美好的的心灵范文（精选6篇）
篇1：美好的的心灵范文
诵读国学经典 滋润美好心灵
“父母呼，应勿缓 ；父母命，行勿懒 ；父母教，须敬听； 父母责，须顺承．．．．．”这是前几天在家听孩子嘟囔的。寒假时给他俩买了一套国学经典诵读光盘。小家伙们每天都吵着要看要听。现在居然能背上几句了，我心里觉得美滋滋的。做为一名老师，不由得想起学校的孩子了，他们不也需要这种精神食粮吗？
中华传统文化源远流长,五千年的文化积淀,孕育了中华民族诚信、友爱、温文有礼的优雅人格。国学经典不仅是中国悠久传统文化的明证,也是每一个中国人的立身处世之本,更是我们不可或缺的精神力量。比如《论语》，它包含了立身、处事、为学、从政等丰富的人生经验和人生智慧。它提出了许多做人的原则，“吾一日三省其身，为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？”。又比如《弟子规》,虽然总共仅有1080个字,360句,但却把一个人如何孝敬父母、友爱兄弟、立身处事、待人接物、修身治学等等的态度和礼仪概括的淋漓尽致。其他的如《童蒙须知》、《孝经》、《礼记》、《颜氏家训》等一系列经典，无一不蕴含着优秀的中华传统美德。由此看来国学经典,可以让孩子们系统地直面中华传统文化的精华,接受中华传统文化和传统美德的熏陶,在潜移默化中形成优秀的道德品质。这不正是我们学校德育工作应该努力地方向吗？
那么我们如何把诵读国学经典和学校德育工作结合起来呢？
一是编写国学校本教材。结合学校实际情况，根据不同年级选取不同篇目的原则编写一套适合本校学生的校本教材。
二是将国学诵读常规化，确保诵读时间。比如每天早晨20分钟经典诵读；每周一节经典诵读讲读课；每学期开展两次国学诵读研讨课；
三是打造国学文化特色。为孩子们创造一个良好的国学经典学习氛围。学校可以因地制宜，充分利用一切可利用的空间设置国学经典内容。在教学楼内外墙、楼梯台阶、校园围墙上，或诗或画；利用学校文化园地、宣传栏、广播站等宣传阵地，定期开办古诗文专栏，为学生随时随地欣赏诗词文赋营造良好的环境。
四是定期开展多种践行活动，塑造学生完美人格。学校可以定期开展“孝顺的好孩子”、“文明学生”、“践行《弟子规》标兵”“文明礼仪示范班”等评比活动，激发学生把诵读的内容内化成自身的行为。
总之，开展国学经典诵读活动不仅能让孩子们深刻地感受中华传统文化的魅力，提升孩子语言文字运用能力，更重要的是能滋润孩子美好的心灵，让孩子们在潜移默化中形成优秀的道德品质。
篇2：美好的的心灵范文
放眼世界，呈现在眼前的是一派纷繁复杂的景象，其中惨杂着人世间的喜怒哀乐，悲欢离合，好似一个大观园。那我们如何在其间取其精华，弃其糟粕，使 我们的生活充满意义呢？心态决定了一切，我们要用美好的心灵看世界。
“生活是一面镜子，你对它笑，它就会对你笑；你对它哭，它也就会对你哭。”这正如你的心灵，如果你用美好的心灵看世界，那你就会发现世界竟是如此美好，处处充满阳光。相反，如果你用丑恶的心灵看世界，那你只会觉得世界过于狰狞，处处都存在着阴霾。因此，只有以美好的心灵看世界，你才会拥有美好的生活。
那怎样用美好的心灵看世界呢？用美好的心灵看世界，就是以乐观的精神面对人生，以积极的态度面对生活，以顽强的意志面对困难和挫折，以寻找美的眼光看待他人……总之，用美好的心灵看世界就是用微笑面对一切。
发明大王爱迪生在发明电灯以前，试验过无数种作灯丝的材料，但却屡试屡败。他的朋友对他说：“你试过这么多灯丝，都失败了，你干脆放弃吧！事实证明你是不行的。”爱迪生听后，笑着说：“我并没有失败，我只是发现了许多不适合做灯丝的材料。”后来，爱迪生终于在这无数次“发现”后，找到了真正适合做灯丝的材料。从这位伟大发明家诙谐的言辞中，我们深刻感受到爱迪生的人格魅力，而这种人格魅力正是他那美好心灵的精神焕发。他用微笑面对了失败。
一位哑巴少女在被人问及不能说话的感受时，并没有感觉尴尬与伤感，相反却以始终乐观的美好心灵对此作出了回答：我虽不能说话，但我还是幸福的，我能听，能写，能唱歌，会跳舞，虽然命运夺去了我说话的权力，但我依旧能享受这美好的世界。她这用笔写出来的回答深深感染着在场的每一个人，她那美好的心灵一直延伸蔓延到人们心底最深处，激励人们不断向前……她用微笑面对了挫折。
篇3：守护美好的心灵
关键词：德育教育,素质,策略
学生作为国家人才战略的重要资源,他们的优秀与否将会直接影响国家的未来和命运。积极做好学生的教育工作对国家的发展至关重要。 随着时代进步,学生的知识水平虽然不断提高,但是道德素质却呈现不同的发展。为了提高学生道德素质,让学生保持本真品性,学校需要加强对学生的德育教育,其中班主任对学生的德育教育更是责无旁贷,义不容辞。
一、以身作则,为学生做榜样
在学校,学生的一言一行都会受到周边环境的影响。尤其是对于中、小学阶段的学生而言,他们模仿能力很强,在学校的生活和学习过程更容易受到教师,尤其是班主任的影响,进而形成自己的思想和行为。在学校教育过程中,班主任与学生在一起的时间较长,在道德、素质方面对学生的影响较大。学生的德育教育应该从班主任做起。班主任要在日常的班级管理过程中以身作则,在学生面前做好表率作用,争取成为学生在道德素质方面的榜样,成为守护学生美好心灵的使者。例如班主任在学生的教育工作中要做到正直、公平、民主,要将尊重落实在与每一位学生的交流与沟通上,不能以学习成绩作为衡量学生的唯一标准,对每位学生要一视同仁。另外要从自身做起,教会学生人人平等,班主任每天必须要按时到校,不能搞特殊,与学生共同遵守规则,让学生从班主任的一言一行中感受到教师的魅力,愿意以班主任为学习的榜样,久而久之会不断约束自己的行为,做一名遵守纪律,道德高尚的学生。
二、关爱学生,推行德育教育
对于中、小学阶段的学生而言,“爱”的教育才是最好的教育。 班主任要将“爱”作为自己与学生沟通的桥梁,要意识到爱心在师生关系中的重要价值和意义。只有班主任掌握了对学生之“爱”,对岗位之 “爱”,才能真正愿意从学生的角度出发,思考学生真正需要学习什么, 也才能更好地开展德育教育,守护学生美好的心灵。在日常与学生的接触过程中,班主任不能“居高临下”,要平易近人。用实际行动、从细微之处对学生传递出关爱之情。尤其是当学生做错事,或者成绩不太理想的时候,班主任更要从关爱学生的角度出发,积极梳理学生内心的恐惧和不安,耐心倾听学生的想法,然后通过拥抱学生等肢体语言告诉学生要有信心战胜困难,调整心态,重塑信心。让学生在轻松自然的状态下乐于接受班主任的教育帮助,使心灵和品格因爱的滋润而不断成长。
三、认真负责,帮助学生发展
“教师是学生的心灵工程师”,而班主任就是这个“总工程师”。 对待学生的心灵教育更需要认真负责,致力于学生的成长和发展。在教学教育过程中,班主任要时刻保持勤勉,要随时深入学生当中去了解和发现学生的实际问题。在学校,班主任就是学生最亲近的人,只有班主任的身心随时保持与学生在一起,掌握学生的心理变化和道德行为方向,才能更好地对学生的素质教育得心应手,同时针对学生做好道德教育,使学生在德育和智育方面全面均衡发展。
四、稳抓学生日常行为规范
在班主任爱护学生,认真负责地教育学生的同时,还需要对学生的一些行为严格约束,在“爱”中体现“严格”,在“严格”中透露“关爱”, “恩威并施”才能更好地对学生进行德育教育,守护好学生的心灵。
(一)规范纪律,培养学生自控。对于中、小学阶段的学生而言,他们的自我教育意识还比较弱,而且自我反思的能力也不强。如果一味纵容学生的某些行为,而不加约束,那么学生很可能就会越来越大胆,这对于学生的德育教育是不利的,同时对学生的未来也是不负责的。班主任对学生进行德育教育的第一步就是要严格要求学生遵守学校规章制度,要约束学生的行为,让学生遵守学校纪律。在日常生活中, 通过班主任的监督和帮助,使学生逐步学会自我约束、控制,养成良好的自我管理能力,提高自我教育的能力,约束自己的道德行为,使自己的道德素质日臻完善。
(二)建立轮值制度,培养学生责任感。现阶段许多学生都是家中的独生子女,所以在家中都是掌上明珠,没有经历磨难,很少参与家务,这造成学生的自理能力差和责任感不足。学生未来要在社会立足, 要与别人协同合作,就必须学会承担责任。班主任需要将“责任”灌输给学生,让学生敢于担当责任,最终走向卓越。
班主任可在班级建立学生“轮值”制度,让班级的学生都有机会为其余学生和教师服务,承担作为班级一份子需要担当的责任。学生在轮值过程中会体会到自己对集体的贡献,以及自己需要担负的责任,通过这种在日常中的点滴道德行为,让学生逐渐养成良好的道德素质。使学生不但培养了责任心和公民意识,还能提升自身道德,可谓一举多得。
(三)规范日常行为,提高学生自立能力。学生的道德素质教育应该从学生的日常行为抓起。班主任需要在学生的日常生活中规范学生的行为,让学生不断修正自己行为,逐渐养成自立的习惯。教师在学生的日常行为中加以引导,让学生在潜移默化中取得进步,提高自身道德素质,形成良好的习惯。
五、构建良好的班风,带动学生进步
班级是学校教育中最具代表的单位,学生在班级学习和生活,班级的好坏将会对学生的行为和未来的发展产生巨大的影响。所以积极营造一个良好的班级环境对学生而言至关重要。班主任要积极引导,和学生共同打造一个学习氛围浓郁,思想素质高尚的班集体,让每一位学生都能在健康的班级中学习和成长,不断推动学生进步。
六、结束语
班主任积极做好表率,关爱学生,严格要求学生,并在学生的日常生活中约束学生不当的行为和思想,通过良好的班风建设,推动学生不断进步,提升其德育水平,提高道德素质。最终才能守护学生美好的心灵,保持学生本真品性,让学生的成长之路充满阳光与鲜花。
参考文献
[1]郭丽.论幸福教育之小学班主任德育工作的方法与策略[J].教育教学论坛,2014,33:246-247.
[2]沈汝英.浅谈班主任德育教育的时机把握[J].成功(教育),2012,10:257.
篇4：美好的心灵之旅
张佐香，一个以教书为业的女子，在《萌芽》《散文选刊》《散文》《北京文学》《中华活页文选》《作家文摘》等发表作品近百万字，部分作品入选语文教材和30多个省市中、高考语文试卷，并被100余种选本收录，现系江苏省“333工程”培养对象、江苏省作家协会签约作家、《思维与智慧》签约作家、《创新作文》特约编辑等。获过老舍散文奖、孙犁散文奖和中国新闻奖提名（副刊）等省级以上文学奖项20多次。《中国教师》《作家报》《江苏作家》《杨子晚报》《现代快报》等20余家媒体对其作过报道。散文集《亲亲麦子》正在当当网、亚马逊等处热销中。
[内容介绍]
《亲亲麦子》是一本有益于孩子心灵成长的书。《亲亲麦子》构建了一个神秘的大自然的殿堂，在这个殿堂里有麦子在风中翩翩起舞，有风和树叶的奇妙合奏，有蜻蜓和荷花的窃窃私语……《亲亲麦子》描绘了那些留在记忆深处的故事，亲切质朴，弥足珍贵而格外感人……《亲亲麦子》字里行间洋溢着充满诗意的独到的见解和人生的智慧，让孩子得到在课堂上和生活中不一样的气息，使孩子的心灵分解出“讲究的情绪”和“纯正的趣味”，从而提升生命的质量。
《亲亲麦子》能给孩子一双慧眼，让孩子从不同角度抓住事物的特点，看到事物的独特之处，看到别人看不到的东西。《亲亲麦子》能给孩子一颗敏感智慧的心灵，让孩子的心灵与大自然和社会生活产生共鸣。在孩子们写作文的时候，那些孩子熟悉的、感动过孩子的人和事物，会在孩子的眼前闪现，孩子笔下流淌出来的文字，才会有真情实感，才会有感染力。《亲亲麦子》为孩子们插上一双想象的翅膀，学会联想、比喻和拟人，可以让孩子的作文写得生动丰富、妙趣横生。《亲亲麦子》还会给孩子一种语言文字的“点金术”，让孩子通过独特的思考，学会对各种词语进行分析、识别、排列、组合，让孩子笔下的文字奇妙而新鲜地涌现出来！在作者娓娓的述说中，孩子在不知不觉中掌握了驾驭阅读和写作的能力。
《亲亲麦子》就是这么神奇！
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亲亲麦子
麦子是一枝灿烂而实在的花朵，开在万里田畴之上，开在农民心坎上。
麦子的颗粒很美，有土壤般朴素柔和的质地和本色。一粒麦子是美丽的，一棵麦子是美丽的，一地麦子还是美丽的。麦子生命的每一个过程都是美丽的。麦子原本是一粒种子，浸润了阳光、空气、水分，结出黄灿灿的麦粒，丰富了我们的血液和躯体。麦子用它的物质颗粒和精神内核书写着人类的历史。
秋阳拂照着四野，耕耘过的田畴袒露出丰腴的肌肤，随着父亲手臂的挥动和铿锵的步伐，麦粒穿过深秋的空气落入土地。田野上空一阵又一阵金色的雨在秋阳里一闪一闪。父亲脸上荡漾着微笑的涟漪，把麦粒交给生命的家园。种子要想不丢失自己，就必须返回它生命的家园，走向疏松湿润的土壤，吸收大地的微温和芬芳。在秋雨的润泽下，绿色的剑刺破黑暗的泥土指向天空。嫩嫩的绿芽儿探出头来，它们挨挨挤挤地住在一起，以盛大的形式展开，以集体的力量显示其生存的意义。
麦子从容地迈过冬天的门槛，第一个用绿色的手与春天紧握。清纯的麦苗相依相扶、牵牵连连，一直铺向遥远的远方。瞬间，万野绿遍，大地尽染。麦子在一望无际的田畴尽情地拓展绿色的海洋。大地融进了蓝天，蓝天陷进了绿海。此时的乡亲们忙着在麦海里除草施肥。麦子在人类的呵护下，展示着拔节吐穗、开花灌浆的生命过程。麦子和人类在和谐的默契中相互期待、相互拥有。
麦子把生命之花开在头部，最完美地接受阳光雨露。麦子终于完成了对生命的雕塑，不动声色地吐露出饱满的穗子。麦穗就是国徽上的那穗。麦穗是绝妙的艺术品。数十粒麦子团结起来，井然有序地排列成一个柱体。麦粒大头朝下，小头尖尖向上，汗滴一般，而麦芒如剑直指蓝天。风来了，麦浪一波又一波，似乎整个大地都跳起了舞。父亲去看麦子的长势，怜惜地扯下几根麦穗搓着，然后眯起眼，吹起麦芒，将一手心鲜嫩的麦粒倒进嘴里。我去嗅麦子清香的味道，像掬起一捧水那样，用双手捧着几株麦穗，将脸贴在它们的上面，我手捧着它们表达我的亲近。在我心里，麦子就是我永远的亲人。
看母亲割麦是一件赏心悦目的事。镰刀闪着星月一般俏丽的锋芒。母亲一手抡开镰刀，一手揽麦入怀。镰刀贴着地皮，挥出一道优美的弧线。瞬间，麦子便倒进母亲温暖的怀里。母亲顺手抽出一绺，就势将麦铺翻转过来，捆好。麦把从腋间滑落下来，躺在田垄上。这一连串的动作一气呵成。农民为麦子备好行囊，走进炊烟袅袅的村庄。麦子收后的田野静静如茬。母亲细心地寻找麦穗，唯恐遗漏一粒，像在寻找土里的珍珠。融入了阳光、雨露、汗水的麦粒，是大地之树结出的鲜亮的果子，是大地母亲分泌的乳汁，哺育着人类。麦子是芸芸众生生命的基本元素，锻造着我们的灵魂。
麦子从容地走完真善美的一生，生根，长叶，开花，结果，奉献……麦子，普通而神圣的麦子，朴素而雅致的麦子，养育我们血脉和精神的麦子，弥漫着文化意蕴，流淌进海子纯洁的诗篇。面对你，我满心是俯首膜拜，诚谢敬仰！
原载2009年第3期《散文选刊》
灯光，高挑精神枝头的花朵
灯光，这高挑在精神枝头的花朵让我爱恋。
稍稍回忆一下就会想起，童年时在家乡常见的油灯是用铁皮做的。圆柱形的身子斜伸着一根细长的嘴，把屋子里照得朦朦胧胧。我人小怕黑，夜晚总觉得身后有什么东西跟着。祖母或母亲把油灯端到那儿，我就默不作声跟到那儿。跟着油灯的光亮才觉得安全。晚饭后，大人小孩时常聚在灯光下谈些奇闻轶事鬼狐神怪。油灯点得久了，灯芯上会结出黑豆般的灯花，发出“啪啪”的细碎的炸裂声。母亲用手中的缝衣针或织针轻轻一挑，父亲则弓起中指对着灯花迅速一弹，灯花落了，屋里又亮了许多。一盏油灯给清静的乡村夜晚带来了温暖、团聚、欢乐，也在泥坯墙上描绘出我渐渐长高的身影。
启蒙上学那年，父亲牵着我去学校报名。回来路过供销社买了一盏罩子灯，父亲用衣物包裹着它一路小心呵护。我很兴奋。父亲说：“你是学生了，要用讲究些的灯学习。”暮色四合，父亲取出罩子灯，“哧”地擦亮火柴，那红光如絮团化开，把一只硕大的玻璃罩罩上，拨亮灯芯，火红明亮的光焰在房间里弥散开来。我端坐桌前温习功课。天长日久玻璃罩被熏黑了，父亲取下往里面呵些热气，用手帕大的软布把它擦得水晶般透亮。微风入室，灯光摇曳，母亲总会在我旁边纳鞋底，我写字很慢，母亲就一直陪着我。光线很暗，母亲那里更暗，她的手被针扎了一下又一下，她总是等到很晚很晚。在油灯给予的温暖的光芒里，在书香相伴的夜晚里，我过早地睁开了一个少年看世界看人生的眼睛。
电灯的发明与利用，延伸了白昼的光明。当台灯柔和的光晕洒满书桌，一切浮躁与喧嚣被轻轻抹去，我的心安宁恬淡，如夜空静谧的星。长夜漫漫，夜凉如水，天下典籍浩如煙海，灯光与书籍引领我走进久远的、古圣先贤的灵魂的深处。这些博学敏思者身上澎湃着汩汨律动的智慧潮汐，睿智的目光中总有一种撼人心魄的力量。在光焰圣洁的照耀下，我读了多年书，我一直相信自己用来生活和写作的语言是高贵而纯粹的，就像我故乡的河流、田野、麦垛。凝神于夜的深处，我的文字踩着方格的水田日夜兼程，穿过钢筋水泥的丛林，翻越故乡的山冈，来到灯光圈出的这一片园地，在笔尖分蘖出丛丛绿草，阵阵稻香，片片月色……灯下的阅读和写作让我荒芜的心境变成绿色的原野，让我迷茫的眼睛明亮如星。
灯光折射出多样的人生，映照出不同的灵魂。有人在灯光下畅游在知识的海洋里，灯光是一盏长明的航标；有人在灯光下攀登着科学的顶峰，灯光是一架跋涉的云梯；有人在灯光下忘我地工作，灯光是一位忠诚的伴侣；亦有人沉溺于灯红酒绿，灵魂在灯下麻木，人生在灯下荒芜。
人生如灯，请把你的灯提得高些、更高些，燃得亮些、更亮些……只有这样，你的光芒才能照射得更广阔更深远。
篇5：一段美好的的时光作文
——题记
那年夏天，日光和快乐同时泛滥，学校里的合欢花开满了树，晕染了一片粉红色的光，又犹如摇曳在轻巧舞娘头上的红丝带，带着幽幽香气，悄悄袭来。
我记得同桌就是球迷呢!于是大家穿上了花花绿绿的雨衣，撑起圆鼓鼓的伞，铃声湿淋淋地黏在地面上，大家变成了一颗颗在森林里奔跑的蘑菇。 哦，还有那一场场考试呢!
有好几次，头顶上的白光几乎像伸出手来，抓住每一个滴着汗水的、辛勤工作的学校清洁工，直到非得吐出啪啪的声音方才罢休。我们坐在舒适的教室里，笔下流淌着光彩的智慧，望望窗外的保洁员工，我们心里真是吱溜吱溜冒酸水，谢谢叔叔阿姨!
晚修后放学的校园，花花草草沾染了露水，树木的清香钻进了我们的毛孔，一湿漉漉的`，是不是天空哭了呢?这些植物嫩叶突然就成了浸泡在泪水里的珍贵茶叶。
我没来得及好好闻一闻校园的气味，就不知道和谁端水洗脸去了，毕竟天气太热了。
那段日子，大家还记得吗?
我怀念曾经因你的一阵微笑而激荡起来的风，夹着悲欢和一去不回的昨天，浩浩荡荡地穿越我单薄的青春。时光流逝，像一颗透明美丽的琥珀，成为闪光的永恒。
年华扑闪扑闪，我们和时光手牵手，在不同的道路上轰轰烈烈地奔跑，怀着拥有那一段时光的回忆，踏上新的旅途。 [3] 那一段
篇6：计算机专业英语的的一些特点范文
计算机专业英语是各个层次的计算机类专业的必修课，是大学英语教学的延伸和提高，也是学生大学期间英语不断线教育中非常重要的一环。由于计算机学科的特殊性，即绝大部分计算机新技术都源于国外，要想快速学习、掌握这些新技术和新的开发工具，必须能够熟练地阅读计算机英文文献。同时目前倡导的双语教学，要求部分专业课程要用原版英文教材，这就要求学生必须先掌握足够的基础知识专业词汇。所以专业英语对计算机科学及相关专业的学生来讲，非常重要。
计算机专业英语教学的目标是培养学生掌握常用的计算机专业英语词汇、培养科技英语的阅读理解、翻译及写作能力，但各高校基本上都是将该课程设为考查课程，相当一部分学生学习效果不理想。从毕业设计中的专业外文文献翻译和毕业论文的英文摘要，就可以明显地看出来，有的学生甚至直接使用“金山快译”之类的翻译软件来翻译。如何更好地讲授好计算机专业英语课程，达到更好地教学效果，是许多计算机学科的教师探讨的课题。计算机专业英语的特点
计算机专业英语除了具有科技英语的一般特点外，还有其自身的特点。
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长句多。
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被动语句多。
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祈使语句多。
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专业术语多。
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新词多，且合成新词多。
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缩略语多。
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一词多义。
其中缩略语出现的频度高，以及新词(包括新缩略语)产生快和数量多是计算机专业英语区别于其它学科专业英语的主要特点。教学内容的选择
3.1 教材的选择
计算机专业英语的教材比较多，层次也不同。选择一本合适的教材是取得好的教学效果的基础，选择教材时有以下几个原则：
(1)全面性。计算机专业英语是要介绍计算机专业课程涉及的词语和知识，所以教材内容要尽量全面，至少要包括大部分计算机专业课程的内容，如计算机原理、数字逻辑、数据结构、数据库、操作系统、计算机网络、软件工程、程序设计语言等等。目的是掌握相关词汇，所以理论上不要求太深，通常是介绍性质的，事实上目前计算机英语教材中不少课程内容都是源自某一课程的英文教材的内容介绍，或者是摘编出来的。
(2)时效性。由于计算机技术发展非常迅速，且新技术市场化周期越来越短，要使学生能够掌握新的计算机技术和新的实用工具软件，就必须考虑教材内容的时效性，达到与时俱进。
(3)适用性。由于计算机专业英语教材较多，层次不同，包括两年高职、三年高职、专生本、本科等层次，相应的内容深浅、侧重点各有不同。同时现在计算机相关专业也越来越多，如计算机科学与技术、软件工程、网络工程、信息安全专业、软件测试等，不同的或方向对课程内容的侧重也不同，所以要根据不同的教学对象选择适用的教
材，当然，也可以对教材内容进行选择性的取舍。
3.2 适当补充新内容
由于教材编写的时滞性，一些实用的新技术不会包括在教材中，而计算机是一门实用性很强的学科，学生急于了解计算机新的技术发展和应用情况，特别是实用性的技术和新软件功能等，所以要根据当前的技术发展，适当补充一些介绍计算机新技术的内容。如笔者在近年的教学中，及时补充了ASP.Net、IP V6、超线程(Hyper-Threading)、Dual-Core Processor、DDR Memory等实用性强的新技术的文章，很受学生欢迎。根据经验，学生是非常乐于了解新技术的，特别是那些已得到应用的主流技术。
另外，大部分教材内容理论性较强，对一些基本的实用操作则介绍很少，如对于CMOS设置、键盘上各键名称的具体含义、软件基本操作术语等基本的实用英语则很少有介绍，甚至部分学生本科毕业时还不知道“Ctrl”、“Alt”键等具体是哪个英文词及其实际含义，“有专业没常识”。所以在教学时，应当补充这些最基本的内容。
在教学时还应适当讲授科技英语的阅读、翻译和写作的基本知识和技巧，使学生能够熟练翻译相关的技术文章，并基本上可撰写一般性英文科技论文，特别是要掌握科技论文英文摘要的写作方法。
总之，在教学内容上，要达到全面性、时效性、实用性的合理协调。教学进度安排以及与专业课程的协调
计算机专业英语教材的内容通常是以计算机专业课程为单元编排的，如计算机硬件、数据结构、数据库原理等等。本科计算机专业英语通常是在三年级开设，专科通常是在最后一学年开设，此时学生有些专业课程还没有学到，这样就会增加对计算机英语课文理解的难度。所以在教学进度的安排上，要兼顾其它专业课程的教学进度，对于学生没有学过的专业课程，由于在学习对应的专业英语时，学生没有该方面的概念，老师又不可能将理论原理讲得很透彻，学生学起来可能会一头雾水。对于已经学过的专业课程，再学习相应的专业英语，其效果要好得多。另外还要考虑采用双语教学的专业课程，合理灵活地安排课程内容和进度，不一定非要按照课本上的章节顺序来进行。
计算机专业英语的一些特点(2)教学及辅助教学形式的多样化
多媒体及其它现代技术已广泛应用于教学，利用这些技术可以使教学形式多样化，获得传统的教学方式难以获得的良好的教学效果。除了传统的板书教学外，还可以利用下列方式。
(1)PPT等课件。利用投映机播放PPT课件来讲解课文，要比让学生都低着头看自己的课本讲解，效果要好得多。
(2)音频。目前部分计算机英语教材都提供了相应课文的音频材料，而且网上也有许多计算机专业英语的听力材料，利用PC教师也可以自己录制英语课文的录音。利用音频可以有效地锻炼学生的专业英语的听力和口语。
(3)视频与动画。许多计算机相关网站上都有计算机技术和知识的视频材料，特别是一些著名的IT公司如IBM、Microsoft等公司的网站上，经常及时地提供介绍其新技术和新产品的英文版视频和动画，其发音纯正，制作精美，形象直观，时间通常为几分钟，介绍一种产品或技术的主要特点。观看这类视频短片或动画，提高了学生学习的兴趣，学生既锻炼了听力，同时也学到了新技术，所以效果非常好。
辅助教学对教学效果的影响非常重要，要想使学生很好地掌握计算机英语，除了课堂上的面对面的教学、交流外，还要充分利用其它的辅助教学手段。网络技术的普及为我们提供了多种辅助教学方式。
(1)网络课程。教师可以在校园网上建立自己的计算机英语网络课程，将自己的教学课件等资料放在上面，教师可以通过网络课程布置作业、上传学习资料、答疑等。学生可以随时访问学习，提交作业、提问题等。网络课程在校园内已成为教师的一种重要的辅助教学平台，也是学生重要的学习的平台。
(2)博客。虽然博客近几年才开始兴起，但已有许多教育工作者尝试将其应用于教育中，有的已取得了很好的效果。
目前许多网站都提供了免费的博客空间，并有专门的“教师博客”、“学生博客”网站等用于网络教育。博客的特点是网页创建非常简单，且使用方便，空间免费，无须个人维护。可以作为教师的辅助教学平台和学生的自主学习的平台。如笔者创建的个人的计算机专业英语博客，可以方便地上传计算机英语学习资料、作业等，同时不定期地开展专业英语学习专题讨论，要求学生提问题和发表评论必须使用英语，学生也非常乐于访问、交流，自然而然地提高了学生的计算机英语阅读和表达能力，已成为一个重要的辅助教学方式。
(3)E-Mail。E-Mail作为一种日常的通信工具，笔者要求学生在向笔者发E-Mail全部使用英语，当然给学生的回复也是英文的，通过这种方式，也可以有效地锻炼学生的英文阅读能力和写作能力，学生也乐
于以这种方式与老师交流，很好地配合了计算机专业英语的教学。
另外网上有许多英文的计算机幽默短文和漫画，在讲解课文时适当地让学生看一则相关的计算机幽默(英文)或一幅计算机漫画，可以活跃课堂气氛，加深印象，寓教于乐。还有许多学生都喜欢听那些经典的和流行的英文歌曲，虽然不是关于计算机的英文歌曲，但由于歌词通常都很精炼，语法简明，学生也爱听，在课间休息时播放学生喜爱的英文歌曲，潜移默化，有助于其英语水平的提高。作业与考核
平时的作业和考核也是课程学习的重要部分，由于许多计算机英语教材在书后都提供了课文的参考译文和练习答案，所以相当一部分学生对课本上的作业习惯于抄答案，这样一方面对学生没有任何效果，另一方面也干扰了老师对学生学习情况的准确了解。对此可以采用灵活的课下作业和考核方式。如将课外的计算机英语音频资料提供给学生，安排在课下练习听力，下次上课利用几分钟来测试其效果。再如在课堂的最后几分钟安排随堂的快速翻译和写作，可以很好地培养学生的快速阅读和写作能力。笔者的实践证明，这些方式效果很好，学生也很欢迎。结束语
虽然计算机专业英语通常是辅课，但学生通过学习该课程，除了能进一步提高其专业英语水平外，还可以丰富其专业知识，提高其就业竞争力。所以学生对该课程的学习积极性是很高的。
要想很好地讲授好一门课程，作为教师需要付出大量的心血，还要广开思路，不断探索新的教学方法和技巧，提高教学效果，计算机专业英语课程也是一样。特别是语言的学习需要语境，教师要抓紧一切机会为学生创造条件，如在课下主动用英语与学生交流，课堂上增加互动，及时了解学生的意见等。当然计算机专业英语的学习涉及到教师、学生、与其它课程的协调等多种因素，要想方设法调动各方面的积极因素，针对课程的特点，利用多种有效的教学方法和辅助教学手段，以获得更好地教学效果。
The Analysis of Improvement of Government Executive Ability—
Abstract Government executive ability reflects the extent of the government strategy enforcing and the ability that government copes with public problems.Government executive ability is a complex systemic project, in which public policy play important and necessary roles.The public policy execution ability has a direct and profound impact on the enhancement of government executive ability.Thus, it is extremely
necessary and meaningful for us to analyze the government executive ability in the public policy perspective.Key words government executive ability, policy ability, policy means Introduction
Government executive ability is the government performance ability and execution extent of government strategy or scheme.Generally speaking, executive ability has the following special and important meanings.First of all, executive ability is the indemnification for the accomplishing of government strategic target.Any strategic target can’t be fulfilled without executive ability.The chief function of executive ability is to transform government strategic target into actual operable action.Well executive ability is the stable base for fulfilling strategic target.Secondly, executive ability reflects government abilities of administration and society management.Government governance efficacy is often embodied in the execution sections.The efficiency and the veracity reflects the level of government governance.Thirdly, executive ability is an efficient and key factor of consolidating of government’s validity and identify.Consequentially a government with well executive ability can win citizens’ trust and support.Because can better deal with all kinds of
public problems, improve citizens’ profit, make common people feel more self-important and full with hope.Fourthly, the improving of executive ability can help construction and development of government itself.Well executive ability is good for strengthening organization’s comity and responsibility consciousness.Fifthly, executive ability is the reflection of the ability of government adjustment and assign.Its elevation can enhance the ability of adjusting and conforming the recourses of government.The ability of conforming the recourses is the ability of collecting, harmonizing, managing the human, money, material, technology, idea and interpersonal relationship recourses.The purpose of the conformity is to change the recourses to the elevation of the government’s ability.The elevation of the government executive ability conduces to the elevation of the government’s ability in these fields.Sixth, the execution is the inspection and the revision of the government’s strategies.The processes of execution are the processes of results producing by the government’s strategies.Only through execution, the policy can be inspected and revised exactly.The executive ability is the inspection and reflection of the processes and results.The Public Policy Factor in Government Executive Ability
The public policy means the society public authority(mostly refers the
decision-maker of the public policy)constitutes the action plans or the choices to achieve a certain policy in a certain case.David Easten pointed out, “public policy is the authorizing distribution of the total society value.” This value is not only refers material, but the power, honor and status.Excerption for distributing the value, the policy distributes the society recourses.To achieve the strategy purposes, the government can distribute and assemble the society recourses such as human, money and material by policy.Thus we can clearly realize the relationship of the policy and the government.The relationship of the policy and the government is mainly in three aspects: First, policy is the carrier of the power, is the tool of the government governing.Francis Bacon pointed out that the right policy is in factor to complete ability needed by exerted the power.The ability is mainly expressed by winning support and agreement rather than conflict to obtain the authority and validity.It provides government a way to realize the validity.The form of the policy must be supported and agreed by the heart.The decision-maker must sense the necessity of establishing this kind of agreement.The policy is governor’s decision to obtain the balance of politic strength.Obviously, comparing the violence or the other governing methods(governance, rule), policy is a relative softy and rational governance tool.Not only authorities always declare their policy
is the result of rationally analyzing, the public is also inclined to expect to the government take the policy method when dealing with the public problems.In the hand, the policy provides authority for the government in the reason and evident.Of course, this only takes place in the relative democratic condition.Secondly, policy is the carrier of the government’s will.Decision-maker’s all kinds of “politic attempts” can be realized by the policy, such as settling conflicts, controlling discords and dissolving the other society problems.At the same time, the decision-maker regards the policy as the inspirit system of the government action, focusing on the aims of execution and offering the impetus for public execution.Of course, as government induces and inspirits the masses, it also inhibits and restricts them.Thirdly, policy is a government’s society management method or means.“Government using policy as the form and the measure, translates and utilizes the society recourses, macroscopically plans and deploys the society’s development, organizes the society economy activity, develops the education, science and culture and accumulate society, economy and culture.”
Policy is an important tool of government governance.The efficient of the tool affect the government’s activity directly.The policy ability’s good or not reflects government executive ability’s strong or not.The policy ability means as a tool, the degree of the policy adjusts its content.The policy ability in fact reflects the ability of government governance, which is a key index of the government executive ability.Government and policy depend on each other and elevate each other.l
The policy ability an important factor of government executive ability.Public policy is a main tool and means of government governing and management.Its operation(including policy instituting, policy executing, policy accessing, etc.)naturally is the important content of government activity whose majority part is policy planning, executing and accessing.So whether the policy ability can be carried out decides government executive ability.l
The incidence of public policy ability is restricted by the government executive ability.The effected scope of policy is limited by the government’s policy aim.The governance scope such as law, convention and counsel, should not be intervened and besides all these governance measures compose the government executive ability.On the contrary, the finite scope of the policy ability limited the government executive
ability’s extended scope, which often displays as to a same content the policy, only can adjust to a certain degree.The improvement of the government executive ability can help to increase the policy ability.The improvement of the government executive ability provide the policy’s constitution and execution a good guarantee of body, organization, leader and authority and can make the process of policy operation more smooth and effect, which elevate the policy ability.On this point, one thing, which should be mentioned specially, is that government execution and policy execution are two category concepts.Government execution is government carrying out the government strategies or purposes.It’s a section of government governance.Policy execution is the process of realizes the policy purpose with all kinds of resources.The execution of policy is a method of government governance---the execution and fulfilling section of public policy.Based on the perspective of public policy to analyze the weak government executive ability’s behavior and reasons
Actually not all of the government purposes or strategies will be realized.We can often find the government purpose or strategy be realized inadequately or defectively.An important reason of this situation is the
absence or weak of government executive ability.The weak government executive ability mainly includes: the benefit dispute between the center and the local, or the inner government departments, for their own partial benefit;the endless conflicts at the organization operation;block even break when government execution strategy(or policy);employer laziness;the public organization leader incapacity;the execution process distortion.The absence or weak of executive ability often behaves as the distortion of the execution process.It includes that the policy is inadequately or formally or selectively carried out.It virtually distorts the government strategy and policy.There are many reasons for the weak government executive ability.In the perspective of public policy, the analysis is following:
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In government structure, the scope of policy ability is not accurate.Because of microscopic decision covers large, and the policy is not concrete and has multiply status, the dominating area of policy ability could not definite and often absent and superposition.Similarly, this is also the recourse of conflicts between center and local, among the department of the public organization.l
The setting of the strategy target(also the policy target)is not
reasonable.The strategy(or the policy)setting correctly is the precondition of the government effective execution.The strategy setting must meet following several requirements: subject, clear, concrete and feasible.l
Policy subject—government’s character orientation is wrong.Government is not omnipotent, and should not take on all the society things.The practice proved that the government’s character should do it should do or it can do, such as providing the public products, arranging the society security.The wrong orientation results in the disadvantage government execution.If the government takes part in the microscopic economy excessively, the government execution will be weakened even go to the impasse rather than strengthen it.l
The system has bug and the policy has not be standardized.The system provides the outer environment for the public policy.The defect of system often leads to the instable policy or other negative effects such as one thing managed by several departments.This obviously goes against the government strategy and policy and influences severely the government executive ability.The standardization of the strategy and policy stresses the clear of the content and the form, maintains their authority, stability and validity.Standardization means authority and
government executive ability.l
There is absent of supervising and evaluating of the policy.We can’t image that he huge government system is absent of supervise and only depending on the people’s consciousness to execution the public policy and government strategy.The practice proved time and again that the successful and the effective government execution must have a strong, unique and relatively independent administrative supervision.Evaluation is another supervision, an afterwards supervision.To evaluate the results of the policy is the main content of the supervision.l
The policy edges—“majority’s tyranny “, on the rule of minority obeying majority, the minority will be ignored or harmed when their benefit is not consistent to the majority.This actually makes the policy unfair and damages the validity and identification of government.l
The crisis management policy is absent.The crisis event is paroxysmal, urgent, limited information and instable.When it breaks out, government executive ability could not carry out effectively as the government’s recourses, including system, process and policy etc.are restricted.The Analysis of Improvement of Government Executive Ability—(2)Improving public policy ability，enhance government executive ability
For changing of the disadvantage of government executive ability, elevating the ability of government public policy will strengthen it.The measures are following.4.1 Based on the perspective of the process of policy
4.1.1 The ability of confirming and programming the policy problems is the premise of the ability of government crisis management.Accurately grasping the problems will be helpful for the pertinence and effect of the government activity.The pertinence will help to use the policy(government)resources reasonably and to bring to the policy effect adequately and so elevating the government executive ability.4.1.2 The key of elevation the government executive ability is elevation the policy executive ability.The policy execution is relative to the realization of government’s intention and purpose and relative to
government executive ability.In another word, the degree and effect of the execution is represented the government executive ability.4.1.3 The ability of policy establishment is the safeguard and confirmation of the elevation of government executive ability.Policy establishment will judge the effect of the policy’s value after execution.According to the result, decision-maker can determine that if the certain policy should continue, adjust or end.Either to re-establish the resources or adjust the policy will affect government executive ability.4.2 Based on the perspective of the policy subject—government
4.2.1 The policy subject—government’s authority and credit is the safeguard of the policy ability.Elevation the validity and identity of the policy subject leads to actualize the government strategy.When the government’s validity and identity is high, the policy will actualize smoothly, and the public will cooperate and support.Similarly, the favorable government executive ability is rooted in the understanding and consent of the public whose obedience is the resources of authority.4.2.2 On the other hand, the government’s limited sense, subjective tendency and selfish will erode the policy ability.The justness and the
validity of the policy subject is the guarantee of the effective policy execution.The object factor(such as information)and the limit of itself make the government can’t absolutely sense when it make decision, and the selfish and tendency destroy its policy ability.The solution is democracy decision and public participation, which will elevate the level of the decision-make and the effect of the policy execution, and as a result, elevate the government executive ability.4.3 Based on the perspective of policy resources(or outer limiting condition of policy)
4.3.1 The current society system structure and the inertia of the institution limit the policy ability.Either a new policy or adjusting the old policy is the re-distribution of the society resources and values, which certainly will change the current benefit relationship and function status.These all will resist the change.So analyzing and harmonizing the current relative connection and the benefit structure will elevate the policy ability and government executive ability.4.3.2 The contradiction and balance of the government governance measures confirms the elevation of the policy ability.The government governance measures not only include policy, but also include national
system, laws and regulations, moral ethics, manners and customs which have their own character and applying area, and will make the policy recourse applying more effectively.4.3.3 The policy’s implicit effect should be recognized, the symbolic functions should be focuses and the government’s standardizing, inspiriting and leading ability should be elevated.The explicit target and function of policy mainly resolve the public problems and harmonize the society contradictions.It’s direct and clear.And the implicit and symbolic function has particular effect in the government executive ability, which is indirect and potential, such as politic lectures, counsels, communication and politician demonstration.4.4 Based on the perspective of the form of policy analysis
To strengthen the government executive ability should elevate the following public policy’s three aspects:
4.4.1 To elevate the policy’s standardization.This will increase the policy ability and government executive ability.The standardization includes three factors: “authority boundary, clear boundary which can be delivered and communicated, and the boundary can be maintained by enough
recourses and conditions.”The policy’s standardization will increase the policy effectiveness and government executive ability.4.4.2 To elevate the policy’s propagable ability.The policy propagable ability includes three points: understandable, the unhindered approach and the proper measures, the efficiency of the results.The analysis must be done to confirm if the policy is necessary and if it according to the public.4.4.3 To elevate the policy’s harmony.This can elevate the government executive ability.There must be correspondence, consistent and adaptability between the policy system and society system, inner the policy system to ensure the harmony of the policy targets or government execution.Thus policy ability and government executive ability will be elevated.4.5 Based on the perspective of policy means and tools
The policy tools are the measures and approaches the government taken to solve the public problem or realize the policy target.“They are government’s activity and the system which adjust the government’s activity by a certain approach.” The policy tools are the bridge between
the government’s targets and results.The choice of them is important to reach the certain target.In another word, the choice and usage of the policy tools decide the efficient of the policy ability itself.After all, policy ability reflects the degree of the policy adjusting the policy content as measures.To some degree, policy means and tools are the effectiveness of the policy ability.Of course, policy tools as an activity of government;they will affect the government executive ability.Policy tools are divided to the following types:
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Economy tools such as the introduction of marketization, definition of property, commission others the service etc.l
Administration tools such as regulations, orders, directions, etc.l
Education or society tools such as counsels, explains, lectures, information promulgation etc.Similarly, policy’s success is not decided by the designer and executor, but by the target crowds.The key factor is the public’s adoption and acceptance.So, the elevation of government executive ability lies on the communication with policy objects(the objects of policy tools pointing to).Conclusions
Public policy is an effective and necessary governance tool for governments, and an important part of the government executive ability.It is a soft factor of government executive ability.Public policy ability will be enhanced through optimizing the structure of public policy, improving the process of public policy, standardizing the form of public policy and the main content of the policy itself, thereby the government executive ability will be improved too.References
[1] Xie Ming.Conspectus of Policy Analysis.Beijing.China Renmin University Press，2004, p.23
[2] Ning Sao.Study in pubic policy.Beijing.Higher Education Press.2004, p.247
[3] Li Chengyan.Policy Analysis of Clean-fingered Government.Beijing.Peking University Press.2002, p.89-131(in Chinese)
[4] Owen E.Hughes.Conspectus of Pubic administration China Renmin University Press，2001, p.99
[5] Chen Zhenming.Pubic Policy Analysis.Beijing.China Renmin University Press，2004
[6] Yu Bo, Zhou BaiChun.The Analysis about Public Policy Execution and Influences Factor.The Journal of Administrative Forum.2005.No.4
[7] Zhao ZeHong, Zheng YuanFang.The Negative Factors of Public Execution and Rectifying.The Journal of Yunnan Administration College.2004 No.1