涉外贸易合同（通用6篇）
篇1：涉外贸易合同
于_________年_________月_________日，_________先生_________有限公司（以下简称售方），_________先生_________公司（以下简称购方），鉴于售方同意出售，购方同意购买_________（以下简称合同货物），其合同货物的质量、性能、数量经双方确认，并签署本合同，其条款如下：
1．合同货物：_________
2．数量：_________
3．原产地：_________
4．价格：_________f．o．b_________
5．装船：第一次装船应于接到信用证后30天至45天内予以办理。从第一次装船，递增至终了，应在12个月内完成。
6．优惠期限：为了履行合同，若最后一次装船时发生延迟，售方提出凭证，购方可向售方提供30天的优惠期限。
7．保险：由购方办理。
8．包装：用新牛皮纸袋装，每袋为_________公斤；或用木箱装，每箱为_________公斤。予以免费包装。
9． 付款条件：签订合同后5天（公历日）内购方通过开证行开出以售方为受益人，经确认的，全金额100％的，不可撤销的，可分割的，可转让的，允许分期装船的信用证，见票即付并出示下列证件：
（1）全套售方商业发票；
（2）全套清洁、不记名、背书提单；
（3）质量、重量检验证明。
10．装船通知：购方至少在装货船到达装货港的7天前，将装货船到达的时间用电传通知售方。
11．保证金：
（1）通知银行收到购方开具的不可撤销信用证时，售方必须开具信用证_________％金额的保证金。
（2）合同货物装船和交货后，保证金将原数退回给售方。若出于任何原因，本合同规定的第12条除外，发生无法交货（全部或部分）按数量比例将保证金作为违约予以没收支付给购方。
（3）若由于购方违约或购方不按照本合同第9条规定的时间内，（第12条规定除外）开具以售方为受益人的信用证，必须按保证金相同的金额付给售方。
（4）开具的信用证必须满足合同所规定的条款内容。信用证所列条件应准确、公道，售方并能予以承兑。通知银行收到信用证后，通知银行应给开证银行提供保证金。
12．不可抗力：售方或购方均不承担由于不可抗力的任何原因所造成的无法交货或违约，不可抗力的任何原因包括战争、封锁、冲突、叛乱、罢工、雇主停工、内乱、骚动、政府对进出口的限制、暴动、严重火灾或水灾或被人们所不能控制的自然因素。
交货或装船时间可能出现延迟，购方或售方应提出证明予以说明实情。
13．仲裁：因执行本合同所发生的一切争执和分歧，双方应通过友好协商方式解决。若经协商不能达成协议时，则提交仲裁解决。仲裁地点在_________由_________仲裁委员会仲裁，按其法规裁决。仲裁委员会的裁决是终局裁决，对双方均有约束力。仲裁费用应由败诉方承担。除进行仲裁的那部分外，在仲裁进行的同时，双方将继续执行合同的其余部分。
14．货币贬值：若美元货币发生法定贬值，售方保留按贬值比率对合同价格予以调整的核定权力。
15．有效期限：本合同签字后，在7天内购方不能开出以售方为受益人的信用证，本合同将自动失效。但购方仍然对第11条中第（2）、（3）项规定的内容负责，支付予以补偿。
本合同一式两份，经双方认真审阅并遵守其规定的全部条款，在见证人出席下经双方签字。
售方（盖章）：_________购方（盖章）：_________
代表（签字）：_________代表（签字）：_________
签订地点：_________签订地点：_________
_________年____月____日_________年____月____日
篇2：涉外贸易合同
我国《合同法》所说的合同，以是否有涉外因素，分为国内合同和涉外合同两类。所谓涉外合同，是指具有涉外因素的合同，即合同的当事人、合同的客体或者产生、变更、终止合同关系的法律事实中任何一个具有涉外因素的合同。
今天小编要与大家分享的是：涉外贸易合同相关范本。具体内容如下，欢迎参考阅读：
涉外贸易合同
于_________年_________月_________日，_________先生_________有限公司(以下简称售方)，_________先生_________公司(以下简称购方)，鉴于售方同意出售，购方同意购买_________(以下简称合同货物)，其合同货物的质量、性能、数量经双方确认，并签署本合同，其条款如下：
1.合同货物：_________
2.数量：_________
3.原产地：_________
4.价格：_________f.o.b_________
5.装船：第一次装船应于接到信用证后30天至45天内予以办理。从第一次装船，递增至终了，应在12个月内完成。
6.优惠期限：为了履行合同，若最后一次装船时发生延迟，售方提出凭证，购方可向售方提供30天的优惠期限。
7.保险：由购方办理。
8.包装：用新牛皮纸袋装，每袋为_________公斤;或用木箱装，每箱为_________公斤。予以免费包装。
9.付款条件：签订合同后5天(公历日)内购方通过开证行开出以售方为受益人，经确认的，全金额100%的，不可撤销的，可分割的，可转让的，允许分期装船的信用证，见票即付并出示下列证件：
(1)全套售方商业发票;
(2)全套清洁、不记名、背书提单;
(3)质量、重量检验证明。
10.装船通知：购方至少在装货船到达装货港的7天前，将装货船到达的时间用电传通知售方。
11.保证金：
(1)通知银行收到购方开具的不可撤销信用证时，售方必须开具信用证_________%金额的保证金。
(2)合同货物装船和交货后，保证金将原数退回给售方。若出于任何原因，本合同规定的第12条除外，发生无法交货(全部或部分)按数量比例将保证金作为违约予以没收支付给购方。
(3)若由于购方违约或购方不按照本合同第9条规定的时间内，(第12条规定除外)开具以售方为受益人的信用证，必须按保证金相同的金额付给售方。
(4)开具的信用证必须满足合同所规定的条款内容。信用证所列条件应准确、公道，售方并能予以承兑。通知银行收到信用证后，通知银行应给开证银行提供保证金。
12.不可抗力：售方或购方均不承担由于不可抗力的任何原因所造成的无法交货或违约，不可抗力的任何原因包括战争、封锁、冲突、叛乱、罢工、雇主停工、内乱、骚动、政府对进出口的限制、暴动、严重火灾或水灾或被人们所不能控制的自然因素。
交货或装船时间可能出现延迟，购方或售方应提出证明予以说明实情。
13.仲裁：因执行本合同所发生的一切争执和分歧，双方应通过友好协商方式解决。若经协商不能达成协议时，则提交仲裁解决。仲裁地点在_________由_________仲裁委员会仲裁，按其法规裁决。仲裁委员会的裁决是终局裁决，对双方均有约束力。仲裁费用应由败诉方承担。除进行仲裁的那部分外，在仲裁进行的同时，双方将继续执行合同的其余部分。
14.货币贬值：若美元货币发生法定贬值，售方保留按贬值比率对合同价格予以调整的核定权力。
15.有效期限：本合同签字后，在7天内购方不能开出以售方为受益人的信用证，本合同将自动失效。但购方仍然对第11条中第(2)、(3)项规定的内容负责，支付予以补偿。
本合同一式两份，经双方认真审阅并遵守其规定的全部条款，在见证人出席下经双方签字。
售方(盖章)：_________
购方(盖章)：_________
代表(签字)：_________
代表(签字)：_________
签订地点：_________
签订地点：_________
_________年____月____日
_________年____月____日
涉外补偿贸易合同
甲方：中国_________公司
法定地址：_________
电话：_________ 法定代表人：_________ 职务：_________ 国籍：_________ 乙方：_________国_________公司
法定地址：_________ 电话：_________ 法定代表人：_________ 职务：_________ 国籍：_________
甲、乙双方在平等互利基础上经友好协商，特订立本合同，共同遵守。
第一条 补偿贸易内容
1.乙方向甲方提供_________台(套)设备及其性能规格资料、辅助设备和零、备、附件及试车用原材料(提供设备另用附件详列)。
2.甲方将用乙方提供的设备所生产的_________产品，偿付上述设备的价款，也可用其他商品来偿付。偿付商品的品种、数量、价格、交货条件等，详见合同附件。
第二条 补偿方法
1.甲方分期开出以乙方为受益人的远期信用证，分期、分批支付全部机械设备的价款。
2.乙方开出以甲方为受益人的即期信用证，支付补偿商品的货款。
3.当乙方支付货款不能相抵甲方所开远期信用证之金额时，乙方用预付货款方式，在甲方远期信用证到期之前汇付甲方，以便甲方能按时议付所开出的远期信用证。
4.由于甲方所开立远期信用证的按期付款以乙方开出即期证及预付货款为基础，所以乙方特此保证及时按合同规定开出即期证及预付货款。
第三条 补偿商品
1.甲方用乙方提供设备生产的商品(详见附件)，按每公历月_________套(件)供应乙方。
2.对其他商品，双方同意分批签署供货合同。供货条件由双方另议。
第四条 偿还方式
1.甲方自乙方提供设备在甲方场地试车验收后第_________个月起，每月偿还全部设备价款的_________%。
2.甲方可以提前偿还，但应在_________天之前通知乙方。
3.在甲方用补偿商品偿还设备价款期间，乙方按本合同有关规定，开立以甲方为受益人的足额、即期、不可撤销、可分割可转让的信用证。
第五条 偿还期限：限于本合同生效后_________个公历月内偿还完毕。
第六条 补偿商品作价
1.双方商品均以_________(币种)计价。
2.乙方提供的设备及零、备、附件等均以_________(币种)作价。
3.甲方提供的补偿商品，按签订本合同时，甲方出口货物的人民币基价，以当时的人民币对_________(币种)的汇率折算成_________(币种)，或经甲方主管部门同意后，以_________(币种)结算。
第七条 双方的利息计算
1.双方议定，本合同项下的_________(币种)及_________(币种)的年利息分别为_________%和_________%。
2.甲方所开立的远期信用证及乙方预付货款的利息均由甲方负担。
第八条 技术服务
1.甲方自行将设备在厂房就位。
2.在主要设备安装调试时，乙方须自费派遣_________人到现场指导，为期_________天;如指导错误，乙方负责赔偿损失。
3.甲方提供安装调试地点的住宿、交通及参加调试、验收的劳务、水、电、汽供应及原材料等。
4.双方代表共同确认验收合同标准。
第九条 附加设备
在执行本协议过程中，如发现本合同项下的机械设备在配套生产时，还需增添新的设备或测试仪器，可由双方另行协商，予以补充。补充的内容仍应列入本合同范围之内。
第十条 保 险
设备进口后由乙方投保。设备所有权在付清货款发生移转后，如发生意外损失先由保险公司向投保人赔偿，再按比例退回甲方已支付的设备货款。
第十一条 税收与费用
本补偿贸易项目中所涉及的一切税收与费用的缴付，均按照中华人民共和国的有关税收法律、法规办理。
第十二条 违约责任
乙方不按合同规定购买补偿商品或甲方不按合同规定提供商品时，均应按合同条款承担违约责任，赔偿由此所造成的经济损失，并向对方支付该项货款总值的_________%的罚款。
第十三条 履约保证
为保证合同条款的有效履行，双方分别向对方提供由各自一方银行出具的保函，予以担保。甲方的担保银行为中国银行_________行，乙方的担保银行为_________国_________银行。
第十四条 合同的变更
本合同如有未尽事宜，或遇特殊情况需要补充或变更内容，须经双方协商一致并达成书面协议，方可有效。
第十五条 不可抗力
由于人力不可抗力的原因，致使一方或双方不能履行合同有关条款，应及时向对方通报有关情况，在取得合法机关的有效证明之后，允许延期履行、部分履行或不履行有关合同义务，并可根据情况部分或全部免于承担违约责任。
第十六条 仲 裁
凡有关本协议或执行本协议而发生的一切争执，应通过友好协商解决。如不能解决，则应提请_________国_________仲裁委员会按_________仲裁程序在_________进行仲裁。仲裁适用法律为_________国法律。该仲裁委员会作出的裁决是最终的，甲乙双方均受其约束，任何一方不得向法院或其他机关申请变更。仲裁费用由败诉一方负担。
第十七条 合同文字和生效时间
本合同用中、_________两种文字写成，两种文本具有同等效力。
本合同自签字之日起生效，有效期为_________年。期满后，双方如愿继续合作，经向中国政府有关部门申请，获得批准后，可延期_________年或重新签订合同。
第十八条 合同附件
本合同附件_________份，系本合同不可分割的一部分，与合同正文具有同等效力。
甲方(盖章)：_________
代表(签字)：_________
_________年____月____日
签订地点：_________
乙方(盖章)：_________
代表(签字)：_________
_________年____月____日
篇3：涉外贸易合同
1 意思自治原则
意思自治原则是涉外经济贸易合同案件法律适用的基本原则, 即涉外合同当事人可以选择处理合同争议所适用的法律。在实践中, 我国一般要求合同当事人的法律选择必须是明示的, 而拒绝承认默示选择法律方式;允许合同当事人在合同订立时或发生争议后选择法律;要求合同当事人选择的法律必须是现行实体法, 而不包括冲突规范和程序法。
2 最密切联系原则
即涉外经济贸易合同的当事人在没有选择处理争议所适用的法律时, 法律适用于与合同有最密切联系的国家法律。在司法实践中, 我国以“特征性履行”作为对合同的最密切联系地进行界定的依据, 即哪一方行为属于合同中最具特征性的履行行为, 就适用哪一方所在地国家的法律。
在通常情况下是:国际货物买卖合同, 适用合同订立时, 卖方营业所所在地法律;银行贷款或者担保合同, 适用贷款银行或者担保银行所在地法律;保险合同适用保险人营业所所在地法律;成套设备供应合同, 适用设备安装运转地法律;代理合同, 适用代理人营业所所在地法律;此外, “最密切联系原则”还是我国解决属人法联结点积极冲突的依据。即在当事人有一个以上营业所时, 就以与合同有最密切关系的营业所为准;当事人没有营业所时, 以其住所或居所为准。
3 仅适用中国法律的特殊原则
《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百四十六条规定, 在我国境内履行的中外合资经营合同、中外合作经营合同、中外合作勘探开发自然资源合同发生纠纷提起的诉讼, 必须适用中国法律。
4 国际条约优先适用原则
适用国际条约规定的前提条件主要是:一是涉外当事人选择适用这些条约;二是这些条约必须是我国缔结或者参加的国际条约;三是条约同我国的《合同法》和其他民事法律有不同的规定;四是我国声明保留的条款除外。迄今为止, 我国缔结或者参加的与涉外经济贸易合同有关的国际公约主要是《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》等。按公约的第一条第一款规定, 缔约国公司间达成的货物买卖合同如不另作法律选择, 则合同规定事项自动适用公约的有关规定, 发生纠纷或诉讼, 亦得依据公约处理。
该公约于1988年1月1日生效。目前已经有近70个国家批准或加入了公约, 占世界贸易的2/3。我国也于1986年加入了该公约, 因此也就承担了执行公约的义务。同时, 因为该公约的适用不具有强制性, 当事人可以通过协议全部或部分排除公约的适用。在公约范围内的事项, 公约有明文规定的, 公约的规定优先于国内法;公约无明文规定的, 应考虑到公约的国际性和促进其适用的统一性, 以及诚信等原则来解决。按照上述关于公约的规定, 我国的进出口合同当事人在订立法律选择条款时, 应该区分不同的情形做出不同的选择:首先, 如果对方当事人所在国为公约缔约国时, 应尽可能以该公约为合同的适用法律。由于公约具有自动适用的特性, 因此, 如果在磋商过程中对方未主动提起适用法律问题, 我方当事人可回避此问题, 日后若发生争端而提起诉讼或仲裁, 该案即自动适用该公约。其次, 如果对方当事人所在国不是公约的缔约国, 鉴于公约的普遍适用性, 以及公约本身的非强制性, 我方当事人也可以与对方当事人协商选择公约作为准据法。但是, 该公约本身存在着重大缺陷如它仅针对国际货物买卖合同而不涉及其他商事合同, 适用的合同类型非常有限;它仅规定国际货物买卖合同的成立和权利义务、违约救济等事项, 而并未涉及合同的有效性、所有权转移等合同法的重大问题。因此, 我方当事人在与非缔约国当事人协议以公约为准据法时, 还应该注意考察合同的性质, 以及欲使所选法律支配的合同事项, 以免因合同性质及有关事项与公约不符, 导致对公约的选择在事实上归于无效。
5 国际惯例原则
所谓国际惯例即作为通例之证明而经接受为法律者, 是指在国际实践中反复使用形成的, 具有固定内容的, 未经立法程序制定的, 如为一国所承认或当事人采用, 就对其具有约束力的一种习惯做法或常例。在应当适用我国法律作为准据法时, 如果我国法律和我国缔结的国际条约未作规定的, 可适用国际惯例。根据《中华人民共和国民法通则》第一百五十条规定, 适用国际惯例的, 不得违背我国的社会公共利益;这些国际惯例如果违背我国社会公共利益, 则不能适用。 在实践中, 当事人所选择的法律既可以是有关国家的国内法, 也可以是国际条约或国际惯例。在国际贸易中经常使用的相关的国际惯例如国际商会制定的《国际贸易术语解释通则》 (简称INCOTERMS) 及《跟单信用证统一惯例》 (简称UCP600) 等。在国际贸易合同领域, 最具有普遍性的国际惯例是《国际商事合同通则》。
罗马国际统一私法协会于1994年制定通过了《国际商事合同通则》 (以下简称《通则》) 。《通则》是在国际层面上对合同法一般原则和规则的“国际重述”。它适用于除极少数例外情形下的所有国际商事合同交易。不仅包括提供或交换商品或服务的一般贸易交易, 还包括其他类型的经济交易。就《通则》的性质而言, 它只不过是国际社会通过非立法的方式所制定的合同实体性文件, 可以被认为是国际惯例。《通则》由于没有国籍、法系特色, 内容又翔实具体, 易于为当事人接受作为合同的适用法律。
2004年, 罗马国际统一私法协会在《通则》1994的基础上对其进行了修改, 增加了五部分内容, 分别是代理权限、第三人权利、抵消、时效期间以及权利转让、义务转移和合同转让, 从而使《通则》的内容更为全面, 更加适应国际形势的需要。由于《通则》在各国的司法实践中得到了普遍的认可, 因此我国当事人在进行法律选择时, 可以直接与对方协商以《通则》为准据法。但是, 由于我国司法实践中只承认明示的选择, 因此, 在选择《通则》作为准据法时, 应该在合同中明确说明。另外, 由于《通则》有1994年版和2004年版, 所以, 在订立法律选择条款时也应一并予以说明。即我们可以在合同中约定“本合同受1994年《国际商事合同通则》支配”或“本合同受2004年《国际商事合同通则》支配”。由于《通则》内容的全面性, 它在国际实践中起到了很大的作用。事实上, 《通则》在实践中的成功超过了所有人的预期。
通过在合同中订立法律选择条款, 可以使当事人之间的权利义务明确化, 但订立法律选择条款需要缔约双方的谈判和协商, 有可能耗费比较长的时间, 因此并不是所有的涉外经济贸易合同都坚持订立法律选择条款就能更好地维护我方的利益, 在以下情形中, 就不宜坚持订立法律选择条款。
第一, 合同金额较小。金额较小的合同产生纠纷的可能性也比较小, 因此没有必要坚持订立法律选择条款。
第二, 合同标的为我方推销的新产品。对于我方的新产品而言, 最重要的是如何迅速地占领对方市场。如果在订立合同时坚持订立法律选择条款, 有可能因为时间的耗费而贻误商机。对此, 最佳的策略是先订立合同, 至于有关的准据法, 可以等到争议发生以后再做解决。
第三, 合同标的为我方急于推销的库存商品。库存商品的积压会大量占用企业的资金, 因此, 为了能快速地回笼资金, 我方也没有必要在这类合同中坚持订立法律选择条款。
第四, 如果对方当事人是我方的长期商业伙伴, 彼此对对方的信任度比较高, 也可以考虑不订立法律选择条款。
总之, 在实践中, 应根据上述原则区分具体情况, 确定处理合同所适用的法律。
摘要：在涉外经济贸易合同中, 我方当事人一般可与对方协商以《国际商事合同通则》或1980年《联合国国际货物买卖合同公约》为准据法。而如果选择我国合同法或对方当事人所属国法律, 则必须慎重考虑。特殊情况下, 我们不应该坚持订立法律选择条款。
关键词：法律选择,国际商事合同通则,联合国国际货物买卖合同公约
参考文献
[1]Michael Joachim Bonell:The UNDROIT Principles of Interna-tional Commercial Contracts:Why-What-How-69Tul.L.Rev.1121:1127.
[2]张玉卿.一部现代、统一之合同法——评介《国际商事合同通则2004》[J].北京仲裁, 2005 (4) .
[5]邹立刚.国际经济法学[M].北京:中国法制出版社, 1999.
[4]国际统一私法协会, 商务部条约法律司编译.国际商事合同通则[M].北京:法律出版社, 2004.
篇4：涉外经济合同翻译的理解与表达
[关键词] 涉外经济合同翻译 准确严谨
涉外经济合同属于法律性公文，所以英译时，有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语，就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。在起草合同文件时对于一些关键词的理解有时还应使用定义条款加以说明。准确严谨的合同译文应具备以下两个要素:一是词语准确，二是正确的表达。因此合同文件中的词语是构成该合同文件最基本的单位，对它的一些主要词语的准确翻译，是英译合同文件的基础。下面就从用词和表达两方面来论述如何准确严谨地英译涉外经济合同。
一、合同中副词的使用
例1:本合同是由依法成立的A公司(以下简称“买方”)和依法成立的B公司(以下简称“卖主”)于2000年3月18日签订。
This contract is entered into as of the March 18th，2000, by and between A, a corporation organized under the law (hereinafter called the ”Purchaser”), and B, a corporation organized under the law (hereinafter called the“seller”).
例2:买卖双方经友好协商，同意以XXX 方式签订合同，并就如下条款达成一致。
The buyer and the seller, through friendly negotiation，have signed this contract on a basis of XXX and agreed on the terms and conditions stipulated below．
以上两个例子中使用了hereinafter，below副词，以此增强合同的庄重性和严肃性。这种公文语惯用副词为数并不多，而且构词简单易记。常用的这类副词是由here、there、where等副词分别加上after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with等副词，构成一体化形式的公文语副词。例如：
从此以后、今后：here after；
据此:here by;
在其上：there on＼there upon；
对于这个：here to；
在上文：here in above here in before；
此后、以后：there after;
在其下：there under；
对于那个：whereto；
在下文：here in after here in below；
在上文中、在上一部分中：there in before；
在下文中、在下一部分中：there in after．
此外还有一些与之对应的关系副词的复合词。如:
借此：where by，为此：where for
在那种情况下:where in，关于那人: where of
这些词用来确指合同中的某一方或合同双方，这样行文准确，从而提高合同文书的正式性。使用副词给人以自古至今合同就有传统，不容轻易改变的含义。这些复合性副词几乎成了合同文体的一种词汇标记，是这类文本的一大特色。
二、词义在上下文中的一致性
一个合同词在不同的场合，译成英文有不同的含义，要正确理解合同原文的词义，必须注意词义上下文的一致，切不能拘泥于字面上的一致，如只保持字面上的一致，译文往往不能准确达意。请看下面句子：
“如在解释上遇有分歧，应以英文本为准”。“解释”在词典上可译成，“construe”，“explanation”，“exposition”，“interpretation”，但这个句子的“解释”是指对合同条文的正式解释，应选择“interpretation'’，较为恰当。故译成“In case of any divergence of interpretations，the English text shall prevail”。
英译涉外经济合同时，常常还由于选词不当而导致词不达意或者意思模棱两可,有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的，是提高英译质量的关键因素之一，现把常用且易混淆的六对词语，用典型实例论述如下。
1.shipping advice与shipping instructions
Shipping advice是“装运通知”，是由出口商(卖主)发给进口商(买主)的。然而Shipping instructions则是“装运须知”，是进口商(买主)发给出口商(卖主)的。另外要注意区分vendor(卖主)与vendee(买主)，consignor(发货人)与consignee(收货人)。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。
2.abide by与comply with
abide by与comply with都有“遵守”的意思．但是当主语是“人”时，英译“遵守”须用abide by。当主语是非人称时，则用comply with英译“遵守”。
例如：合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和國法律，法令和有关条例规定。
All the activities of a joint venture shall comply with the provision of the laws，decrees and pertinent regulations of the People's Republic of China．
3. initialed text与referendum contract
“草签文本”和“草签合同”，这两个术语中的“草签”的含义是不同的。前者是指“缩写签字”，草签时当事人只签其姓名的第一个字母，所以“草签文本”应译为，“initialed text”，而后者的“草签”是构成对条款的认证，但尚不具有法律效力，应译为“referendum contract”。
4.ex与per
源自拉丁语的介词ex与per有各自不同的含义。英译由某轮船“运来”的货物时用ex，由某轮船“运走”的货物用per，而由某轮船“承运”用by。例如:
由“维多利亚”轮运走／运来／承运的最后一批货将于10月1日抵达伦敦。
The last batch per／ex／by S．S． “Victoria" will arrive at London on October(S．S．：Steamship)
5.by与before
当英译终止时间时，比如“在某月某日之前”，如果包括所写日期时，就用介词by；
如果不包括所写日期，即指到所写日期的前一天为止，就要用介词before。
例如：卖方须在6月15日前将货交给买方。
The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June l5．(or：before June l6，说明含6月15日在内。如果不含6月15日，就译为by June l4或者before June l5。)
6.formal agreement与official statement
这两条术语就不能盲目地套用，必须弄清楚他们之间的不同含义。formal agreement
应译作“正式协议”，而official statement应译作“正式声明”。
三、译文的表达
句子理解之后，紧接着就是表达的问题。在翻译中应尽量避免受汉语思维习惯的影响，要多注意两种语言的差异，使译文准确，流畅。但是翻译合同文书应该以“严谨准确”为宗旨。如果流畅和准确发生矛盾时，应选择后者。现举一个不当例子分析如下:
例:签订经济合同的通常做法是由有关当事人中的一方提出签订合同的建议，并在合同中明确规定主要条款的具体内容。
The usual way of signing an economic contract is that one of interested parties puts forward his suggestion that a contract be signed and clearly sets forth the specific contents of major provisions in the contract．
分析:此句的主要内容是“签订合同时，通常的做法是提出签订合同的建议，规定合同的内容”，因此，先将“签订经济合同”译成状语“in the course of signing an economic contract”，再译“通常的做法是”为“the usual practice is”。中间的“由有关当事人中的一方提出签订合同的建议”应译为“for one of the interested parties to…”；另外“建议”应改用“propose”加名词从句，比“put forward a suggestion”显得更加严谨些。
四、结束语
涉外合同翻译涉及的问题很多，但最重要的问题乃是理解与准确表达。在英译合同文书的过程中，译者必须深入理解原文中的每个词语在具体上下文中的含义，着重领会合同文件语言的准确性；在表达时，要对每个经过挑选的词、句進行仔细推敲，选择出最确切的表达方式。因此，在翻译涉外经济合同时一定要坚持准确严谨的原则。翻译的道路还很长，译者只有不断积累翻译的技巧，增加翻译的实践，才能使英语翻译真正为我们的建设服务。
参考文献:
[1]Beaugrande, R. de & W. Dressler. 1981. Introduction to Text Linguistics[M].London: Longman
[2]蔡基刚:英汉汉英段落翻译练习[M].上海:复旦大学出版社, 2001
[3]陈宏薇:新实用汉译英翻译教程[M].武汉:湖北教育出版社, 1996
篇5：涉外贸易专业英文个人简历
English Resume: Name：Michael Yang
Email Address：@public.usa.com
Mobile Phone：1363236XXXX
PERSONAL DETAILS:
Age:26 Sex: Male
Expected Salary: face to face negotiation is preferred.EDUCATIONS:
Sep9.1998/Jul9, 2001 Central South university
College degree.WORKING EXPERIENCE:
Mar.2001/7 TO 2003/3 Pegasus Footwear Co., Ltd
Post:Assistant to Vice General Manager
Duties:
Arrange the production meeting for vice general manager. Receive and reply vice general manager’s internal and external mails. Communicate with Italian designer to follow up his design style with factory developers. Follow up factory 5’s production process and report to vice general manager every day. Receptionist of foreigners especially for dinner with drinking. Translate all the Chinese and English version of company rules. Handle all the issues of vice general manager when he is out of office for vacation or business trip.But calling vice general manager or reporting to president is a must before taking action.ACHIEVEMENTS:
Well assist vice general manager to handle his job.Jul.2003/7/now ACH & Co., HK Ltd
Post:Parts deparment manager
Duties:
Control running of parts department
Sourcing new parts and purchase the general parts for oders. Search new parts vendor and compare the price.Build a system of vendors’ information for emergency use. Supervising assistant and staffs to send out the correct parts for production. Attend the jewely show in China such as in Hong Kong、Guangzhou and Shenzhen for source new vendors. Purchase parts in USA, Germany, and Italy. Execute the instructions from US head office
Control the spare quantity of parts production.Show the
operators how to handle the parts such as laser shooting, plating and polishing etc. Management of parts inventory quantity.ACHIEVEMENTS:
Well control parts department running and get good feedback from US head office.Save lots of cost for company. Train out some good staffs and cooperate with me very well.SKILLS:
Familiar with footwear development. Good command of jewelry field.Practice of 6 months in the
fatory before positioning as parts manager.Good understanding of all the production procedures, especially well known of parts issues.Know the quality problems of the jewelry such as loose and broken stones, over-high and over-low prongs of the rings, over-polishing and poor plating etc.Well uderstanding of parts such as chains, lever back, pins, nuts and silk cord, etc.Know the labor fees of parts processing, price and quality. Can work well under pressure.Face difficulty and patiently train subordinate to work and build team work spirit in our group.Enjoy my work.Good communication and corresponding ability.Can handle the emergency issues well in the job. Good planning of production capacity and accordingly adjust staffs and equipment to match the production if necessary. Make correct decision under emergency situations
Independent work under pressure
TEM-4 and TEM-8 in May, 2000 and March, 2001
Good command of English skills
篇6：涉外借贷合同的
Contract Number:
BORROWER:
Address:
LENDER:
Address:
In accordance with provisions of Contract Law of the Peoples Republic of China and Bank of China, after reviewing the status and the request of the Borrower, the Lender agrees to grant the Borrower a line of credit on . The Borrower, Lender and Guarantor, through friendly negotiation, have executed this Contract as follows:
ARTICLE 1 CURRENCY, AMOUNT AND TERM OF THE LOAN:
1. The Currency under this loan is Reiminbi.
2. The Line of the loan is yuan.
3. The period of this loan is 12 months from the date of effectiveness of this contract.
ARTICLE 2 THE PURPOSE OF THE LOAN:
1. The purpose of this loan is used for working capital turnover.
2. Without written approval of the Lender, the Borrower could not use the loan out of the scope of the purpose.
ARTICLE 3 INTEREST RATE AND CALCULATION OF INTEREST:
1. Interest rate: The interest rate shall be [***] During the loan term, if the countrys related authority adjusted the interest rate or the manner of calculation of interest, the interest of this contract shall be adjusted accordingly after one year from the date of execution of this contract.
The adjustment shall be conducted when the interest rate are executed one year.It is not obliged to inform the Borrower when the adjustment of interest.
2. The interest shall be calculated from the date of first drawdown and the actual days the borrower use. One year shall be calculated as 360 days.
3. The payment of interests: The Borrower shall pay the interests per quarter. The payment date shall be , and If the payment for the last installment is not on the payment date,the interests shall deduct the interest from the bank account of the Borrower.
In the event that the Borrower fails to pay the interests on time and the balance of the account of the Borrower is not enough for the payment of interest, the Lender shall have rights to collect a penalty being [***] of the outstanding amount per day for the Borrowers breach of contract.
ARTICLE 4 OVERDUE INTERESTS AND MISUSING INTERESTS
1. If the Borrower fails to repay the loan and can not reach a agreement with the Lender regarding the extension, the Lender shall collect an overdue penalty for [***] of the overdue amount per day.
2. If the Borrower fails to uses the loan in accordance with the provisions set forth in this contract, the Lender shall have right to charge a interests for the misusing part at a rate of [***] per day.
ARTICLE 5 ACCOUNT
The Borrower shall open Reiminbi basic account and/or foreign currency account at the Lender or Lenders branch for the use of draw-down, repayment,payment of interests and fees.
ARTICLE 6 DRAW-DOWN
1. The loan under this contract is revolving, the balance of this contract shall not more than the line of credit.
2. The Borrower shall send a draw-down application as the form herein attached in this contract 7 days before the date of draw-down.
3. The Borrower shall not draw the loan less than 1 million.
ARTICLE 7 CONDITIONS FOR DRAW-DOWN
The following conditions shall be satisfied in advance of the draw-down date:
1. The Borrower has opened foreign account and Reiminbi account at the office of the Lender or the branch of the Lender;
2. This contract and the appendices have been effective;
3. The Borrower has provided the recognition of the investment or certificate of the investment to the Lender;
4. The Borrower has provided the board resolution and power of attorney regarding this loan contract;
5. The Borrower has provided the list and the signature sample of the authorized person who empower to sign this contract and documents;
6. The Guaranty under this contract has been effective;
7. The Borrower has been satisfied the warrants under Article 11 of this contract;
8. The other requirement for the draw-down have been satisfied.
ARTICLE 8 REPAYMENT PLAN AND PREPAYMENT
1. The Borrower shall repay the loan in accordance with the status of its cash. The Borrower shall inform the Lender the payment amount and date [***] prior to make the payment. The Borrower shall be obliged to repay the principal and related interests on due date without any condition.
2. The payment made by the Borrower and the deduction from the account of the Borrower shall be used for repaying the interest at first and then for repaying the principal.
3. In the event the Borrower fails to repay the loan, the Lender shall have rights to deduct the debt from the bank account of the Borrower at the Lender or empower the branches of the Lender to deduct the debt from the bank account of the Borrower at the Lenders branches;
4. The installment of repayment shall not less than 1 million.
ARTICLE 9 DEBT CERTIFICATE
The Lender shall keep record in the Lenders account for the principal,interests and fees and other fees of the Borrower under this contract; The above mentioned record and the documentation for the draw-down, repayment and payment of interest is the certificates of the debts between the Borrower and the Lender.
ARTICLE 10 GUARANTY
1. (the “Guarantor”) shall be the guarantor for the loan under this contract and take jointly liabilities.
2. During the term of this contract, if the guarantors financial status become deteriorated or the liabilities for repayment of debts become weak, the Lender shall have right to request the Borrower changes guarantor or provide mortgage and pawn secured for this loan under this contract.
ARTICLE 11 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
I. The Borrowers represents and warrants as follows:
1. The Borrower is a company duly organized and validly existing under the law of the Peoples Republic of China and has the power and authority to own its property to consummate the transactions contemplated in this contract and join the litigation. The Borrower has the power to handle it assets used in operation.
2. The Borrower is at its option to sign and perform this contract.It is the Borrowers true meaning and has the power to sign this contract and it is not breach it article of association or regulations or contracts. The procedure for signature and performance of this contract has been gone through and fully effectiveness.
3. The all documents, materials, reports and certificates provided to the Lender by the borrower for consummation of this contract is true, real, compete and effective
4. The Borrower shall not conceal the following events which is being happened or have been happened which will cause the Lender refuse to extend the loan:
(1) The Borrower or the principal executives of the Borrower involve in material events which breach regulations, laws or compensation to others;
(2) Pending actions and arbitration;
(3) The Borrowers debts or proposed debts or liens and other encumbrances;
(4) The other matters will impact the financial status or abilities of repayment for the debts;
(5) The Borrower breached contract which is between the Borrower and other creditors.
II. The Borrower hereby warrants as follows:
1. Using the capital of the loan as usage set forth in this contract, the Borrower will not use the loan as Equity investment; The Borrower will not use the capital of the loan invest in security, future, real estate etc. The Borrower will not lend to the others privately or involving other maters which is prohibited by the country. The Borrower will not misusing or appropriation of the loan.
2. Making payment and related expenses in accordance with the provisions set forth in this contract;
3. Providing updated financial statement or financial bulletin every quarter; Providing the audited financial report at the first quart of each year; Providing operation report, financial report or other files and materials and shall warrant the reality, correct and effectiveness for the files and materials;
4. Any anti-guaranty or other similar documents will not make any impact on the rights and benefits of the Lenders;
5. Accepting the supervision of the Lender, provides assistance and cooperation for the Lenders supervisions;
6. Will not reduce the registration capital; Prior approval from the lender shall be required when the Borrower changes of shareholders and operation manner(including but not limited to joint venture, cooperation, jointly cooperation; dissolution, closedown, liquidation, transformation; merger; change to share company, use the housing, machinery or other real assets or trademark, intellectual property, Knowhow, landing using rights or other intangible assets to invest in share company or investment company, trading of operation right or own right by contracting, joint operation, trusteeship)
7. The Borrower shall inform the Lender and warrants the liability under its security will not more than net assets of the Borrower when the Borrower guarantee for other party or mortgage its assets. The Borrower warrants that will not dispose the assets which will make adverse impact on its ability of paying debts.
8. The Borrower will not pay the other similar loans prior to the Lender;
9. The Borrower warrants to inform the Lender immediately when the following events occurred:
(1) The event of breach of contract under this contract or other loan or guaranty contracts between the Borrower and any branches of Bank of China or other banks, non-bank financial organization;
(2) The Borrower changes shareholders or revise the article of association;
(3) The Borrower suffer difficulties and bad result in financial and operation;
(4) The Borrower involves in material actions or arbitration;
10. The Borrower shall keep sufficient balance for repayment prior [***] to the due date.
11. The Borrower shall keep its bank transactions regarding income collection, sell foreign currency or buy foreign currency ect. Shall be conducted at the Lender or other branches of the Lender. The turn-over for the capital shall satisfy the demand of the Lender;
III. The Borrowers representations and warrants hereunder this contract shall be effective even though any mendment, supplements or revised to be made to this contract.
ARTICLE 12 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTS OF THE LENDER
I. The Lender represents and warrants as follows:
1. The Lender is a state-owned commercial bank or branch duly organized and validly existing under the law of P.R.C and approved by the Industry and Commercial Administration and holds the financial institutions legal person licenses and financial institutions operation license to be qualified to operate financial business.
2. The Lender has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution of this contract and performance of its obligations under this contract. The Lender is duly authorized to extend this loan.
II. The Lender warrants as follows:
1. The Lender shall extend the loan in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Contract.
2. Collect interests in accordance with the regulations of the Peoples Bank.
ARTICLE 13 EVENTS OF BREACH CONTRACT AND SETTLEMENT:
I. Settlement of the Borrower breach of contract
1. Event of breach of contract:
(1) The Borrower fails to use the loan in accordance with the agreed usage of the Loan;
(2) The Borrower fails to repay the due principal and pay the interests, expenses or other payable in accordance with the agreed term of this contract;
(3) The Borrower breaches the representation and warrants set forth in Article 11.
(4) The Borrower breaches other loan agreements or guaranty agreements or the Guarantor breach the guaranty agreement which may make impact the Borrower to perform the obligations under this contract.
(5) Conclusive evidence to show that the Borrower lose the capacity of credit or during performance of the obligation under this contract, the financial conditions of the Guarantor are seriously deteriorating or other reasons caused the Guarantor the capacity of credit decline.
(6) The Borrower breaches the other obligations under this contract.
2. Under the above circumstances, the Lender shall have right to:
(1) Request the Borrower to rectify within the period designed by the Lender;
(2) Cease in extending the loan or cancel the credit;
(3) Declare the loan under this contract is due and the Lender shall have right to deduct the outstanding amount from the account of the Borrower. The Borrower shall not appeal against the Lender.
(4) Declare the loan is due under other loan agreements between the Lender and the Borrower, request the Borrower to repay the loan principals, interests, and other expenses.
II. The settlement for the Lender breach of the contract
1. The Lender fails to extend the loan as agreed in this contract without any reasons;
2. The Lender breaches the agreed interest rate and collection add interests or other fees;
3. The Lender breaches the provisions set forth in Article 12;
4. Under the above circumstances, the Borrower shall have right to:
(1) Request the Lender to rectify;
(2) Repay the loan ahead of time and refuse to pay any compensation for prepayment.
ARTICLE 14 DEDUCTION
The Borrower shall pay in full for the payment without any counteraction or any condition.
ARTICLE 15 ASSIGNMENT OF THE DEBT AND CREDIT
1. The Borrower shall not assign its right and liability under this contract to other third party without any written approval of the Lender;
2. In the event the Borrower assign its right and liability under this contract to other third party under the written consent of the Lender, the third party shall abide this contract without any condition.
ARTICLE 16 PERFORMANCE OF OBLIGATION AND WAIVER OF RIGHTS
1. The Borrower is independent contractor under this contract, it will not impact by any other relations between the Borrower with other party except the other provisions set forth in this contract.
2. The Lender give any extension, toleration, favor to the Borrower or permit the Borrower to delay of performance any obligation under this contract shall not impair any rights of the Lender in accordance with this contract and laws, regulation, it shall be deemed to have waived its rights under this contract and the obligation shall be performed by the Borrower under this contract.
ARTICLE 17 AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND INTERPRETATION OF THE CONTRACT
1. This contract could be amended and supplemented upon the written agreements conclude by the parties. Any a amendment and supplement shall be integral party of this contract.
2. In the event change of laws, regulations or legal practice which will cause any terms contained in this Contract become illegal, invalid or loss of practice, the other part of this contract shall not be impaired by it. The both parties shall make efforts to change the illegal, invalid or loss of practice part.
3. For the matters not referred in this contract shall be construed in accordance with the provisions of the Peoples Bank of China.
ARTICLE 18 DISPUTE RESOLUTION, GOVERNING LAW AND WAIVER OF EXEMPTION
1. The conclusion, interpretation and dispute resolution shall be subject to the Laws of the Peoples Republic of Chin. The disputes arising from the execution of this contract shall be settled through friendly consultation by both parties. In case no settlement can be reached, the disputes shall be submitted to the Peoples Court of the location of the Lender for judgment.
2. The Borrower shall not reject any obligation during the settlement of disputes.
3. The execution and performance of this contract and the related transaction is civil behavior. The Borrower shall not appeal to take action to exempt from the obligation under this contract.
(if both parties agree to apply arbitration, the above term shall be:)
1. The conclusion, interpretation and dispute resolution shall be subject to the Laws of the Peoples Republic of Chin. The dispute arising from the execution of this contract shall be settled through friendly consultation by both parties. In case no settlement can be reached, the disputes shall be submitted to China International Economic and trade arbitration commission for arbitration.
2. The arbitration shall be conducted in accordance with the Arbitration Law of Peoples Republic of China and Provisional Rules of Procedure of China international economic and trade arbitration commission.
3. During the Arbitration, this contract shall be effective and the Borrower shall not disclaim the any obligations under this contract.
4. The execution and performance of this contract and the related transaction is civil behavior. The Borrower shall not appeal to take action to exempt from the obligation under this contract.
ARTICLE 19 OTHER MATTER AGREED BY THE PARTIES.
ARTICLE 20 APPENDICES
The following appendices shall be integral part of this contract:
1. Draw-down application 2.
ARTICLE 21 NOTICE
1. Any notice, payment notice or telecommunications shall be forwarded to the following address:
To: The Borrower:
Address:
Post Code:
Fax:
To: The Lender:
Address:
Post Code:
Fax:
2. If any change of address shall inform the other party immediately.
3. Any notice, payment request or communication shall be forwarded to the above address. The dates on which notices shall be deemed to have been effectively given shall be determined as follows:
(1) If given in letter it shall be deemed effectively given on the fifth day after the date mailed by registered airmail, postage prepaid;
(2) If given by telex it shall be deemed effectively given on the date the other party returned the information;
(3) If given by facsimile it shall be deemed effectively given on the first date of transmission;
(4) If given by personal delivery it shall be deemed effectively given on the date of personal delivery;
This contract become effective after signed by the authorized representatives of both parties until the loan and the interests and other related expenses be cleared up.
This contract is executed in _____ original and be equally authentic.Each of the Borrower, the Lender shall hold ____ copy.
Borrower: