八年级英语上册重点复习（精选6篇）
篇1：八年级英语上册重点复习
重点归纳
Topic 1 What’s your favorite sport?
重点词语:
1. almost(反义词)never 2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner
3.ski(现在分词)skiing 4.famous(比较级)more famous
5.arrive(同义词)reach 6.leave(过去式))left
7.popular(最高级)most popular 8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health
(1) 词组
1. during the summer holidays 在暑假期间
2. between…and… 在两者之间
3. cheer sb. on 为某人加油
4. prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
5. quite a bit/a lot 很多
6. plan to do sth. 计划做某事
7. have a skating club 举办滑雪俱乐部
8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足
9. arrive in 到达
10. play against… 与……对抗/较量
11. for long 很久
12. leave for… 动身去…
13. the day after tomorrow 后天
14. places of interest 名15. 胜
16. play baseball 打棒球
17. at least 至少
18. be good at 善于做某事
19. take part in 参加
20. all over the world 全世界
21. be good for 对……有益
22. a good way 一种好方法
23. keep fit/healthy 保持健康
24. relax oneself 放松某人自己
重点句型
25. What’s your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜爱的运动是什么?
26. Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更喜欢什么运动?
I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜欢滑雪.
27. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你常滑雪吗?
28. She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.
29. She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping.
她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.
30. What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜欢哪种运动?
重点语言点
31. see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常与every day; often等连用.
see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行.
如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.
I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画.
I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路
I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路.
[类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.]
32. join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”
join + 组织 表示 “加入某个组织”
take part in 表示 “参加/出席某个活动”
如: Will you join us?
I will join the skiing club.
She is planning to take part in the high jump.
33. arrive in + 大地点
arrive at + 小地点
get to + 地点 = reach + 地点
如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday.
I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.
注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home
34. leave… 离开……
leave for… 动身去…/离开到…
如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们要离开北京.
They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他们要前往日本.
35. a few “几个;一些” 修饰可数名36. 词
a little “一点点” 修饰不数名词
如: There are a few eggs in the basket.
There is a little water in the bottle.
37. how long 表示“多久(时间)”; 提问时间段.
how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提问时间的频率.
如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. → How long will they stay in Beijing?
He plays basketball twice a week. → How often does he play basketball?
7.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅长于(做)某事
如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.
8.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某种状态
keep …sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某种状态
如: Playing soccer can make your body strong.
Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.
重点语法
一般将来时：
（一）be going to 结构: ①表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。
如：I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.
我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。
She is going to buy a sweater for her mother.
她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。
②表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。
如：Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain. 瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！
（二） will + 动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year…)等连用。will not = won’t; 缩略形式为’ll.
表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。
如：a. ----Please put your things away, Tom. 汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。
----I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. 对不起。我马上就去做。
b. ----Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡还是茶？
----I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。
c. Don’t worry. I’ll help you. 别担心。我会帮你的。
表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。
如： I’m sure our team will win next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。
Maybe she will go to the gym. 也许她会去体育馆。
表示许诺。如： I’ll do better next time. 下次我会做得更好的。
I’ll visit you tomorrow. 明天我会去看你的。
句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.
否定句：I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon.
一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?
回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they won’t.
（三）动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.
如： I’m coming. 我就来。
He is leaving for Shanghai. 他将到上海去。
We are going to Beijing. 我们将去北京。
Topic 2 Would you mind saying sorry to Michael?
一、重点词语:
词形转换：
(1) adj. + ly → adv.
loud → loudly soft → softly quiet → quietly
clear → clearly angry → angrily easy → easily
(2)过去式：
fall → fell break → broke lose →lost throw → threw feel → felt
(3) 1.ill (同义词)sick (名词)illness 2.start(同义词)begin
3.far(反义词)near 4.smoke(现在分词)smoking
5.careless(反义词)careful 6.important(比较级) more important 7.Russia(公民)Russian 8.enjoy(现在分词)enjoying
9.invent(名词)invention;inventor 10.indoor(反义词)outdoor
11.century(复数)centuries 12.coach(复数)coaches
13.feel (名词)feeling 14.tiring(近义词)tired
(二) 词组:
have a soccer game 进行一场足球赛
fall ill 病倒了
be a little far from… 离……有点远
right away = at once 立刻;马上
miss a good chance 错过一个好机会
get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分
shame on sb. 为某人感到羞耻
do one’s best 尽某人的力
say sorry to sb. 对某人说抱歉
be sure to do sth. 确定做某事
be angry with… 生某人的气
with one’s help = with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下
serve food 上菜
turn up/down… 调高/低（音量）
keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
in a minute 一分钟后；马上
on the phone 在电话中
take a seat 就坐
never mind 不要紧
a lot of traveling 一系列旅行
love/enjoy doing sth. 喜爱/欢做某事
have a very exciting life 过着非常兴奋的生活
as well 也
throw…into… 把……投进……
follow/obey the rules 遵守规则
over a century later 一个多世纪后
more and more people 越来越多的人
feel tired 感到疲劳
instead of… 替代……
ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
make a plan for sb. 为某人订一份计划
build up 增进;增强
go right 正常运转
do the homework 做作业
二.重点句型
Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand?
你能帮我吗？
Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好吗？
You are always so careless. 你总是这样粗心大意.
Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you.让我为你买一个新的。
He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in bad weather. 他为他的学生们发明了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。
And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。
三. 重点语言点
ill 与 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.
如: The man is ill/sick. 那个男人病了. (作表语)
He is a sick man. 他是个病人. (作定语)
Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好吗?”
如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 来修理它好吗?
Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗?
3. one of + 名词复数 表示 “其中之一……”, 主语是one,表单数.
如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一个队友又高又壮。
4. miss “错过,思念,遗失”
如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我错过最后一班车.
He missed his mother. 他想念他的母亲.
My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把钥匙弄丢了.
5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “确定做某事”
如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.
我们确信下次一定会赢。
be sorry for… “为某事抱歉”
be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事”
如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话感到抱歉.
I’m sorry I lost your book. = I’m sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丢你的书。
7．tired adj. “（感到）疲惫的” , 主语是人 如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.
tiring adj. “令人疲劳的”, 主语是事物 如:This job is tiring. 这份工作令人疲惫.
类似的有: excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的
interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的
8.15-year-old “15岁的”
15 years old “15岁” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.
类似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles
9. instead “替代;相反”, 一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.
instead of…“替代……;而不……,相反”
如: I won’t go to Shanghai. I’ll go to Beijing, instead. 我不会去上海而会去北京.
= I’ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.
I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.
have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “从做…….中获得乐趣”
如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。
四、交际用语
(2) 请求和回答
Requests Responses
Could you please do me a favor? Sure. What is it?
Will you join us? I’d be glad to.
Would you mind teaching me? Not at all. Let’s go and practice.
（二）道歉和回答
Apologies Responses
I’m sorry I didn’t call you last night. Never mind.I guess you were busy last night.
I’m sorry I’m late for class. That’s OK. Please take a seat.
I’m sorry I lost your book. It doesn’t matter. That book isn’t important to me.
I’m sorry I broke your pen. Don’t worry. I have another pen.
Topic 3 Beijing will host the Olympics.
一、重点词组:
join the English club 加入英语俱乐部
host the 2008 Olympics 举办奥运会
fill out 填出/好
go on 发生；进行
all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方
quite a lot 相当多
make friends with… 与……交朋友
be afraid 恐怕
be free 有空
see you then 再见
win the first gold medal 赢得第一枚金牌
get 28 gold medals 获得28枚金牌
the winner of the first gold medal 第一枚金牌的获胜者
every four years 每四年;每隔三年
the mascot for the Beijing Olympics 北京奥运会的吉祥物
behave well 举止得体
improve the environment 改善环境
plant trees and grass 种植花草树木
a symbol of … 一种……的象征
stand for 代表
the five parts of the world 世界的五大部分
do morning exercises 做早操
be fond of (doing) sth. 喜欢(做)某事
二、重点句型
1.Could you tell me your name? 你能告诉我你的名字吗?
= What’s your name?
2.What do you do? = What’s your job? = What are you? 你是干什么的?
3. More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi (= take my taxi) now.
现在越来越多的外国朋友搭我的出租车.
4.Speaking English will help me a lot. 说英语将对我有很大帮助.
5.Please fill it out. 请把它填好.
6.What will the weather be like this weekend? = How will the weather be this weekend?
本周末的天气怎样?
7..There will be more roads in Beijing. 在北京将会有更多的马路.
三. 重点语言点
fill out + 名词 “填好……”
fill + 名词/代词+out
如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 请填好这张表格.
Please fill it/them out. (当宾语是代词时, 只能放中间) 请把它(们)填好.
be afraid… “恐怕” 指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人.
be afraid of… “害怕(做)……”
如: I’m afraid I won’t be free. 我恐怕没有空.
He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗.
They are afraid of losing the game. 他们害怕输了比赛.
may be “可能是……” may是情态动词 + be
maybe “或许; 可能” maybe是副词
如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老师.
He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字.
between 在两者之间
among 在三者或三者当中
如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之间.
The winner is among of us. 获胜者在我们当中.
5. There be 句型的一般将来时
正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
误:There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
四、交际用语
提建议的句型:
Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我们一起去远足吗?
What/How about going hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足怎么样?
Why don’t you go hiking with us? 你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?
Why not go hiking with us? 为什么不和我们为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?呢?
Let’s go hiking. 让我们一起去远足吧!
Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我们一起去远足吗?
Would you please go hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足好吗?
Shall we go hiking? 我们一起去远足好吗? (shall在疑问句中与I 和we连用,表示提出或征求意见. 意思为 “……好吗?/ 要不要……?)
Unit 2 Keeping Healthy
Topic 1 How are you feeling today?
一、重点词组:
have a (bad/terrible) cold 患（重）感冒
have a toothache/backache/headache/stomachache 牙痛/背痛/头痛/胃痛
see a dentist/doctor 看牙医/医生
have a cough/fever 患咳嗽/发高烧
have the flu 得了流感
have sore eyes 眼睛发炎
have a sore throat 喉咙发炎
take/have a (good) rest （好好）休息
sleep well 睡得好
drink a lot of boiled water 多喝开水
lift heavy things 提重物
stay in bed 呆在床上
have a good sleep 好好睡一觉
feel terrible 感到难受
take sb. to… 带某人去……
take some medicine/ pills 吃药
day and night 日日夜夜
bad luck 倒霉
lie down 躺下
hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶
brush one’s teeth 刷牙
have an accident 出了事故/意外
send sb. to…. 送某人去……
take/ have a look at… 看一看……
not…until… 直到……才…..
get well 恢复健康
plenty of… 充足;大量
take off your coat 脱掉你的大衣
二、重点句型
You should see a dentist. 你应该看牙医。
You shouldn’t lift heavy things. 你不应该提重物。
You look pale. 你看起来气色不好,很苍白.
You’d better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看医生.
You’d better not go to school today. 今天你最好不要去上学.
Thank you for your flowers and fruit. 谢谢你送来的鲜花和水果.
I couldn’t read them until today. 直到今天我才读了他们.
三. 重点语言点
身体某个部位 + ache，表身体某处疼痛。
如: headache 头痛 backache 背痛 stomachache 胃痛 toothache 牙痛
medicine “药” 为不可数名词
pill “药片” 为可数名词
如: take some medicine 吃些药 take some cold pills 吃些感冒药
with “含有…”
without “没有”
hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 coffee with sugar and milk 加糖和牛奶
mooncake with eggs 含鸡蛋的月饼
Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中国清茶
Go to school without (eating) breakfast. 没吃早饭去上学。
until “直到……为止” ; 句中动词一般为延续性动词
not …until…. “直到……才…” ; 句中动词一般为短暂性动词
如: He will wait for his father until ten o’clock. 他将等他父亲一直到10点为止.
He won’t leave until his father comes . 直到他父亲来他才离开.
both…and…. “……和……(两者)都”; 当主语时,谓语动词用复数.
如: I know both Jim and Tom. 吉姆和汤姆俩人我都认识.
Both Jim and I are 16 years old. 我和吉姆都是16岁.
plenty of… “充足;大量” 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词, 只用于肯定句,
相当于a lot of…/ lots of…
many “许多”, 修饰可数名词
much “许多”, 修饰不可数名词
如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water. 你应该喝大量的开水.
You shouldn’t drink so much water. 你不应该喝这么多水.
I have many/lots of/a lot of/plenty of books. 我有许多水.
四、交际用语
(一)询问病情
What’s wrong/the matter/ the trouble with you ? 有什么不舒服?
How are you feeling now? 你现在感觉怎么样?
Do you have a cold? 你得了感冒了吗?
(二)诉说病情
1. I feel terrible./ I am feeling terrible. 我感到难受.
2. I have a headache/stomachache/…. 我头痛/肚子痛…..
3. I can’t sleep well at night. 我晚上睡不4. 好觉.
5. I cough day and night. 我日日夜夜地咳嗽.
6. But my left leg hurts when I move it. 但是当我移动时,我的左腿疼.
(3) 表示同(4) 情
1. I’m sorry to hear that.听到这事我感到难过.
2. That’s too bad. 那太糟了.
3. Bad luck. 倒霉.
(5) 表达建议
1. You’d better (not) do sth 最好(不2. )做某事.
3. You should/shouldn’t do sth 你(不4. ) 应该做某事.
5. Shall I take you to the hospital? 我带你去医院好吗?
Topic 2 Is it good for your health?
一、重点词组:
look tired 看起来很累
watch a soccer game on TV 在电视上观看一场足球赛
stay up 熬夜
keep long fingernails 留长指甲
wash hands before meals 饭前洗手
play sports right after meals 饭后适当运动
take a fresh breath 呼吸新鲜空气
be necessary for… 对于……来说是必不可少的
keep you active 使你保持精力旺盛
in the daytime 在白天
throw litter about 乱扔垃圾
get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠
exercise on an empty stomach 空腹锻炼
= without eating anything
need to do sth 需要做某事
get into 进入
become sick 生病
fight germs 抗击病菌
keep the air clean and fresh 保持空气清新
eat bad food 吃变质食物
sweep the floors 打扫地板
as we know 众所周知
have the right kinds of food 吃正确种类的（健康的）食品
choose the wrong food 选择错误的（不健康的）食品
in different ways 用不同的方法
make us sick 使我们生病
二、重点句型
I see. Staying up late is bad for your health. 我明白了. 熬夜有害你的健康.
(动名词短语做主语)
2. How did Wang Jun get a headache? 王俊怎样患上头痛的？
Is going to bed early good or bad for your health? It’s good.
早点睡觉对你的健康有益还是有害? 有益. (选择问句要根据事实回答)
Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health.散步是很好的锻炼,是身体健康必不可少.
It will keep you active in the daytime. 它(早睡早起)将使你在白天保持旺盛的精力.
You must not throw litter about. = Don’t throw litter about. 不要乱扔垃圾.
We may have more than one headache each month. 每月我们可能会不止一次头疼.
You may get a headache when you can’t get enough sleep.当你睡眠不足时,可能会头疼.
What does it mean when you have a headache? 头痛对你来说意味着什么?
The boy becomes sick. 那个男孩生病了.
As we know, food gives us enery. 众所周知,食物给我们提供能量.
If we eat too little or too much food, or if we choose the wrong food, it can make us sick.
如果我们吃得太少或太多, 或者食物的选择不当会生病的.
三. 重点语言点
1. be good for… 对……有益
be bad for… 对……有害
如: Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益.
Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes. 在强烈的阳光下看书对眼睛有害.
disease 通常指具体的病, 表 “特定的疾病、病名”
illness 通常指生病的状态或表抽象的疾病
如： Germs can cause diseases. 细菌会引发疾病。
SARS is a serious disease. 非典是一种严重的疾病。
Don’t worry about his illness. 别担心他的病。
exercise 表 “锻炼/运动”时, 为不可数名词;
表 “练习”或有定语修饰时, 为可数名词.
如: He often takes/does exercise in the morning. 他经常上午锻炼.
Please do the exercises at once.请马上做这些练习.
He does morning exercises every day. 他每天做早操
. Walking is good exercise. 散步是很好的锻炼.
enough adj. “足够的”
修饰名词时, 既可放在名词之前, 也可放在名词之后.(但通常放在名词之前)
如: I have enough time/ time enough to finish this work. 我有足够的时间完成这项工作.
There is enough food in the fridge. 冰箱里有足够的食物.
adv. “足够地” 修饰形容词或副词时, 均放在所修饰词的后面.
如: He is tall enough to reach the apple. 他足够高,能够得着苹果.
He speaks clearly enough. 他讲得足够清楚.
need “需要, 必需”
1 作实义动词: need sth. 需要某物 need to do sth. 需要做某事
如: I need some help. 我需要一些帮助.
You need to see a doctor. 你需要去看医生.
He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭车.
2 作情态动词: need + 动词原形
如: If she wants anything, she only need ask. 她想要什么东西, 只要开口就行了.
You needn’t finish this work today. 你不必今天完成这项工作.
6． too much + 不可数名词 表“太多的。。。”
much too + 形容词 表“太。。。”，much 起加强语气作用
如：Don’t eat too much meat. 不要吃太多的肉。
He is much too fat. 他实在太胖了。
四.重点语法
情态动词:
①must “必须, 一定” 如: We must study hard. 我们必须努力学习.
mustn’t “不可以” 如: You mustn’t walk on the lawn. 你不可以在草坪上行走.
②should “应该” 如: We should finish it on time. 我们应该按时完成它.
shouldn’t “不该” 如: You shouldn’t go to school late. 你不该上学迟到.
③had better “最好” 如：You had better go to bed early.你最好早睡。
had better not “最好不” 如：You had better not go to bed late.
你最好不要迟睡。
④may “可以” 如: May I come in? 我可以进来吗?
“可能” 如: You may get a headache when you work too hard.
当你工作太努力时,你可能会头疼.
Topic 3 We should do our best to fight SARS.
一、重点词组:
talk with 与……交谈
hurry up 赶紧/快
go ahead = go on 继续（问）
spread easily 易传播
be afraid of… 害怕……
catch SARS 患上非典
do one’s best to do sth 尽力做某事
fight SARS 抗击非典
keep away from animals 远离动物
do house cleaning 打扫屋子
go to crowded places 去拥挤的地方
all the time = always 总是/一直
examine the patients 检查病人
take a message 捎口信
take care of… 照顾……
= look after / care for
tell/ask sb. to do sth 叫某人做某事
call back 回电话
leave a message 留口信
take an active part in 积极参加
care for patients 照顾病人
save the patients 挽救病人
spend the time 度过时光
teach oneself 自学
help mother cook 帮助妈妈煮东西
on the phone/Internet 在电话中/在互联网上
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
tell sb. a story / stories 给某人讲故事
take some Chinese medicine 吃些中药
二、重点句型
We don’t have to be afraid of catching SARS. 我们没必要害怕患上非典。
Please tell my father to take care of himself. 请告诉我的父亲照顾好他自己。
Could you please ask her to call me back? 请叫她给我回电话好吗？
He took an active part in the battle against SARS. 他积极参加抗击非典的战斗。
He cared for the patients day and night. 他日日夜夜照顾病人。
It’s my duty to save the patients. 挽救病人是我的职责。
What do you think of Kangkang’s father? 你认为康康的父亲怎么样？
Long time no see! 好久不见！
You could cook for us next time. 下次你能为我们煮东西了。
三、重点语言点
talk with sb. 表 “与……交流” , 指 “与人平等地交流、讨论”
talk to sb. 表示 “找某人谈话” , 在口语中常 “责备某人”
如: Jim’s father is talking with the teacher. 吉姆的父亲正在和老师交谈.
I will talk to him about his careless. 我要找他谈话,批评他的粗心大意.
常用的反身代词词组:
take care of oneself = look after oneself 照顾某人自己
teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴
help sb (to) do sth = help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
如: I helped my mother cook at home.
= I helped my mother with the cook at home. 我在家帮我母亲做饭.
四、重点语法
(一) 情态动词: must 与 have to
① must ＂必须;一定”, 表示有做某一动作的必要或义务,侧重表达说话者的主观看法.（只有一种时态）
如：We must wash hands before meals. 饭前我们必须洗手.
We must eat healthy food. 我们必须吃健康的食物.
② have to “不得不,必须”, 侧重表示因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而＂不得不做某事＂．（可用于各种时态）
如：It’s too late. I have to go now. 太迟了.现在我得走了.
I had to borrow some money at that time. 那时我不得不借了一些钱.
*----Must we keep the windows open all the time?
----No, we don’t have to. / No, we needn’t. (注意回答时不能用No, we mustn’t.)
(二)电话用语:
Hello! Could /May I speak to…, please? 你好! 我能跟……通话吗?
May I take a message? 我能捎个口信吗?
This is Kangkang. 我是康康.
Hello! Who’s that? 你好! 你是谁?
Review of Units 1---2
break the window 打破窗户（玻璃）
get lost 丢失；迷路
on one’s way (to) 在….的路上
take the wrong bus 搭错车
one of the most popular sports 最受欢迎的运动之一
a group of people 一群人
form an international organization 成立一个国际组织
put sth in low places 把某物放在低处
eat sth by mistake 误吃
put…away 把…收起来
ask for three days’ leave 请三天的假
篇2：八年级英语上册重点复习
重点词语:
1. almost(反义词)never 2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner
3.ski(现在分词)skiing 4.famous(比较级)more famous
5.arrive(同义词)reach 6.leave(过去式))left
7.popular(最高级)most popular 8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health
(1) 词组
1. during the summer holidays 在暑假期间
2. between…and… 在两者之间
3. cheer sb. on 为某人加油
4. prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
5. quite a bit/a lot 很多
6. plan to do sth. 计划做某事
7. have a skating club 举办滑雪俱乐部
8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足
9. arrive in 到达
10. play against… 与……对抗/较量
11. for long 很久
12. leave for… 动身去…
13. the day after tomorrow 后天
14. places of interest 名15. 胜
16. play baseball 打棒球
17. at least 至少
18. be good at 善于做某事
19. take part in 参加
20. all over the world 全世界
21. be good for 对……有益
22. a good way 一种好方法
23. keep fit/healthy 保持健康
24. relax oneself 放松某人自己
重点句型
25. What’s your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜爱的运动是什么?
26. Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更喜欢什么运动?
I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜欢滑雪.
27. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你常滑雪吗?
28. She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.
29. She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping.
她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.
30. What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜欢哪种运动?
重点语言点
31. see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常与every day; often等连用.
see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行.
如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.
I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画.
I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路
I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路.
[类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.]
32. join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”
join + 组织 表示 “加入某个组织”
take part in 表示 “参加/出席某个活动”
如: Will you join us?
I will join the skiing club.
She is planning to take part in the high jump.
33. arrive in + 大地点
arrive at + 小地点
get to + 地点 = reach + 地点
如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday.
I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.
注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home
34. leave… 离开……
leave for… 动身去…/离开到…
如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们要离开北京.
They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他们要前往日本.
35. a few “几个;一些” 修饰可数名36. 词
a little “一点点” 修饰不数名词
如: There are a few eggs in the basket.
There is a little water in the bottle.
37. how long 表示“多久(时间)”; 提问时间段.
how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提问时间的频率.
如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. → How long will they stay in Beijing?
He plays basketball twice a week. → How often does he play basketball?
7.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅长于(做)某事
如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.
8.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某种状态
keep …sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某种状态
如: Playing soccer can make your body strong.
Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.
重点语法
一般将来时：
(一)be going to 结构: ①表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。
如：I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.
我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。
She is going to buy a sweater for her mother.
她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。
②表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。
如：Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain. 瞧那些乌云!快要下雨了!
(二) will + 动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year…)等连用。will not = won’t; 缩略形式为’ll.
表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。
如：a. ----Please put your things away, Tom. 汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。
----I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. 对不起。我马上就去做。
b. ----Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡还是茶?
----I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。
c. Don’t worry. I’ll help you. 别担心。我会帮你的。
表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。
如： I’m sure our team will win next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。
Maybe she will go to the gym. 也许她会去体育馆。
表示许诺。如： I’ll do better next time. 下次我会做得更好的。
I’ll visit you tomorrow. 明天我会去看你的。
句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.
否定句：I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon.
一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?
回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they won’t.
(三)动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.
如： I’m coming. 我就来。
He is leaving for Shanghai. 他将到上海去。
We are going to Beijing. 我们将去北京。
Topic 2 Would you mind saying sorry to Michael?
一、重点词语:
词形转换：
(1) adj. + ly → adv.
loud → loudly soft → softly quiet → quietly
clear → clearly angry → angrily easy → easily
(2)过去式：
fall → fell break → broke lose →lost throw → threw feel → felt
(3) 1.ill (同义词)sick (名词)illness 2.start(同义词)begin
3.far(反义词)near 4.smoke(现在分词)smoking
5.careless(反义词)careful 6.important(比较级) more important 7.Russia(公民)Russian 8.enjoy(现在分词)enjoying
9.invent(名词)invention;inventor 10.indoor(反义词)outdoor
11.century(复数)centuries 12.coach(复数)coaches
13.feel (名词)feeling 14.tiring(近义词)tired
(二) 词组:
have a soccer game 进行一场足球赛
fall ill 病倒了
be a little far from… 离……有点远
right away = at once 立刻;马上
miss a good chance 错过一个好机会
get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分
shame on sb. 为某人感到羞耻
do one’s best 尽某人的力
say sorry to sb. 对某人说抱歉
be sure to do sth. 确定做某事
be angry with… 生某人的气
with one’s help = with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下
serve food 上菜
turn up/down… 调高/低(音量)
keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
in a minute 一分钟后;马上
on the phone 在电话中
take a seat 就坐
never mind 不要紧
a lot of traveling 一系列旅行
love/enjoy doing sth. 喜爱/欢做某事
have a very exciting life 过着非常兴奋的生活
as well 也
throw…into… 把……投进……
follow/obey the rules 遵守规则
over a century later 一个多世纪后
more and more people 越来越多的人
feel tired 感到疲劳
instead of… 替代……
ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
make a plan for sb. 为某人订一份计划
build up 增进;增强
go right 正常运转
do the homework 做作业
二.重点句型
Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand?
你能帮我吗?
Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好吗?
You are always so careless. 你总是这样粗心大意.
Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you.让我为你买一个新的。
He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in bad weather. 他为他的学生们发明了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。
And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。
三. 重点语言点
ill 与 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.
如: The man is ill/sick. 那个男人病了. (作表语)
He is a sick man. 他是个病人. (作定语)
Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好吗?”
如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 来修理它好吗?
Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗?
3. one of + 名词复数 表示 “其中之一……”, 主语是one,表单数.
如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一个队友又高又壮。
4. miss “错过,思念,遗失”
如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我错过最后一班车.
He missed his mother. 他想念他的母亲.
My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把钥匙弄丢了.
5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “确定做某事”
如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.
我们确信下次一定会赢。
be sorry for… “为某事抱歉”
be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事”
如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话感到抱歉.
I’m sorry I lost your book. = I’m sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丢你的书。
7.tired adj. “(感到)疲惫的” , 主语是人 如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.
tiring adj. “令人疲劳的”, 主语是事物 如:This job is tiring. 这份工作令人疲惫.
类似的有: excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的
interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的
8.15-year-old “15岁的”
15 years old “15岁” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.
类似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles
9. instead “替代;相反”, 一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.
instead of…“替代……;而不……,相反”
如: I won’t go to Shanghai. I’ll go to Beijing, instead. 我不会去上海而会去北京.
= I’ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.
I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.
have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “从做…….中获得乐趣”
如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。
四、交际用语
(2) 请求和回答
Requests Responses
Could you please do me a favor? Sure. What is it?
Will you join us? I’d be glad to.
Would you mind teaching me? Not at all. Let’s go and practice.
(二)道歉和回答
Apologies Responses
I’m sorry I didn’t call you last night. Never mind.I guess you were busy last night.
I’m sorry I’m late for class. That’s OK. Please take a seat.
I’m sorry I lost your book. It doesn’t matter. That book isn’t important to me.
I’m sorry I broke your pen. Don’t worry. I have another pen.
Topic 3 Beijing will host the Olympics.
一、重点词组:
join the English club 加入英语俱乐部
host the 2008 Olympics 举办奥运会
fill out 填出/好
go on 发生;进行
all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方
quite a lot 相当多
make friends with… 与……交朋友
be afraid 恐怕
be free 有空
see you then 再见
win the first gold medal 赢得第一枚金牌
get 28 gold medals 获得28枚金牌
the winner of the first gold medal 第一枚金牌的获胜者
every four years 每四年;每隔三年
the mascot for the Beijing Olympics 北京奥运会的吉祥物
behave well 举止得体
improve the environment 改善环境
plant trees and grass 种植花草树木
a symbol of … 一种……的象征
stand for 代表
the five parts of the world 世界的五大部分
do morning exercises 做早操
be fond of (doing) sth. 喜欢(做)某事
二、重点句型
1.Could you tell me your name? 你能告诉我你的名字吗?
= What’s your name?
2.What do you do? = What’s your job? = What are you? 你是干什么的?
3. More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi (= take my taxi) now.
现在越来越多的外国朋友搭我的出租车.
4.Speaking English will help me a lot. 说英语将对我有很大帮助.
5.Please fill it out. 请把它填好.
6.What will the weather be like this weekend? = How will the weather be this weekend?
本周末的天气怎样?
7..There will be more roads in Beijing. 在北京将会有更多的马路.
三. 重点语言点
fill out + 名词 “填好……”
fill + 名词/代词+out
如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 请填好这张表格.
Please fill it/them out. (当宾语是代词时, 只能放中间) 请把它(们)填好.
be afraid… “恐怕” 指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人.
be afraid of… “害怕(做)……”
如: I’m afraid I won’t be free. 我恐怕没有空.
He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗.
They are afraid of losing the game. 他们害怕输了比赛.
may be “可能是……” may是情态动词 + be
maybe “或许; 可能” maybe是副词
如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老师.
He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字.
between 在两者之间
among 在三者或三者当中
如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之间.
The winner is among of us. 获胜者在我们当中.
5. There be 句型的一般将来时
正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
误:There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
四、交际用语
提建议的句型:
Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我们一起去远足吗?
What/How about going hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足怎么样?
Why don’t you go hiking with us? 你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?
Why not go hiking with us? 为什么不和我们为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?呢?
Let’s go hiking. 让我们一起去远足吧!
Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我们一起去远足吗?
Would you please go hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足好吗?
Shall we go hiking? 我们一起去远足好吗? (shall在疑问句中与I 和we连用,表示提出或征求意见. 意思为 “……好吗?/ 要不要……?)
Unit 2 Keeping Healthy
Topic 1 How are you feeling today?
一、重点词组:
have a (bad/terrible) cold 患(重)感冒
have a toothache/backache/headache/stomachache 牙痛/背痛/头痛/胃痛
see a dentist/doctor 看牙医/医生
have a cough/fever 患咳嗽/发高烧
have the flu 得了流感
have sore eyes 眼睛发炎
have a sore throat 喉咙发炎
take/have a (good) rest (好好)休息
sleep well 睡得好
drink a lot of boiled water 多喝开水
lift heavy things 提重物
stay in bed 呆在床上
have a good sleep 好好睡一觉
feel terrible 感到难受
take sb. to… 带某人去……
take some medicine/ pills 吃药
day and night 日日夜夜
bad luck 倒霉
lie down 躺下
hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶
brush one’s teeth 刷牙
have an accident 出了事故/意外
send sb. to…. 送某人去……
take/ have a look at… 看一看……
not…until… 直到……才…..
get well 恢复健康
plenty of… 充足;大量
take off your coat 脱掉你的大衣
二、重点句型
You should see a dentist. 你应该看牙医。
You shouldn’t lift heavy things. 你不应该提重物。
You look pale. 你看起来气色不好,很苍白.
You’d better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看医生.
You’d better not go to school today. 今天你最好不要去上学.
Thank you for your flowers and fruit. 谢谢你送来的鲜花和水果.
I couldn’t read them until today. 直到今天我才读了他们.
三. 重点语言点
身体某个部位 + ache，表身体某处疼痛。
如: headache 头痛 backache 背痛 stomachache 胃痛 toothache 牙痛
medicine “药” 为不可数名词
pill “药片” 为可数名词
如: take some medicine 吃些药 take some cold pills 吃些感冒药
with “含有…”
without “没有”
hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 coffee with sugar and milk 加糖和牛奶
mooncake with eggs 含鸡蛋的月饼
Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中国清茶
Go to school without (eating) breakfast. 没吃早饭去上学。
until “直到……为止” ; 句中动词一般为延续性动词
not …until…. “直到……才…” ; 句中动词一般为短暂性动词
如: He will wait for his father until ten o’clock. 他将等他父亲一直到10点为止.
He won’t leave until his father comes . 直到他父亲来他才离开.
both…and…. “……和……(两者)都”; 当主语时,谓语动词用复数.
如: I know both Jim and Tom. 吉姆和汤姆俩人我都认识.
Both Jim and I are 16 years old. 我和吉姆都是16岁.
plenty of… “充足;大量” 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词, 只用于肯定句,
相当于a lot of…/ lots of…
many “许多”, 修饰可数名词
much “许多”, 修饰不可数名词
如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water. 你应该喝大量的开水.
You shouldn’t drink so much water. 你不应该喝这么多水.
I have many/lots of/a lot of/plenty of books. 我有许多水.
四、交际用语
(一)询问病情
What’s wrong/the matter/ the trouble with you ? 有什么不舒服?
How are you feeling now? 你现在感觉怎么样?
Do you have a cold? 你得了感冒了吗?
(二)诉说病情
1. I feel terrible./ I am feeling terrible. 我感到难受.
2. I have a headache/stomachache/…. 我头痛/肚子痛…..
3. I can’t sleep well at night. 我晚上睡不4. 好觉.
5. I cough day and night. 我日日夜夜地咳嗽.
6. But my left leg hurts when I move it. 但是当我移动时,我的左腿疼.
(3) 表示同(4) 情
1. I’m sorry to hear that.听到这事我感到难过.
2. That’s too bad. 那太糟了.
3. Bad luck. 倒霉.
(5) 表达建议
1. You’d better (not) do sth 最好(不2. )做某事.
3. You should/shouldn’t do sth 你(不4. ) 应该做某事.
5. Shall I take you to the hospital? 我带你去医院好吗?
Topic 2 Is it good for your health?
一、重点词组:
look tired 看起来很累
watch a soccer game on TV 在电视上观看一场足球赛
stay up 熬夜
keep long fingernails 留长指甲
wash hands before meals 饭前洗手
play sports right after meals 饭后适当运动
take a fresh breath 呼吸新鲜空气
be necessary for… 对于……来说是必不可少的
keep you active 使你保持精力旺盛
in the daytime 在白天
throw litter about 乱扔垃圾
get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠
exercise on an empty stomach 空腹锻炼
= without eating anything
need to do sth 需要做某事
get into 进入
become sick 生病
fight germs 抗击病菌
keep the air clean and fresh 保持空气清新
eat bad food 吃变质食物
sweep the floors 打扫地板
as we know 众所周知
have the right kinds of food 吃正确种类的(健康的)食品
choose the wrong food 选择错误的(不健康的)食品
in different ways 用不同的方法
make us sick 使我们生病
二、重点句型
I see. Staying up late is bad for your health. 我明白了. 熬夜有害你的健康.
(动名词短语做主语)
2. How did Wang Jun get a headache? 王俊怎样患上头痛的?
Is going to bed early good or bad for your health? It’s good.
早点睡觉对你的健康有益还是有害? 有益. (选择问句要根据事实回答)
Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health.散步是很好的锻炼,是身体健康必不可少.
It will keep you active in the daytime. 它(早睡早起)将使你在白天保持旺盛的精力.
You must not throw litter about. = Don’t throw litter about. 不要乱扔垃圾.
We may have more than one headache each month. 每月我们可能会不止一次头疼.
You may get a headache when you can’t get enough sleep.当你睡眠不足时,可能会头疼.
What does it mean when you have a headache? 头痛对你来说意味着什么?
The boy becomes sick. 那个男孩生病了.
As we know, food gives us enery. 众所周知,食物给我们提供能量.
If we eat too little or too much food, or if we choose the wrong food, it can make us sick.
如果我们吃得太少或太多, 或者食物的选择不当会生病的.
三. 重点语言点
1. be good for… 对……有益
be bad for… 对……有害
如: Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益.
Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes. 在强烈的阳光下看书对眼睛有害.
disease 通常指具体的病, 表 “特定的疾病、病名”
illness 通常指生病的状态或表抽象的疾病
如： Germs can cause diseases. 细菌会引发疾病。
SARS is a serious disease. 非典是一种严重的疾病。
Don’t worry about his illness. 别担心他的病。
exercise 表 “锻炼/运动”时, 为不可数名词;
表 “练习”或有定语修饰时, 为可数名词.
如: He often takes/does exercise in the morning. 他经常上午锻炼.
Please do the exercises at once.请马上做这些练习.
He does morning exercises every day. 他每天做早操
. Walking is good exercise. 散步是很好的锻炼.
enough adj. “足够的”
修饰名词时, 既可放在名词之前, 也可放在名词之后.(但通常放在名词之前)
如: I have enough time/ time enough to finish this work. 我有足够的时间完成这项工作.
There is enough food in the fridge. 冰箱里有足够的食物.
adv. “足够地” 修饰形容词或副词时, 均放在所修饰词的后面.
如: He is tall enough to reach the apple. 他足够高,能够得着苹果.
He speaks clearly enough. 他讲得足够清楚.
need “需要, 必需”
1 作实义动词: need sth. 需要某物 need to do sth. 需要做某事
如: I need some help. 我需要一些帮助.
You need to see a doctor. 你需要去看医生.
He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭车.
2 作情态动词: need + 动词原形
如: If she wants anything, she only need ask. 她想要什么东西, 只要开口就行了.
You needn’t finish this work today. 你不必今天完成这项工作.
6. too much + 不可数名词 表“太多的。。。”
much too + 形容词 表“太。。。”，much 起加强语气作用
如：Don’t eat too much meat. 不要吃太多的肉。
He is much too fat. 他实在太胖了。
四.重点语法
情态动词:
①must “必须, 一定” 如: We must study hard. 我们必须努力学习.
mustn’t “不可以” 如: You mustn’t walk on the lawn. 你不可以在草坪上行走.
②should “应该” 如: We should finish it on time. 我们应该按时完成它.
shouldn’t “不该” 如: You shouldn’t go to school late. 你不该上学迟到.
③had better “最好” 如：You had better go to bed early.你最好早睡。
had better not “最好不” 如：You had better not go to bed late.
你最好不要迟睡。
④may “可以” 如: May I come in? 我可以进来吗?
“可能” 如: You may get a headache when you work too hard.
当你工作太努力时,你可能会头疼.
Topic 3 We should do our best to fight SARS.
一、重点词组:
talk with 与……交谈
hurry up 赶紧/快
go ahead = go on 继续(问)
spread easily 易传播
be afraid of… 害怕……
catch SARS 患上非典
do one’s best to do sth 尽力做某事
fight SARS 抗击非典
keep away from animals 远离动物
do house cleaning 打扫屋子
go to crowded places 去拥挤的地方
all the time = always 总是/一直
examine the patients 检查病人
take a message 捎口信
take care of… 照顾……
= look after / care for
tell/ask sb. to do sth 叫某人做某事
call back 回电话
leave a message 留口信
take an active part in 积极参加
care for patients 照顾病人
save the patients 挽救病人
spend the time 度过时光
teach oneself 自学
help mother cook 帮助妈妈煮东西
on the phone/Internet 在电话中/在互联网上
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
tell sb. a story / stories 给某人讲故事
take some Chinese medicine 吃些中药
二、重点句型
We don’t have to be afraid of catching SARS. 我们没必要害怕患上非典。
Please tell my father to take care of himself. 请告诉我的父亲照顾好他自己。
Could you please ask her to call me back? 请叫她给我回电话好吗?
He took an active part in the battle against SARS. 他积极参加抗击非典的战斗。
He cared for the patients day and night. 他日日夜夜照顾病人。
It’s my duty to save the patients. 挽救病人是我的职责。
What do you think of Kangkang’s father? 你认为康康的父亲怎么样?
Long time no see! 好久不见!
You could cook for us next time. 下次你能为我们煮东西了。
三、重点语言点
talk with sb. 表 “与……交流” , 指 “与人平等地交流、讨论”
talk to sb. 表示 “找某人谈话” , 在口语中常 “责备某人”
如: Jim’s father is talking with the teacher. 吉姆的父亲正在和老师交谈.
I will talk to him about his careless. 我要找他谈话,批评他的粗心大意.
常用的反身代词词组:
take care of oneself = look after oneself 照顾某人自己
teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴
help sb (to) do sth = help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
如: I helped my mother cook at home.
= I helped my mother with the cook at home. 我在家帮我母亲做饭.
四、重点语法
(一) 情态动词: must 与 have to
① must "必须;一定”, 表示有做某一动作的必要或义务,侧重表达说话者的主观看法.(只有一种时态)
如：We must wash hands before meals. 饭前我们必须洗手.
We must eat healthy food. 我们必须吃健康的食物.
② have to “不得不,必须”, 侧重表示因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而"不得不做某事".(可用于各种时态)
如：It’s too late. I have to go now. 太迟了.现在我得走了.
I had to borrow some money at that time. 那时我不得不借了一些钱.
*----Must we keep the windows open all the time?
----No, we don’t have to. / No, we needn’t. (注意回答时不能用No, we mustn’t.)
(二)电话用语:
Hello! Could /May I speak to…, please? 你好! 我能跟……通话吗?
May I take a message? 我能捎个口信吗?
This is Kangkang. 我是康康.
Hello! Who’s that? 你好! 你是谁?
Review of Units 1---2
break the window 打破窗户(玻璃)
get lost 丢失;迷路
on one’s way (to) 在….的路上
take the wrong bus 搭错车
one of the most popular sports 最受欢迎的运动之一
a group of people 一群人
form an international organization 成立一个国际组织
put sth in low places 把某物放在低处
eat sth by mistake 误吃
put…away 把…收起来
篇3：八年级上册重点语法聚焦
比较级
1.as和than后面的代词用主格还是用宾格要取决于主句中的谓语动词。如果主句中的谓语动词是及物动词, 主语相比用主格, 宾语相比用宾格, 以避免歧义。如:
I know you better than he (knows you) . 我比他更了解你。
I know you better than (I know) him. 你和他相比, 我更了解你。
如果谓语动词是不及物动词, 或虽是及物动词, 但不致引起歧义, 主格、宾格都可以使用。例如:
He has more books than I/me.他的书比我的多。
2.比较级可被much, rather, a lot, a great deal, even, still, a little, a bit等修饰。如:
Tom studies even harder than you. 汤姆学习比你更努力。
It is a bit colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天还要冷。
3.“less+原级+than”意为“不比……”, 相当于“not so… as…”。例如:
This book is less useful than that one.=This book is not so useful as that one. 这本书没有那本有用。
4. 通常that用来替代前面出现的由单数或不可数名词表示的比较对象, those用来替代前面出现的复数名词表示的比较对象。the one相当于that, the ones相当于those, 并表示特指。例如:
The food in the box is much worse than that on the table. 盒子里的食物比桌子上的差得多。
This book is thinner than the one/that on the desk. 这本书比桌子上的那本薄。
最高级
1. 形容词最高级前一般要用定冠词the, 若形容词最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格修饰时, 则不用定冠词the。例如:
The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国最长的河。
Monday is my father’s busiest day. 星期一是我父亲最忙的一天。
2.in后面接比较范围, 不一定是同类;of后面接比较对象, 属同类。e.g.
Julia is the quietest of these girls.朱丽娅是这些女孩中最文静的一个。
This movie theater is the best in our town.这家影院是我们镇上最好的。
3.表示“ (在众多当中) 最……之一”, 常用“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”结构。例如:
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 北京是中国最大的城市之一。
4.最高级前既用the, 也用序数词, 其结构为:“the+序数词+最高级”, 表示“第几个最……”。例如:
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。
可数名词PK不可数名词
1. 可数名词前可以加不定冠词a/an或数词等限定词直接修饰, 不可数名词不能用a/an或数词等修饰。
2. 不可数名词前可用much (很多) , a little (一点) , some (一些) , any (一些) , a lot of/lots of或“数词+表示数量的可数名词+of”结构修饰。
3. 对可数名词提问时用how many, 对不可数名词提问用how much, 但对不可数名词前表示数量名词中的修饰语提问时则用“how many+ 复数量词+of”。
4. 有些词既是可数的, 又是不可数的, 如:当chicken意为“鸡”时是可数的, 意为“鸡肉”则是不可数的。
一般过去时
1. 表示在过去时间段发生过某事要用一般过去时, 而不能用一般现在时。例如:
2. 在含有行为动词的一般过去时的句子变为否定句或疑问句时, 要借助助动词did。例如:
When were you call me for the DVD machine? (×)
When did you call me for the DVD machine? (√)
3. 英语中有些表示过去的词 (组) , 如yesterday, last week, a moment ago等, 其前不能加任何介词。例如:
He came to China on yesterday afternoon. (×)
He came to China yesterday afternoon. (√)
现在进行时的特殊用法
1. 表示感情色彩。现在进行时可与always等副词连用, 表示经常、反复或习惯性的动作, 表达说话者的一种赞扬、责怪、不满的语气。如:
Lu Shan is always helping others. 陆杉总是帮助别人。
2. 表示将来。go, come, leave, start等少数动词, 常用现在进行时表示按计划、安排将要进行的动作。例如:
Mr Green is coming! 格林先生要来了!
3. 表示渐变的过程。get, become, grow, turn等连系动词的现在进行时表示一个变化过程, 比一般现在时更形象逼真。例如:
It’s getting warm. 天渐渐暖起来了。
4. 表示刚刚发生过的动作。在口语中, 可用tell, say, talk等动词的现在进行时表示刚刚发生过的动作。例如:
I don’t know what you’re saying.我不知道你在说什么?
复合不定代词和复合不定副词
1. 复合不定代词及复合不定副词。
2. 复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数形式。
例:Everyone knows me here.
3. 形容词修饰复合不定代词时形容词放后。
例如:There is something new in today’s newspaper.
4.any以及any构成的词多用于否定句、疑问句、if条件句和含否定词的句子中。
例如:If you don’t want anything, please let me know.
He is too busy to see anyone come in.
The boy is too heavy for anyone to carry.
Anyone doesn’t know me here. 应改为No one knows me here.
注意:
① any以及any构成的词在否定句中不可作主语而应换成相应的代 (副) 词
②any以及any构成的词在否定句中为完全否定
not…any=no
not…any one/anybody=none/nobody
not…anything=nothing
not…anywhere=nowhere
例如:I can’t see anything in the room.=I can see nothing in the room.
③any以及any构成的词也可用于肯定句
any任何一个
any one=anybody任何人
anything任何事物
例如:He is taller than anyone else in my class.
5.every以及every构成的词在否定句中为不完全否定
例如:He knows everything.否定句:He knows nothing.他什么都不懂。
而不能改成He doesn’t know everything.他不是事事都懂 (否一半) 。
6.表示人的复合不定代词用人称代词、物主代词替换时一般用复数形式, 有时又可用单数, 这要根据上下文来决定。
① If anyone invites you, you have to meet them on time. (前面用单数, 后面是宾格复数them)
拓展思维:人称代词有主格宾格之分, 主格有I, he, she, it, you, we, they, 宾格有me, him, her, it, you, us, them。主格的要放在主语位置, 宾格的要放在宾格位置。主语位置一般放在句首, 如:I am a teacher. 在英语中, 宾格有两个位置, 一个在动词后跟宾格, 注意不是所有的动词都需要跟宾语。另一个在介词后跟宾语。
例如:I give him a book. 这里的give是动词, him是give的宾语 (宾语的作用是使谓语所表达的意思更加完整和清楚) , 因为him的位置是宾语, 所以如果在这个位置上用的是人称代词, 就得用宾格, 而不能用主格的he。
②No one knows me here, do they? (前面用单数, 后面是复数they)
③Everyone is doing their homework now.
④ If anyone calls me, tell him / her to call back after 8:00.
7.none做主语时, 谓语可单可复。
例如:None of us go / goes to school by bus.
None of us is a cook.
训练基地
Ⅰ . 选词填空
1.—How______do you go to the Internet bar? (long/often)
—Hardly ever.
2.—Doctor, I have a bad stomachache.
—Well, you______try to eat less food. (should/could)
3.—Is your friend Tina like you?
—No, she is ______ than me though we are of the same age. (older/taller)
4.—When ______ you ______ coughing? (did…start/are…going to start)
—Two days ago.
5.—Why do you often live in this hotel, Mr.Brown?
—Because it has______service. (the best/the worst)
Ⅱ . 从方框中选词, 并用其正确形式填空
plan, laugh, cut, win, become, move, hate, invite
1.I ______ to learn English last year, but now I don’t.
2.The Smiths ______ to visit the Great Wall. Now they are getting ready for it.
3.My sister ______ to a small but clean town when she grows up.
4.Tony worked hard and ______ the first prize in the English speech contest.
5.Jim is much funnier than we think. And he often makes us ______ a lot.
6.Tomorrow is Kate’s birthday. She ______ ten friends to her party.
7.Could you please ______ the bananas up, Jill? I’d like to make fruit salad.
8.My uncle ______ a professional basketball player at the age of 20.
Ⅲ . 根据汉语提示完成句子
1.Helen didn’t go to school yesterday. She _____ ( 感冒了) .
2.The twins ______ ( 打算度假) in Qingdao when they are free.
3.Could you please ______ ( 打开收音机) ? I’d like to listen to the weather report.
4.The little boy ______ ( 准备闲逛) with his best friend Tom on Saturday evening.
5.Jane ______ ( 洗餐具) an hour ago. Now she is working on her project.
IV. 不定代词和不定副词专项练习
一、单项选择
1.All of us were invited, but______of us came.
A.neither B.none C.both D.either
2.She listened carefully, but heard ______.
A.anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing
3.—Do you have ______ to say for yourself?
—No, I have ______ to say.
A.something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything;anything D. anything; nothing
4.Why not ask ______ to help you.
A.everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none
5.—There isn’t______water here.Could you get______for me?
—All right.
A.some; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some
6.Today, ______trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.
A.much too B.too much C.many too D.too many
7.There’s ______ with his eyes. He’s OK.
A.anything wrong B.wrong something C.nothing wrong D. wrong nothing
8.—Haven’t you forgotten______?
—______, oh, forgot my bag.
A.anything; Excuse me B. something; Excuse me C. something;Pardon D. everything; Pardon
9.Put it down, Richard. You mustn’t read ______ letter.
A.anyone’s else’s B. anyone’s else C. anyone else’s D. anyone else
10.Be quiet! I have ______ to tell you.
A.important anything B.anything important C.important something
D.something important
11.I’m going to move ______. It’s too noisy in our neighbourhood.
A.somewhere quiet B.quiet somewhere C.anywhere quiet D.quiet anywhere
12.—Is there ______ in today’s newspaper?
—Yes.Shenzhou VI has been sent up into space successfully.
A.nothing new B.anything new C.new nothing D.new anything
二、 请用不定代词及不定副词填空。 (some, any, something, someone, somebody, somewhere, anything, anyone, anybody, anywhere, no one, nobody, nothing)
1. Do you have ______ questions?
2.Maybe______put my dictionary______.I can’t find it______.
3.I’m so thirsty.Shall we get______to drink?
4. I don’t think ______ knows her new address.
5.There’s______in the new cupboard.It’s empty now.
6.______is too difficult if you put your heart into it.
7.I think you can find him______in the school.
8.______can run faster than he.He’s the winner.
9.Could you tell______different between the two pictures?
10.Please help yourself to______soup.
Keys:
Ⅰ . 1. often 2. should 3. taller 4. did…start 5. the best
Ⅱ . 1. hated 2. are planning 3. is going to move 4. won 5. laugh 6. is going to invite 7. cut 8. became
Ⅲ . 1. had a cold 2. are taking a vacation 3. turn on the radio 4. is going to hang out 5. did the dishes
IV
一、1~5 BDDBD 6~10 DCACD 11~12 AB
篇4：八年级英语上册重点复习
1. —How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视？
—Twice a week. 一周两次。
【点拨】 how often意为“多久一次”，是表示频度的词组，一般用表示频度的时间副词或短语every day, usually, sometimes, never, once a week, twice a month等来回答。表示“次数”时，“一次”用once，“两次”用twice，“三次”以上用“基数词 + times”来表示。
2. She says its good for my health. 她说对我的身体有好处。
【点拨】 be good for ... 意为“对……有益”。be good at... 意为“擅长……，对……学得好”。例如：
To drink more water every day is good for you. 每天多喝水对你有好处。
3. How many hours do you sleep every night? 你每晚睡多少个小时？
【点拨】 how many意为“多少”，后面要接复数可数名词。例如：
How many books do you have? 你有多少本书？
4. I hardly ever exercise. 我几乎不锻炼。
【点拨】 hardly是一个副词，意为“几乎不”、“几乎没有”，是一个半否定词。hardly ever意为“几乎从不”。例如：
I can hardly believe it. 我几乎不能相信这件事。
5. I look after my health. 我照顾好我的身体健康。
【点拨】 look after是一个短语动词，意为“照顾、照料”，与take care of的意思相同。例如：
She is looking after her brother at home. 她正在家照看弟弟。
6. So maybe Im not healthy, although I have one healthy habit. 虽然我有一个健康的习惯，但有可能我并不健康。
【点拨】 although(=though)意为“虽然、即使”，是一个从属连词，用来引导让步状语从句，但不可与but连用；若句子中用了but，也就不能再用although了。例如：
Although she is in poor health, she works hard. (= She is in poor health, but she works hard.) 尽管她身体不好，但她还是努力工作。
7. Maybe you have too much yin. 也许你阴气过盛。
【点拨】 too much意为“太多”，用来修饰不可数名词。例如：
I have too much housework to do this afternoon. 今天下午我有太多的家务要做。
8. You should go to bed early for a few nights. 你应该早睡几个晚上。
【点拨】 few与a few修饰复数可数名词，little与a little修饰不可数名词；few与little含有否定意义，a few与a little含有肯定意义。
9. I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am. 我每天晚上学习到很晚，有时到凌晨两点。
【点拨】 句中until是一个介词，意为“直到……”，后面接表示时间点的词语。until除了可作介词外，还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。与not连用时可构成“直到……才……”句型。例如：
I will wait here until you come back. 我将在这儿等到你回来。
I didnt go to bed until 11
oclock last night. 我昨天晚上直到11点才睡觉。
10. Im sorry to hear that youre not feeling well. 很抱歉听说你感觉不好。
【点拨】 当听到对方/别人有病或感觉不好的消息时，一般可用Im sorry to hear that.(或that从句)，来安慰对方。例如：
Im sorry to hear that he has died. 听说他去世了，我感到很难过。
11. —How long are you staying? 你要在那儿呆多长时间？
—Just for four days. 只四天。
【点拨】 how long意为“多久”，用来对一段时间进行提问。例如：
How long have you been here? 你在这儿呆多久了？
12. I just finished making my last movie. 我刚拍完我的最后一部电影。
【点拨】 动词finish, enjoy等后面要跟动词-ing形式作宾语，不可接动词不定式。例如：
Have you finished reading the book? 你看完这本书了吗？
13. How far is it from your home to school? 从你家到学校有多远？
【点拨】 how far是一个固定短语，意为“多远”，一般用来对距离进行提问。例如：
How far is it from the park to your school? 公园离你们的学校有多远？
14. In China, it depends on where you are. 在中国，它取决你住在哪儿。
【点拨】 depend是不及物动词，常与介词on连用，组成depend on短语，意为“依靠、视……而定、取决于”，后面可接宾语。例如：
You cant depend on your parents any longer. 你不能再依靠你的父母了。
15. Maybe another time. 也许另一个时间。
【点拨】 another可用作代词或形容词，指三者以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或物，意为“另一个，再一个”。后面可接单数名词或one。例如：
Would you like another apple? 你还再要一个苹果吗？
the other也有“另一个”的意思，但指两者中的另一个，有特定的数量范围，是特指。例如：
My uncle has two children. One is a son, the other is a daughter. 我叔叔有两个孩子，一个儿子，另一个是女儿。
16. Oh, why not?噢，为什么不呢？
【点拨】 “Why not?”意为“为什么不……？”、“为什么不行呢？”，来反问对方为什么不能去。
17. Taras shorter than Tina. 泰拉比蒂娜矮。
Tom is more athletic than Sam. 汤姆比萨姆的体格强健。
【点拨】 单音节形容词的比较级是在词尾加-er构成，多音节形容词的比较级是在前面加more构成；very, quite等只可用来修饰原级，much, far, a little等可用来修饰比较级。例如：
I am a little taller than you. 我比你高一点。
This bike is more expensive than yours. 这辆自行车比你的贵。
巩固练习
()1. —________ do you send e-mail to your cousin?
—Sometimes. (2008广东省)
A. How long B. How much
C. How oftenD. How soon
()2. How many ________ do you want every week? （2008四川泸州）
A. milk B. waterC. apples
()3. —Linda, pass my glasses to me, please. I can_______ read the words in the newspaper.
—With pleasure.(2008青海省)
A. hardly B. nearly C. clearly
()4. Amy, Ill be on holiday for a week. Could you help me _______ my dog? (2008河南省)
A. look for B. look at
C. look afterD. look over
()5. _______ they arrived early at the airport,they nearly missed their flight. (2008天津市)
A. IfB. Because
C. As soon asD. Although
()6. I think real cards are _______ than e-cards.(2008北京市)
A. nice B. nicerC. nicestD. the nicest
()7. —Youve stayed in this school for several days, havent you?
—Yes. I think Ill be here for _______ more days. (2008湖北襄樊)
A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little
()8. —Hurry up. The bus is coming.
—Wait a minute. Dont cross the street_________ the traffic lights are green.(2008安徽省)
A. after B. untilC. while D. since
()9. —I have a bad cold. I feel terrible. (2008四川泸州)
—_________.
A. All right B. Sorry to hear thatC. OK
()10. —________ have you learned to play the guitar?
—For three years. （2008吉林长春）
A. How longB. How often
C. How soonD. How much
()11. —Linda, when shall we take a walk?
—After I finish ________ the dishes.(2008北京市)
A. wash B. washed
C. to washD. washing
()12. —_______ is it from Haikou to Sanya?
—Its about 300 kilometres. (2008海南省)
A. How farB. How long C. How many
()13. You should guess its meaning when you meet a new word, dont _______ your dictionary all the time. (2008广西来宾)
A. keep onB. work on
C. look on D. depend on
()14. We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun, so lets have _________ one this month.（2007江苏苏州）
A. the other B. someC. anotherD. other
()15. —What about traveling during the summer holidays?
—_________ It can relax us and open our eyes.
(2007广东佛山)
A. Why not? B. What for?C. I think so.
16. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子。每空限填一词。
不要吃太多的垃圾食品，对身体不好。
Please dont eat _________ _________ junk food.
篇5：八年级上册生物重点复习资料
第十六章
有关于动物的我们在这里给同学们一一介绍。
1、动物的行为：动物体在内外刺激下所产生的活动表现。如动物的运动、鸣叫、身体姿态或颜色的变化
动物的行为：受神经系统与激素的调节，受遗传物质的控制，这是在漫长的进化(自然选择)中逐渐形成。
根据动物行为的发生，动物的行为可分为先天性行为和后天学习行为。
最简单的学习行为是一种习惯化(乌鸦见到稻草人前后行为的变化)。
2、根据动物行为的功能，动物的行为可分为取食行为、领域行为、攻击行为、防御行为、繁殖行为、节律行为、社群行为等。(懂得举例和分辨)
注意： 攻击行为与防御行为的本质区别为： 是否为同种动物。
记住： 动物行为有利于个体生存和种族的延续。
特别记住社群行为(判断动物群体是否是一个社群：群体中是否有首领，群体中是否有分工合作)
▲ 判断群体的行为是否是社群行为，就看它的行为是否为群体服务，如工蜂的“群起而攻之”从个体上来说是一种防御行为，从群体上来看，是一种社群行为，还有工蜂的觅食行为也是一样的情形。
3、动物行为的研究：
研究动物行为的方法主要有观察法和实验法。(懂得分辨)
要明白做一些实验验证某一问题时的步骤：
提出问题(假设)------根据假设，设计实验------观察实验现象，作记录------通过分析实验现象，经过推理总结作出结论。
那么为了减少偶然性，一般要设置一个对照组。
▲ 动物行为研究案例：
法布尔对昆虫的研究(观察法为主)(法国昆虫学家)
弗里施对蜜蜂色觉的研究(实验法)(奥地利利动物学家，动物行为学的杰出学者)
-----通过颜色卡片来验证蜜蜂的色觉。
廷伯根对银鸥幼雏求食行为的研究(英国籍荷兰动物学家)
劳伦斯对小野雁学习行为的研究(奥地利学者，“现代动物行为学之父”)
▲ 观察法与实验法的本质区别：是否对研究对象(动物)施加外界影响。
联系：实验法是以观察法为基础，离不开观察法。
总结：以上只是对动物的功能，动物的行为，动物的特点进行的研究，还需我们做做探究性的研究。
第十七章
本节要点，动物在动物圈中的作用，动物多样性的.。
生物圈中已知的动物约有150多万种。我国脊椎动物的种类有6300多种，占世界脊椎动物种类的14%。
1、动物在生物圈中的主要作用：
A 促进生物圈的物质循环(将直接或间接以绿色植物为食，所以被称作为消费者)
B 对植物的积极作用：帮助植物传播花粉，使植物顺利受精，促进植物的生长与繁殖
C 在维持生态系统的生态平衡中起着重要的作用。
生态平衡：在生态系统中，各种生物的数量与各自所占的比例总是维持在相对稳定的状态
食物链与食物网：在一定自然区域内各种生物之间，各种生物之间的复杂的捕食与被食的营养联系形成食物链与食物网。生物之间这种相互依赖、相互制约的关系，使各种生物种群的数量趋于平衡，从而促进生物之间的协调发展。
生物圈中的任何一种动物，与它栖息的环境都是相互作用的。动物不仅适应环境，从环境中获得生活必须的物质与能量，而且能够影响和改变环境
2、我国的动物资源：
我国许多的特有珍稀动物： 哺乳类——大熊猫、金丝猴、扭角羚、白唇鹿、白鳍豚。鸟类——褐马鸡、黑颈鹤。爬行类——扬子鳄。两栖类——大鲵。鱼类——白鲟、中华鲟。
大熊猫---哺乳类，国家一级保护动物，只见于我国四川、甘肃、陕西等省。在四川省建立了卧龙自然保护区;
扭角羚---国家一级保护动物，只见于四川、甘肃、陕西、西藏等。
褐马鸡---国家一级保护动物，主要分布在山西吕梁山脉与河北西北部等山地。
扬子鳄---古老的爬行类，被誉为“活化石”。
& 动物多样性包括：物种多样性、遗传多样性和生态系统多样性。其中，遗传多样性是基础;生态系统多样性为生物的生存提供栖息环境。
保护动物的多样性要在遗传物质、物种和生态环境三个层次上制定保护战略和采取保护措施。最根本的是保护生态系统多样性。
& 动物多样性的保护措施包括：就地保护、易地保护、法制教育和管理。其中就地保护是主要措施;易地保护是补充措施;法律法规包括：《环境保护法》、《野生动物保护法》、《森林法》、《自然保护纲要》
▲ 就地保护的主要措施是建立自然保护区
总结：保护动物多样性已刻不容缓，现在我国动物正面临着危险，需要我们来号召同学们来保护。
初二生物上册知识点之血液生理功能
概括起来说血液是机体的营养、兴奋、调节、防御机能的基础，是人体生长、生存、繁衍、行为、活动和抵御疾病的物质基础。
1.运输功能：可将自肺部吸入的氧气和自消化道吸收的各种营养成分(如葡萄糖、氨基酸、矿物质等)，经过血液运输到全身各个脏器和组织，同时将各个脏器和组织产生的各种代谢产物(如C02、尿素等)，通过血液输送到肺、肾等排泄器官排出体外。
2.协调功能：将各种激素、酶类运输到相关组织器官，实现对全身各组织器官功能活动的协调。
3.维护机体内环境稳定：通过循环与身体各部位广泛沟通，对体内水电解质平衡、酸碱平衡、体温恒定有重要作用，使机体保持一个适宜而稳定的理化环境医学教育`网搜集整理。
4.防御功能：白细胞、抗体、补体、细胞因子具有强大免疫功能。血小板、凝血因子具有止血和凝血作用。
总结：血细胞也是神经内分泌系统的一个重要组成部分，它们和体内各内分泌腺分泌的激素对机体局部起着不容忽视的调控作用。
八年级生物复习资料之光合作用
下面是老师对八年级生物复习资料之光合作用的总结学习，希望同学们好好学习了。
光合作用：
①条件：光能、叶绿体 原料：二氧化碳、水 产物：有机物、氧气
光能
②公式：二氧化碳 + 水 有机物 + 氧气
叶绿体 初中地理 (储存能量)
③光合作用原理在生产上的应用：合理密植、增加光照、提高二氧化碳浓度等
④“绿叶在光下制造有机物”的实验步骤是：暗处理(耗尽叶中有机物);部分遮光;光照数小时后隔水加热(用酒精脱去叶绿素);清水漂洗，滴加碘液，结果：遮光部分不变蓝，见光部分变蓝 证明：绿叶在光下制造淀粉
篇6：八年级英语上册重点复习
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
单元重点：
1）一般过去时
2）不定代词的用法：
a)不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单三
b)形容词修饰不定代词要放在其后
c)something 一般用在肯定句中，anything一般用在否定句和疑问句中
重点词组：
go on vacation去度假stay at home待在家里go to the mountains去爬山
go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营quite a few相当多study for为……而学习go out出去most of the time大部分时间
taste good尝起来很好吃of course当然feel like给……的感觉/ 想要in the past在过去walk around四处走走because of因为 one bowl of… 一碗……the next day第二天drink tea喝茶find out找出； 查明 go on继续take photos照相
something important重要的事up and down上上下下come up出来
用法集锦：
1）buy sth.for sb./ buy sb.sth.为某人买某物
2）taste + adj.尝起来……look+adj.看起来……
3）nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有
4）seem+（to be）+ adj.看起来……
你还能想到seem的什么用法？
5）arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地
6）decide to do sth.决定去做某事
7）try 的用法：
作动词：try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事 try one’s best to do sth.作名词： have a try
8)forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事
9)enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事10)dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事
11)Why not do.sth.?为什么不做……呢？12)So + adj.+ that+从句如此……以至于……
13)tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事
14)总结keep 的用法
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
单元重点：
1）关于how的词组
2）频率副词的位置：放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实意动词之前
3)How often 与How many times 的区别？
重点词组：
help with housework帮助做家务on weekends/ on the weekend在周末how often多久一次hardly ever几乎从不once a week每周一次twice a month每月两次
every day每天be free有空go to the movies去看电影use the Internet用互联网swing dance摇摆舞play tennis打网球stay up late/ stay up 熬夜；睡得很晚
at least至少go online 上网 have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课less than少于go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动be good for对……有好处go camping去野营not…at all一点儿也不…in one’s free time在某人的业余时间
be good for 对···有好处the most popular最受欢迎的such as比如；诸如
old habits die hard积习难改go to the dentist去看牙医morn than多于；超过
用法集锦：
1）help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事
help还有什么用法？
2）How about…?......怎么样？/ ……好不好？= What about +n./ v-ing.3）主语+ find+ that从句.……发现……
4）spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
spend 还有何意，其具体用法是什么？
5）It’s+ adj.（for sb）+ to do sth.做某事的……的。
6）ask sb.about sth.向某人询问某事
7）by doing sth.通过做某事
总结by 的意思：
8）What’s your favorite……?你最喜爱的……是什么？
9）the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式
10）maybe与 maybe 的区别？
11）quite 意为_________其后跟__________(词性)
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