

[例3] The computer is out of order, and there is no one he can _____ help.

A. turn for B. turn to for C. ask D. ask about

（答案为B，turn to sb. for help向某人求助）

[例4] This kind of material ______ cold.

A. is feeling B. felt C. is felt D. feels

（答案为D，主系表结构无被动）

[例5] His bike is more expensive than ______.

A. anyone’s B. anyone else C. anyone else’s D. anyone’s else

（答案为C，所属格加在最后）

[例6] What he said ______ us a lot to think about.

A. kept B. left C. remained D. made

（答案为B，leave有留给的意思，remain是系动词无宾语）

[例7] Many students have got ______ to this university now.

A. permitted B. admitted C. received D. accepted

（答案为B，be admitted to是录取的意思，其他词无此意）

[例8] ______ is a very important quality of a person.

A. honest B. honesty C. brave D. bravely

（答案为B，此处需要名词）

[例9] We don’t care too much ______ my scores.

A. for B. about C. on D. to

（答案为B，此处为在乎，关心的意思）

[例10] It’s a mystery why this city ______ thousands of years ago.

A. deserted B. was deserting C. deserts D. got deserted

（答案为D，此处表被动，被遗弃，系表）

[例11] He said he had done it ______.

A. yesterday B. the day before C. two days later D. in two days

（答案为B，此处需要过去的时间状语）

[例12] He wondered ______.

A. why didn’t he get the first place the day before

B. why did he get the first place yesterday

C. why he didn’t get the first place the week before

D. why he gets the first place a week ago

（答案为C，此处需要陈述语序，且时间状语要用过去的）

【模拟试题】

一. 直接引语改间接引语。

1. Last Sunday he said to me, “I am going to see you tomorrow.”

2. Yesterday the teacher told the students, “You will hand in your homework.”

3. He said, “I bought the radio 5 days ago.”

4. He said, “I have cleaned the classroom already.”

5. He asked Tom, “Have you finished your homework? ”

6. She asked them, “Have you been abroad? ”

7. They asked me, “Where have you been? ”

8. She asked me, “Please give me your address.”

9. She asked me, “Would you like tea or coffee? ”

10. They asked me, “Please don’t let your teacher know this.”

二. 用本单元单词填空。

1. A h______ is a tool that you use to hitting things.

2. Someone who is b______ is willing to do something dangerous.

3. S______ is the feeling of deep sadness and regret.

4. Someone who is s______ pleasantly neat and clean in appearance.

5. If you a______ with somebody about something, you say things which show you don’t agree with them about it.

6. A m______ is a piece of glass where you can see yourself.

7. Someone who is h_______ is true to their friends and their countries.

【试题答案】

一. 1. Last Sunday he said to me that he was going to see me the next day/one day later.

2. Yesterday the teacher told the students that they would hand in their homework.

3. He said that he bought the radio 5 days before.

4. He said he had cleaned the classroom already.

5. He asked Tom if/whether he had finished his homework.

6. She asked them if/whether they had ben abroad.

7. They asked me where I had been.

8. She asked me to give her my address.

9. She asked me if/whether I would like tea or coffee.

10. They asked me not to let my teacher know that.

二. 1. hammer 2. brave 3. Sorrow 4. Smart 5. argue