One、that与人称代词的用法区别(精选3篇)
篇1:One、that与人称代词的用法区别
One和that可以代替上文的名词,以避免重复.这两个词与人称代词在用法上有什么不同?这两个词之间在用法上有什么不同?本文拟就此作一些探讨.
一、人称代词与one和that的比较
1.人称代词是代替上文提到过的那个(或那些)人、事或物。而one和that并不是代替上文提到过的那个(或那些)人、事或物,而是代替上文提到过的同类的人、事或物。
为了说明这一点,下面让我们看两个句子,这两个句子既有人称代词,也有one和that:
Brown’s old car is a good one; it is much better than our new one .句中的代替的不是car ,而是Brown’s old car;两个one代替的不是Brown’s old car,也不是old car ,而是car.
Underground water reserves are much larger than those on the surface, but they are unseen.句中they代替the underground water reserves,而those 代替water reserves.
2.One和that与人称代词都有单复数形式。但人称代词代替上文提到过的那个(或那些)人、事或物,因而在数上必须与之相同;而one和that只是代替上文提到过的同类的人、事或物,因此可以根据需要采用其相应的单数或复数形式,如:
What is the object of this experiment? We don’t see any connection between it (=this experiment) and those (=the experiment)you did before.
There are two states of motion in all things, that(=the state)of relative rest and that(=the state)of conspicuous charges.
3.人称代词与one和that的不同之处还有很多。例如人称代词有性的区别,而one和that则无性的区别等等。
另外,就one 本身来说,作一般代词时,它可以有所有格形式one’s;而作代用词时,就没有所有格的形式,如:
One should constantly think of one’s weakness.
The speed of the new machine is much greater than that of the old one .
显然,上句中的that of the old one,不能写成the old’s that .
二、One和that的比较
1、代替不可数名词时,只能用that ,不能用one ,如:
The volume of the sun is much greater than that of the moon.
2、代替可数名词时,可以用that,也可以用one .正式文体多用that,口语中用one.代替表人的名词时,单数一般用one ,复数则用ones或those 均可。如:
The students standing at the door are the ones(或those)of class 6.
3、代替可数名词时,当该名词有前位修饰语(前置定语)时,则:
a).只能用one ,不能用that,如:
I like a strong cup of tea better than a weak one ,(不能用that )
b).当前位修饰语为名词所有格时,除非与形容词连用,否则就不能用one,如:
My cheap camera seems to be just as good as John’s expensive one .
This is my hat and that is my brother’s(不能写成my brother’s one )
c).当前位修饰语为own或基数词时,不能用one,如:
I can’t write properly with your pen; I’d rather use my own.(不能用my own one )
You have three books ; I have only two.(不能用two ones)
4、代替可数名词,并且该名词无前位修饰语,只有后位修饰语(后置定语)时:
a).可以用that,也可以用one, 如:
The children who do best in examinations are not always the ones(或those)with the best brain.
b).当of 介词短语作后位修饰语时,多用that.如:
The light of the sun is much greater than that of the moon.
篇2:One、that与人称代词的用法区别
邮编:215400
在英语中,为避免重复,往往把重复出现的表示人或物的名词,用某些代词来代替。常用的代词有it, one和that,其相应的复数形式分别为they,(宾格为them), ones以及those。但在实际应用中,究竟怎样区分使用一直是不少同学感动棘手的问题。下面笔者就通过历届高考,对这些词的用法加以总结。
I.NMET.93.17. I was disappointed with the film. I had expected ______to be much better.
A. that B.this C.one D.it
此题答案为D, it取代上文中的the film。
NMET.98.49. But Fant…shouted at the top of her voice “Look at ______! They ‘re all out of step except my John..”
A. them B .those C. that D. him
此题答案为A,取代上文提到的soldiers,即此句中的they。
从以上两例中我们可以看出:重复提到的名词前若没有定语修饰,并且单独使用,又是特指时,单数用it代替,复数主格用they,宾格用them代替;it也可代指不可数名词。
再如:
1. Long long ago , there was a war between the birds and the beasts. No one knew what they fought about.
2. He drew his sword and thrust it at me.
3. Much as I like the books, I will not buy them.
句1中they 代替the birds and the beasts,句2中it代指his sword,句3中them代替the books.
II.NMET.92.36. Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils, except ______who had already taken them.
A. these B.ones C.the ones D. the others
答案为C, the ones代指 the pupils.
NMET.95.21. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ______.
A. it B. those C. them D. one
答案为D, one代指glass,泛指“一只杯子”。
NMET.. 23. _Why don’t we take a little break?
_Didn’t we just have ______?
A. it B. that C. one D. this
答案为C, one 泛指a break。
由此我们可以总结出:重复出现的名词前有冠词和定语修饰时,单数用one,复数用ones代替,可以特指也可以泛指;有时冠词也可以用物主代词或指示代词来代替,定语可以是前置,也可以是后置;若重复出现的名词单独使用,且泛指一类事物中的任何一个时,用one 取代。
又如:
1. However, new shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.
2. –If you don’t like the red coat, take the blue one.
- OK, but do you have a bigger size in blue?( NMET.93.35)
3. A bridge made of stones costs much less than one made of steel.
4. These yellow balls are bad; I want those white ones.
5. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, one I will always treasure. (NMET..35.)
句1中 ones代替上文中的shoots,特指;句2中的one代替上文的coat,特指;句3中one代替上面的a bridge,泛指;句4中ones代指上文中的balls,特指。5句中的one代替前面的moment,泛指,在此处作moment的同位语。
III.NMET.99.17. Few pleasures can equal _____of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some B. any C.that D.those
答案为C, 句意为“没有什么快乐能与在炎热的夏天喝上一杯冷饮那种快乐相提并论”,that 代指pleasure, 且为单数。
因此,当重复出现的名词有后置定语修饰,其前面又没有冠词时,单数用that,复数用those代替 ;不可数名词用that代替。
1. Today‘s libraries differ greatly from those of the past.
2. The climate of Shenyang is as good as that of Beijing.
句1中的those代替前面的libraries,句2中的that代替前面的不可数名词climate。
Exercise: Fill in the blanks with “it, they, them, one, ones, that” and “those”.
1. Your cat is white and my young ______is white too.
2. All the students are in the classroom and ______are listening carefully.
3. Mary’s handwriting is far better than ______of Peter.
4. A new model of TV is on sale. Would you like to get ______?
5. The books on the lower shelf are easier than ______on the upper shelf.
6. The boy told him his story and also ______of the girl upstairs…and ______of the terrible wrong that had been done by the two noble men.
7. I can’t find the book I bought yesterday. ______must be somewhere.
8. The living conditions on the Owen’s farm are very close to _____in a city.
9. Many people were killed in their cars , but a few lucky ______were not hurt.
10. Their kitchen is as modern as ______in town because they want to save time for other work.
篇3:人称代词与物主代词用法归纳
单数形式:I-me, you-you, he-him, she-her, it-it
复数形式:we-us, you-you, they-them
二、人称代词在句中的作用
(1) 主格作主语。如:
I am English.我是英国人。
(2) 宾格作宾语, 放在及物动词或介词之后, 有时还可以在口语中用作表语。如:
(1) I don’t know him.我不认识他。 (动词宾语)
(2) What’s wrong with you?你怎么了? (介词宾语)
三、人称代词并列用法的排列顺序
(1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时, 其顺序为:
第二人称→第三人称→第一人称
即:you and I;he/she/it and I;you, he/she/it and I
(2) 复数人称代词作主语时, 其顺序为:
第一人称→第二人称→第三人称
即:we and you;you and they;we, you and they
为帮助同学们理解和掌握英语人称代词, 请记住下面的口诀:
人称代词分主/宾, 只有八对要区分。
你 (们) 、它主/宾同一形, 其余主/宾须分清。
谓语之前主格填, 动/介之后宾格跟,
口语运用最灵活, 表语也可用宾格。
人称代词并列现, 注意顺序礼貌见,
二一、三一、二三一, 第一人称最谦虚,
若把错误责任担, 第一人称须当先。
四、物主代词在句中的作用
用来表示某人或某物属于“谁的”的代词叫做物主代词。形容词性物主代词有:my (我的) , your (你的、你们的) , our (我们的) , his (他的) , her (她的) , its (它的) , their (他们的) 。形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性, 常放在名词前面作定语, 表明该名词所表示的人或物是“谁的”。
1. 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词, 在句中只能用作定语, 后面必须跟名词。例如:
Is that your bike?那是你的自行车吗?
2. 如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词, 就不能再用冠词 (a, an, the) 、指示代词 (this, that, these, those) 等修饰词了。例如:
这是他的书桌。
误:This is his a desk.
正:This is his desk.
3. 与形容词一起修饰名词时, 形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。如:his English books他的英语书, their Chinese friends他们的中国朋友。
4. 汉语中经常会出现“我妈妈”, “你们老师”等这样的语言现象, 虽然代词用的是“我”、“你们”, 但实际意义仍是“我的”、“你们的”, 所以在英译时, 注意要用形容词性物主代词“my”, “your”。例如:
你妈妈在家吗?
误:Is you mother at home?
正:Is your mother at home?
5. it’s与its读音相同, he’s与his读音相似, 但使用时需注意它们的区别 (it’s和he’s分别是it is和he is的缩略形式, 但its和his却是形容词性物主代词) 。例如:
It’s a bird.Its name is Polly.它是一只鸟。它的名字叫波利。
He’s a student.His mother is a teacher.他是一名学生。他妈妈是一位教师。
五、名词性物主代词在句中的作用
1. 作主语, 例如:
May I use your pen?Yours works better.
我可以用一用你的钢笔吗?你的比我的好用。
2. 作宾语, 例如:
I love my motherland as much as you love yours.
我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。
3. 作介词宾语, 例如:
Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.
你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话, 而不能按你自己的意义去解释。
4. 作主语补语, 例如:
例句:This is my case.
This case is mine.在这里的mine带有“我的 (书) ”的意思。
This book belongs to me.
【One、that与人称代词的用法区别】相关文章:
代词it, one, that与高考04-16
人称代词的用法04-19
人称代词的用法及练习09-02
英语人称代词用法05-13
汉语“人称代词+的”08-05
人称代词物主代词专题05-08
人称代词物主代词专项08-08
人称代词免费05-27
宾语人称代词06-10
古汉语中的人称代词解读05-26