航空维修保障对机务人员的挑战

航空维修保障对机务人员的挑战（共5篇）

篇1：航空维修保障对机务人员的挑战

航空维修保障中的人员因素浅析

航空维修保障的实质就是机务人员依据维修保障装备在平时和战时的客观活动规律，运用科学的方法，保证航空维修保障装备工作活动的正常高效，并使其在不断重复、不断循环过程中向前发展，不断增加航空维修保障活动中人与人、人与物、物与物之间的效应，以提高航空维修保障装备的战斗效能。

由于飞机结构设计的进步，飞机制造中新技术的引入，以及以可靠性为中心的维修项目的开发等，飞机的安全性和可靠性不断提高。与此形成鲜明对比的是，维护保障领域中的人为差错问题却不断地显现出来。近年的飞行事故报告表明，由维护保障人员引起的人为差错已成为仅次于飞机设计问题而造成重大事故的第二位因素。

本文从思想政治、专业业务、身体心理三个方面来分析航空维修保障的机务人员因素。

1.思想政治。

航空维修保障机务人员在思想政治方面，必须具有正确的理想信念和良好的思想品质，遵纪守法，服从命令，立志献身国防，忠实履行革命军人职责。

2.专业业务

在专业业务方面比较系统地掌握所学专业的基础理论与基本知识，了解本学科专业发展前沿和相关知识。具有较好的专业基本技能和从事本专业实际工作的能力，具备较好的专业素养、较强的创新意识和较宽的专业适应面。不仅要熟练掌握本专业的知识,还要了解航空装备所涉及的相关专业知识;不仅要掌握二代机的专业知识,更要掌握三代机的专业知识。以适应现代战争对多机种航空装备维修保障的要求。

不仅要熟练掌握所学专业航空装备维护保养和故障排除的基本技能、科学操作要领,具有独立的维修保障能力,还要具备现代高科技战争复杂条件下的多种机型的航空装备应急抢修能力,具备快速、准确、高效的技术操作技能和维修保障∀ 绝活#。

3.身体心理

在身体心理方面掌握军事体育运动的一般知识和军事心理学的基本知识。具有军事体育运动的基本技能、良好的现代化军事战争环境下的心理适应能力。具备良好的健康意识、强健的体魄和健康的心理。

(3)科学管理、决策和组织指挥能力。在飞机维修保障活动中,人为差错的发生虽最终表现为个人的行为,但不能简单地将原因归结为纯粹的个人原因,应该对维修活动中的各工作环节和管理系统中各种因素如决策、组织指挥、用人分配等加以研究, 从而找出真正的原因, 达到避免人为差错的发生。科学管理与科学决策密不可分, 航空机务工作者必须具备一定的科学决策能力。在航空装备维修保障管理工作中,科学决策将帮助我们避免许多盲目性和主观随意性, 极大提高航空装备维修保障的科学性。航空机务工作者要掌握现代科学决策的发展特点和决策科学化的原则, 能熟练的运用各种常用的决策技术,同时也必须具有注重调查研究的工作作风,具有善于分析判断归纳综合的科学思维能力, 在决策过程中能够做到果断而不武断,拥权而不专权,始终站在主动地位, 充分利用反馈信息,根据执行情况做出必要的调整。与此同时, 航空机务工作者必须具备一定的组织指挥能力, 要懂得一套组织设计原则,如因事设职, 权贵一致, 指挥统一, 跨度适宜等,熟悉并善于运用各种组织形式,善于运用组织的力量,协调人力、物力、财力进行综合平衡以期获得最佳的航空机务维修保障效果。要具备在战时保障环境恶化的条件下制定应急而科学的维修保障方案,严密组织,并高效规范地付诸实施的应急保障组织能力。

为使管理、决策和组织指挥更加科学高效,航空机务工作者要具备知人善任的能力。知人才能善任,才能用之所长、避之所短, 充分调动并发挥其积极性和主观能动性, 最大限度地提高工作效率,防患于未然,提高维修保障的可靠性。

(5)处理人际关系的能力。现代航空装备技术密集度高,工艺复杂,涉及多个学科和专业,有许多跨行业的协作,需要一个优秀的维修技术团队才能搞好维修保障工作, 因此较强的处理人际关系的能力是航空维修保障机务工作者必备的素质之一。航空维修保障机务工作者要能够顾全大局,勇于承担风险,在工作中能够客观地评价自我和他人,善于与人交往,具备好的修养, 善于倾听各种意见,做交换意见、沟通情况、协调关系的能手。对上级尊重,积极给予协助和支持。对下级谦虚谨慎,能平等相待。对外热情公正而客观,对内有自知之明, 知道自己的长处和短处,能够随时检点自己的行为, 以身作则,起表率作用。3.3!对素质的挑战

(1)思想政治素质。思想政治素质是根本, 要坚定建设有中国特色社会主义的信念, 坚信中国共产党的领导,坚决听从党中央、中央军委指挥,具有一定的政治敏锐性。要树立科学的世界观、人生观、价值观, 具有献身国家、热爱军队, 忠于职守、诚实守信、敢于负责、团结协作、艰苦奋斗的良好道德和军人职业道德。

(2)勇敢坚定的战斗精神。要具备刚毅果敢的军人气质,具有压倒一切敌人、不怕艰难困苦,不怕流血牺牲的敢于战斗敢于胜利的战斗精神。具有令行禁止、勇敢顽强的作风和严格的组织纪律观念。(3)科学技术、信息与发展素质。不仅要具有崇尚科学、追求真理的探索意识,严谨的科学态度和一丝不苟的科学精神,还要具有较好的专业素养, 具有强烈的好奇心、丰富的想象力、敏锐的直觉、活跃的灵感和积极的求异思维品质等科学技术素质。科学技术素质已成为人的继续发展之基, 是军事人才之所以成为新型军事人才的根本标志。但要适应信息时代的需要,还应突出信息素质,信息素质已被看作为一般社会成员个体赖以生存和发展的基本能力,而对航空机务工作者来说,则是进入信息化战争的∀ 通行证#。发展素质是人的生长性素质, 它使人的素质具有持续发展性, 有了自我发展、新陈代谢的生长机制,军事人才才能处于生长和发展之中。(4)强健的身体素质。这一问题众所周知但却最容易忽视,结果导致∀ 重智能、轻体能#或∀ 高智能、低体能#现象具有一定程度的普遍性。研究表明: 健康的体能是健康的智能的基础, 否则将会出现各种亚健康状况:力不从心,气力衰退, 容易疲劳, 注意力分散,听觉、嗅觉、触觉的灵敏度降低,出现记忆和思维故障,工作能力、效率降低等, 而且在一定的工作环境和社会环境下, 将会诱发多种疾病,从而影响工作质量,出现漏、忘、错事件,导致各种人为差错和故障。难以想象: 在和平环境下都难以适应的这种身体,将怎样经受得住艰苦的高强度的战争环境的考验并取得战斗的胜利。因此, 我们要树立∀ 体能是智能的保障#的思想, 积极参加军事体育训练, 具备强健的身体素质, 能承受紧张艰苦的训练生活和严酷的战场环境。

(5)健康的心理素质。人的心里因素包括理想、情绪、气质、性格、动机、需要等内容。心理活动是复杂多变的,心理品质和心理状态直接影响人的感知、判断和动作。在各类维修保障差错中, 几乎都可以找到心理因素的影响。因此维修保障机务人员应加强自身修养,注重良好心理素质的训练和养成,具有较强的心理调控能力和心身、心智协调能力, 能承受生活挫折、艰苦环境和流血牺牲的考验,善于克服困难,意志顽强、镇定自若、自信从容,这样才能更好的减少维修保障差错的发生。

(6)严谨的工作作风。科学统计表明,在航空维修保障活动中, 有很多的故障或事故是人为的差错引起的。人为差错可分为技术性差错和非技术性差错。技术性差错是指由于缺乏避免差错的知识、技术和技能而造成的差错, 也就是说,出错者是处于不懂、不知的情况下出差错的。这就对航空机务工作者的专业知识、技能提出了挑战。而非技术性差错, 它不是由于缺乏有关知识、技术、技能而引起的, 而是由于粗心大意、缺乏责任心、身心不适等原因造成的。这就要求我们机务人员必须具有优良的维护作风,认真负责(对战斗胜利负责, 对战友安全负责,对国家财产负责)、准确迅速、团结协作、刻苦耐劳, 发扬我军艰苦奋斗的优良传统,精心维修航空装备,积极完成作战任务, 确保安全。4!结语

总之,随着科学技术的发展,航空装备的进步,现代战争的日新月异, 航空装备的维修保障越来越复杂,科技含量也越来越高,对航空维修保障机务人员的素质要求也越来越高。只有充分认识到这一点,与时俱进,不断学习进取,不断完善自我,才能在现代高技术战争的挑战中永远立于不败之地。

篇2：航空维修保障对机务人员的挑战

舰载航空装备机务保障人员体能训练初探

本文从舰载航空装备机务保障人员对体能训练的.客观要求及现状分析入手,对舰载航空装备机务保障人员体能训练将面临的一些的现实问题.提出了一些自己粗浅的思考及设想.

作 者：赵忠国 仪旭光 作者单位：中国人民解放军海军航空工程学院青岛分院,山东,青岛,266041刊 名：科技信息英文刊名：SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION年，卷(期)：“”(15)分类号：V2关键词：航空母舰 体能训练 舰载航空装备机务保障 训练管理

篇3：航空维修保障对机务人员的挑战

航空机务特定维修岗位包括发动机特检、无损检测、油液分析、发动机综合监控、检测计量和飞参处理等重要岗位, 这些岗位涉及学科知识面广、渗透交叉、专业技能要求高, 直接关系航空装备安全, 直接影响战斗力的发挥。 航空机务特定维修岗位资格培训是加强航空维修保障能力建设, 推进航空机务训练, 促进机务维修持证上岗的重要举措。 随着特定维修专业工作在航空机务系统的广泛推广和普及, 其工作任务越来越重, 专业人员的需求越来越大, 当前从事特定维修岗位工作的人员多是经过简单的自我学习、短期培训、设备带教等培训方式后上岗的。 这种人才培养方式和质量与航空机务实现跨越发展要求还有较大差距。 为此, 加强特定维修岗位培训体系构建研究与实践具有重要意义。

二、体系构建理念与过程

(一) 体系构建理念模式。

针对航空机务特定维修岗位特点, 我单位确定提出以特定维修岗位工作过程为导向, 按照“3343”理念模式开发培训体系。 即:体系构建分为岗位调研、人才培养模式论证和课程开发3个阶段;其中课程开发是核心, 按照先开发专业课程、再改造公共基础课程、 最后进行保障体系建设的3个步骤实施;在专业课程开发中注重头脑风暴、分析开发、研讨确认和决策计划4个关键环节, 最终实现工作任务向行动领域、行动领域向学习领域、学习领域向学习情境的3个转换。

(二) 体系构建基本过程。

体系的构建主要分三个阶段完成:第一阶段:课题准备与调研阶段。 一是到各航空机务工作单位, 通过专家研讨、工作实践、问卷调查等方法对特定维修岗位的工作、职位、职能等方面进行全面的分析调研。 对无损检测、油液分析、发动机综合监控、 发动机特检等具有代表性的特定维修岗位进行工作任务分析; 二是对各特定维修岗位工作任务和胜任能力进行综合归纳, 确定特定维修岗位人才培训能力目标模型。 三是通过工作任务及胜任能力的分析, 提炼出典型的工作任务, 并对其进行进一步论证。

第二阶段:人才培养模式论证阶段。 一是对资格培训、技能等级认证和专题轮训相衔接的人才培养途径进行论证。 二是研究制定特定维修岗位各工种职业资格标准体系; 三是对油液分析、无损检测等特定维修岗位人才培养目标分析, 制订了基于工作过程与职业标准相衔接的特定维修岗位专业人才培养方案。 在基于工作过程导向论的指导下, 重点对航空油液监控专业进行课程建设和实践保障条件建设。

第三阶段:课程开发与实施阶段。 课题组采用边实践、边总结、边深化研究的策略和方法, 在前期形成的人才培养模式研究和课程开发思路的基础上, 一是按照科学的职业资格研究方法进行职业分析, 修订特定维修岗位职业标准和考核大纲;二是按照工作过程系统化原则确立课程结构和课程, 构建学习领域课程;三是以工作行动为导向, 创设学习情境和开发课程教学项目, 完成无损检测、发动机特检、发动机综合监控、飞参处理、航空油液监控等特定维修岗位专业理实一体化实践条件建设。

三、研究内容

(一) 基于工作过程, 科学提出特定维修岗位人才培养新思路。

一是以工作过程观为指导, 确定“四个坚持”的人才培养思路。 即:坚持贴近岗位, 使学员获得与工作岗位和职业发展需要相一致的岗位知识、技能与态度;坚持能力为本, 围绕岗位能力生成组织学习领域, 创设真实或模拟的岗位工作情境, 设计相应的实践教学活动;坚持职业标准为依据, 人才培养过程融合职业标准要求, 推行“双证制”;坚持工作任务为引领, 以典型工作任务整合理论知识和专业技能, 设计学习领域课程。

二是准确定位人才培养目标, 确立“五个对接”专业建设策略。 针对航空机务特定维修岗位特点, 准确定位培养“高素质技能型”人才的专业培养目标。 “五个对接”的专业建设策略是指专业设置与工作岗位群对接; 课程标准与岗位职业标准对接;人才培养过程与工作过程对接;培训证书与岗位职业资格证书对接;任职教育与终身学习对接。

三是以院校为培训主阵地, 构建“三位一体”人才培养新模式。 着眼院校、科研院所和部队三方各自优势, 在上级业务机关的组织领带下, 建立了以院校培训为主阵地, 科研院所为技术依托, 部队岗位实践“三位”, 集资格培训、技能等级评定和专题轮训于“一体”的特定维修岗位专业人才培养新模式。

(二) 以职业能力为基础, 实施基于工作过程系统化的课程体系改革。

一是以工作过程为主线, 构建专业课程体系。 针对特定维修岗位的多学科专业知识渗透的特点, 课题组打破传统学科体系化课程结构模式, 突出工作过程在课程框架中的主线地位, 按照“基础单一能力、中端复合能力和高端复杂能力”三个层级能力目标设计专业人才培养方案课程体系, 使学员的知识结构与工作岗位中知识结构相吻合。 人才培养方案充分体现序化工作过程和梯度化能力目标的逻辑结构特点, 符合“初学者到实践专家”军事职业人才成长和能力形成过程。

二是以工作任务为中心, 重构课程教学内容。 一方面, 打破学科知识体系的课程内容结构, 转变为以工作任务为中心整合理论与实践, 组织课程内容, 让学员在完成具体项目的过程中获取相关理论知识, 并发展相关岗位任职能力。 另一方面, 理论知识的选取紧紧围绕工作任务完成的需要进行, 充分考虑相关职业标准对知识、技能和态度的要求, 并将特定维修岗位文化和职业情境直接融入课程教学内容, 编制课程标准。

三是遵循行动导向原则, 创新教学方法。 在特定维修岗位专业课程教学实施过程中, 遵循以行动导向的现代教育指导思想, 探索应用了案例教学法、角色扮演法、任务驱动法、项目载体法等符合主体性教育思想原则和建构主义学习理念的, 以情境学习为典型的特征教学方法, 取得显著的教学效果。

四是建立资格认证体系, 推行毕业学员“双证制”。 课题组应用科学的职业资格研究方法制定了特定维修岗位的职业标准与考核大纲, 修订航空机务特定维修岗位资格管理规定和实施办法等法规文件, 建立特定维修岗位资格管理认证体系, 将职业资格认证纳入学员毕业综合素质考核的重要内容, 实施结业证书和资格证书“双证制”。

(三) 聚焦理实一体化要求, 配套建设功能完备的实践教学新环境。

通过昂贵仪器模拟化、 一般设备实装化、 训练环境虚拟化、信息资源网络化的建设思路, 建设功能完备、资源丰富、设施先进、与维护装备同步的实践教学保障体系。

一是以专业教室、实验 (习) 室为重点, 建设理实一体化实践教学场所。其中, 新建专业教室3个, 实验 (习) 室4个。 拥有各型发动机解剖件、飞参等实装10台套, 模拟装备20台套。 拥有与毕业后岗位工作实验室配备相一致的光谱、 铁谱、 自动磨粒、 污染度等油液分析仪器6台套; 拥有五大常规及激光、红外、DR射线、视频孔探仪等先进无损检测设备30余台套;各种检测计量设施20台套, 满足了特定维修岗位实践教学需求。

二是建立校外实习基地, 定期组织教学双方深入岗位工作一线。 与多个特定维修岗位工作开展较好的部队单位和航空大修厂联合建立了校外实习基地, 定期组织教员和学员深入岗位了解一线工作情况。

三是开发多种信息资源, 建成网络化的教学平台。 建设了包括超文本教材、视频录像资料、多媒体课件、辅助训练软件等信息资源。 其中, 编写相关航空机务体系教材3本, 公开出版教材5本, 面向部队发行3000余册。 采用沉浸式虚拟仿真技术开发的航空油液监控虚拟训练系统, 再现了岗位工作真实环境, 实现了油液分析操作技能的虚拟训练。 基于网络教学系统开发的“无损检测技术”网络课程, 开发的多部无损检测人员II级培训系列软件, 为航空机务特定维修岗位的远程教学提供了便捷。 建成的CBT网络教室包括多台联网计算机、投影教学设施、网络信息管理平台等, 为多媒体教学软件运行、网络课程学习和专业信息资源的学习共享奠定了基础。

(四) 适应转型建设需要, 加速 “ 双师型” 专业教学团队培养。

一是多措并举, 提高教员专业能力。 借助教员岗位能力达标训练活动, 提高教员岗位专业能力;通过经常性开展集体备课、教学观摩、听课评课等系列活动, 提高教员课程开发、设计与施教能力; 通过定期组织教员参加特定维修岗位实践与调研活动, 提高教员岗位实践能力;推行专业教员职业技能等级认定制度, 促进教员岗位操作技能提升。 鼓励教员深入科研生产一线, 提高专业科研学术水平。

二是广开渠道, 建立专兼结合的教学团队。 从部队、制造厂和科研院所选调、聘请专家充实到专业教员队伍中, 定期开展学术交流活动, 定期邀请参与专业授课, 保持教学团体的新鲜活力。

四、实践效果

(一) 学科专业建设形成新格局, 人才培养效果显著。

随着航空油液监控、 发动机综合监控等特定维修岗位新专业的建立, 学院已形成以军队“2110”重点建设学科专业领域为龙头, 传统机、军、特、电等专业为重点, 新增特定维修岗位专业为特色的学科专业建设新格局。 累计完成各类型20期的教学任务, 组织岗位资格培训班30期。 航空机务从事探伤工作的人员90%经过本专业培训, 年平均约12人次因发现航空装备缺陷故障而立功受奖, 满足了航空机务系统对该类专业人才的急需。

(二) 科研学术研究形成新局面, 服务部队能力突出。

在本培训体系强力推动下, 所属教学组科研学术研究已形成了检测工艺研究和设备开发方面优势突出, 红外、激光等先进无损检测评估技术研究应用独树一帜, 在新型航空材料与结构维护保障研究方面紧跟发展的可喜局面。 近年来, 所研制的各类无损检测仪器、维护保障设备累计推广56套。 解决某型发动机叶片榫槽裂纹检测、复合材料损伤检测等技术难题3项。 承担各类科研计划课题17项, 获得省部级科技进步二等奖3项, 三等奖2项。 教学组成员参加演习、演练等重大活动5次, 完成技术支援任务11次, 受到机关和部队的肯定和表扬。

(三) 教学保障条件形成新规模, 建设经验意义深远。

篇4：民用航空机务维修专业英语

aircraft crew, air crew 机组, 机务人员 pilot 驾驶员, 机长

co-pilot, second pilot 副驾驶员 navigator 领航员 steward 男服务员

stewardess, hostess 空中小姐 radio operator 报务员

Bairliner 班机 monoplane 单翼飞机 glider 滑翔机 trainer aircraft 教练机 passenger plane 客机

propeller-driven aircraft 螺旋桨飞机 jet(aircraft)喷射飞机 amphibian 水陆两用飞机

seaplane, hydroplane 水上飞机 turbofan jet 涡轮风扇飞机 turboprop 涡轮螺旋桨飞机 turbojet 涡轮喷射飞机 transport plane 运输机 helicopter 直升机 supersonic 超音速 hypersonic 高超音速 transonic 跨音速 subsonic 亚音速 Airbus 空中客车 Boeing 波音 Concord 协和 Ilyusin 依柳辛

McDonald-Douglas 麦道 Trident 三叉戟 Tupolev 图波列夫

hatch 舱口

aeroengine, air engine 航空发动机 navigation light 航行灯 fuselage, body 机身 nose 机头 wing 机翼 aileron 副翼 wing flap 襟翼

tail plane 水平尾翼 starboard wing 右翼 port wing 左翼

pilot“s cockpit 驾驶舱 parachute 降落伞 passenger cabin 客舱 propeller 螺旋桨

pressurized cabin 密封舱 undercarriage 起落架

undercarriage wheel 起落架轮 elevator 升降舵

radio navigation device 无线电导航设备 radio directive device 无线电定向设备 luggage compartment 行李舱(fuel)tank 油箱

auxiliary(fuel)tank 副油箱 main(fuel)tank 主油箱 autopilot 自动驾驶仪

ground crew 地勤人员 airport 航空港, 民航机场

airfield, aerodrome, airdrome 机场 airport beacon 机场灯标

airport meteorological station 机场气象站

main airport building, terminal building 机场主楼

emergency landing runway, forced landing runway 紧急着陆跑道 taxiway 滑行跑道 runway 跑道

omnirange radio beacon 全向式无线电航空信标 fuel depot 燃料库 control tower 塔台 tarmac 停机坪

radio beacon 无线电信标

boarding check 登机牌 plane ticket 飞机票 flight, flying 飞行

bumpy flight 不平稳的飞行 smooth flight平稳的飞行 ramp 扶梯

altitude, height 高度 air route, air line 航线 extra flight 加班

economy class, tourist class 经济座 non-stop flight 连续飞行

climbing, to gain height 爬升 circling 盘旋

forced landing 迫降

connecting flight 衔接航班 speed, velocity 速度 ceiling 上升限度

cruising speed 巡航速度 top speed 最高速度 first class 头等 night service 夜航 airsick 晕机

direct flight, straight flight 直飞 landing 着陆

to rock, to toss, to bump 颠簸 to taxi along 滑行

to lose height, to fly low 降低 to take off, take-off 起飞

to board a plane, get into a plane 上飞机

to get off a plane, alight from a plane 下飞机 to face the wind 迎风

ATA章节目录

AIRFRAME SYSTEMS ________________ AIR CONDITIONING........................21 AUTOFLIGHT...........................22 COMMUNICATIONS.........................23 ELECTRICAL POWER........................24 EQUIPMENT/FURNISHINGS.....................25 FIRE PROTECTION........................26 FLIGHT CONTROLS........................27 FUEL..............................28 HYDRAULIC POWER........................29 ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION....................30 INDICATING/RECORDING SYSTEMS..................31 LANDING GEAR..........................32 LIGHTS.............................33 NAVIGATION...........................34 OXYGEN.............................35 PNEUMATIC...........................36 WATER AND WASTE........................38 AIRBORNE AUXILIARY POWER....................49 STRUCTURE _________ DOORS.............................52 ＷＩＮＤＯＷS............................56 POWER PLANT ___________ POWER PLANT..........................71 ENGINE.............................72 ENGINE FUEL AND CONTROL....................73 IGNITION............................74 AIR..............................75 ENGINE CONTROLS........................76 ENGINE INDICATING.......................77 EXHAUST............................78 OIL..............................79 STARTING............................80

缩写 ABBREVIATION LIST A A/C air conditioning 空气调节 A/G air/ground A/L autoland 自动落地 A/P autopilot 自动驾驶 A/S airspeed 空速

A/T autothrottle自动油门, adjustment/test 调整/测试 ABNORM abnormal 不正常的

AC alternating current 【电】交流电

ACARS ARINC Communications Addressing and Reporting System ACCEL acceleration, accelerate 使增速 ACM air cycle machine 空气循环机 ADC air data computer 大气资料电脑

ADF automatic direction finder 自动方位寻找器 ADI attitude director indicator 姿态指示器

ADP air driven pump, air driven hydraulic pump 气动液压泵 ADV advance 推进

AFCS automatic flight control system 飞控系统 AGL above ground level 地标位 AI anti-ice 防冰

AIDS aircraft integrated data system 整合资料系统 AIL aileron 副翼 ALT altitude 高度 ALTM altimeter 高度计 ALTN alternate 交替的 ALTNT alternate 交替的 AMB ambient 环绕的

AMM Airplane Maintenance Manual 修护手册 ANN announcement 通告 ANNUNC annunciator 通告器 ANT antenna 天线

AOA angle of attack 功角

APB auxiliary power breaker 辅助的动力断电器 APD approach progress display 接近行进显示 APL airplane 飞机 APPR approach 接近

APPROX approximately近乎

APU auxiliary power unit 辅助的动力单元 ARINC Aeronautical航空学的Radio Incorporated【美】有限责任的 ARINC IO ARINC I/O error ARNC STP ARINC I/O UART data strip error 通用非同步收发传输器 ASA autoland status annunciator 自动落地状况通告器 ASP audio selector panel 音频选择面板 ASYM asymmetrical 非对称的

ATC air traffic control 空中交通管制

ATC/DABS air traffic control/discrete address beacon system ATT attitude 姿态

ATTND attendant 服务员 AUTO automatic 自动装置的 AUX auxiliary 辅助的

AVM airborne vibration monitor 空中震动监视器 B B/CRS back course 回程 BARO barometric 气压计的 BAT battery 电池;蓄电池

BFO beat扑动frequency oscillator 频率振汤器 BITE built-in test equipment 装备自我测试 BK brake 煞住(车)BKGRD background(干扰录音或无线电广播的)杂音 BPCU bus power control unit 汇流排电力控制单元 BRKR breaker 断电器 BRT bright 发亮的

BTB bus tie束缚breaker 汇流排联系断电器 BTL bottle 瓶子 C C/B circuit breaker 【电】断路器,断路开关 C center 中央

CADC central air data computer 中央大气资料电脑 CAPT captain(飞机的)机长

CB circuit breaker 【电】断路器,断路开关 CCA central control actuator 中央控制致动器 CCW counterclockwise 逆时针方向的 CDU control display unit 控制显示器 CH channel 频道 CHAN channel 频道 CHG change 改变

CHR chronograph 记时器 CHRGR charger 充电器 CK check 检查

CKT circuit 【电】电路;回路 CL close 关闭;盖上;合上 CLB climb 倾斜向上 CLR clear 变乾净;变清楚

CLSD closed 关闭的;封闭的;闭合的 CMD command 命令 CMPTR computer 电脑

CNX cancelled 取消,废除;中止 COL column 圆柱(报纸的)栏,段 COMM communication 通讯 COMP compressor 压缩机 COMPT compartment 隔间

CON continuous 连续的,不断的 COND condition 状态

CONFG configuration 结构;表面配置 CONFIG configuration 结构 CONN connection 连接 CONT control 控制

CP control panel 控制面板

CPCS cabin pressure control system 舱压控制系统 CPS cycles per second 每秒循环 CRS course 方向

CRT cathode阴极ray射线 tube 阴极射线管 CRZ cruise 巡航

CSEU control system electronics unit 控制系统电子元件 CT current电流transformer变压器 CTN caution 注意 CTR center 中央

CU control unit 控制元件 CUST customer 顾客;买主 CW clockwise 顺时针方向的

CWS control wheel steering掌舵 D DA drift漂移angle DADC digital air data computer 数位化大气资料电脑 DC direct直系的,指挥current DEC decrease减少, decrement减少率 DECEL decelerate 降低速度 DECR decrease 减少 DEG degree 度数

DEPR depressurize 洩压;压下 DEPT departure 离开;出发

DEST destination 目标, 目的地 DET detector 探测器

DETNT detent(机械上的)止动装置;棘爪 DEV deviation 误差;偏航

DFDR digital flight data recorder DG directional方向的gyro回转仪罗盘 DH decision决定height高度,海拔

DIFF differential 依差别而定的;鉴别性的 DIR direct 指挥

DISC disconnect 使分离,分开,断开

DISCH discharge 释放,排出(液体,气体等)DISCONT discontinued 停止,中断 DISENG disengage 解开,解除;使脱离 DISP dispatch 派遣

DIST distance 距离;路程 DK deck(船的)舱面,甲板

DME distance measuring equipment 测距仪 DMU data management unit 资料管理单元 DN down 向下

DPCT differential protection current transＦＯＲＭer【电】变压器 DR door 门

DSCRT IO discrete分离I/O error DSPLY display 显示 DSPY display 显示 E EADI electronic attitude director indicator 数位化姿态指示器 ECON economy 节约, 经济

ECS environmental control system 环控系统

EDP engine driven pump, engine hydraulic pump 引擎液压泵 EEC electronic engine control 引擎电控

EFDARS expanded flight data acquisition and reporting system EFI electronic flight instruments 电子化飞行仪表 EFIS electronic flight instrument system EGT exhaust gas temperature 排气尾温

EHSI electronic horizontal situation indicator 水平状况方位指示器 EICAS engine indicating and crew alerting system引擎状况警告指示 ELEC electrical 与电有关的,电气科学的 ELEV elevation 高度;海拔 EMER emergency 紧急情况

ENG engage啮合,接合, engine ENT entrance入口,门口, entry ENTMT entertainment 娱乐

EPC external power contactor 外电源接触器 EPR engine pressure ratio 推力比

EPRL engine pressure ratio limit 推力比范围 EQUIP equipment 装备 ERR error 错误

ESS essential 必需品

EVAC evacuation 撤空;排泄物 EVBC engine vane and bleed control 引擎放气控制 EXH exhaust 排出;排气 EXT external 外部的

EXTIN extinguish, extinguished 灭火器 EXTING extinguishing 熄灭 F F/D flight director 飞行引向器 F/F fuel flow 燃油流量 F/O first officer FAA Federal美国联邦 Aviation Administration行政机构 FCC flight control computer 飞行控制电脑

FCEU flight controls electronic unit 飞控电子单元 FCU fuel control unit 燃油控制器 FDR feeder 餵食器

FIM Fault Isolation Manual 故障隔离手册 FL flow 流量

FL/CH flight level change FLD field(飞机)场,;(广阔的一大片)地(知识)领域;专业;(活动)范畴 FLT flight(飞机的)班次 FLUOR fluorescent 发亮的

FMC flight management computer 飞行管理电脑 FMS flight management system 飞行管理系统 FREQ frequency 频率

FRM Fault Reporting Manual 错误报告手册 FSEU flap/slat electronic unit 副翼电控单元 FT feet复, foot单 英尺 FWD forward 前面的 G G/S glide slope, ground slope 下滑坡度 GA go-around 重飞

GB generator breaker 发电机断电器

GCB generator circuit breaker 发电机断路器 GCR generator control relay 发电机控制继电器 GCU generator control unit 发电机控制组件 GEN generator 发电机

GHR ground handling relay 地面操作继电器 GND ground 地面 GP group 团体

GPWS ground proximity warning system 地面接近警告 GR gear 齿轮;传动装置;(飞机的)起落架 GRD ground 地面

GS ground speed 地速

GSSR ground service select relay 地面勤务选择继电器 GSTR ground service transfer relay 地面勤务转换继电器 GW gross总量weight 总重 H H/L high/low 高/低 HDG heading 【航】航向 HF high frequency 高频 HORIZ horizontal 水平HP high pressure 高压

HSI horizontal situation indicator 水平状况方位指示器 HTR heater 加热器 HYD hydraulic 液压的 I IAS indicated airspeed 指示空速 IDENT identification 识别;鉴定 IDG integrated drive generator IGN ignition 点火,发火;点火开关

ILLUM illuminate, illuminated 被照明的;发光的 ILS instrument landing system 仪降 IMP imperial(度量衡)英制的 IN in, input 输入 INBD inboard 内侧的

INC incorporated结合的, increase增大, increment增加 INCR increase 增加 IND indicator 指示器 INFC interface 分界面

INFLT inflight 飞行过程中的 INHIB inhibit 抑制 禁止

INIT initiation 入门;开始实施 INOP inoperative 不活动的 INPH interphone 对讲机 INST instrument 仪器;仪表 INT interphone 对讲机 INTLK interlock 连结 INTPH interphone 对讲机

INTMT intermittent 时断时续的;周期性的 IP intermediate pressure 中间的压力

IRS inertial reference system 惯性参考系统 IRU inertial惯性的reference unit 惯性参考组件 ISLN isolation 隔离 ISOL isolation 隔离

IVSI instantaneous瞬时的vertical speed indicator 垂直速度指示器 M MCDP maintenance control display panel 修护控制显示面板 MCP mode control panel 模式控制面板 MCU modular模件concept观念 unit MDA minimum decision altitude 最小判断高度 MIC microphone 扩音器;麦克风

MIN minimum 最小量,最小数;最低限度 MM Maintenance Manual 修护手册 MOD module 组件;单元

MON monitor 监视器;监控器 MOT motion(机械的)装置,运转 MPU magnetic pickup 检波器 MSG message 信息

MSTR master 主要的;总的

MSU mode selector unit 模式选择组件 MTG miles to go 英里

MU management unit 管理组件 MUX multiplexer 多路传输 N N/A not applicable 可应用的 NAC nacelle 引擎舱;气球吊篮 NAV navigation 导航

NCD no computed data 无法计算资料

NEG negative 否定的;反面的【电】负的,阴极的【数】负的 NEUT neutral 中立的

NLG nose landing gear 鼻轮起落架 NO.number 数,数字

NORM normal 正常的,正规的,标准的 NRM normal 正常的,正规的,标准的

NVMEM RD non-volatile memory read error 故障读错误排除才能消除 NVMEM WR non-volatile memory write error 故障写错误排除才能消除 O 02 oxygen 氧气 OBS observer 观察员 OK okay 对,很好地 OPR operate 运转 OPT option 选择权 OPRN operation 操作 OUT output 输出

OUTBD outboard 外部的

OVHD overhead 头顶(船舱)顶板 OVHT overheat 过热

OVRD override 权力高於;优先於;越过 OXY oxygen 氧气 P P/RST press to reset 压下清除故障

P/S pitot皮托管(流速计);皮托静压管/static 静态的 PA passenger address 客舱广播 PASS passenger 旅客

PCA power control actuator 电控致动器 PCT percentage 百分比

PDI pictorial deviation indicator 偏航图表示 PES passenger entertainment娱乐system PLA power level angle PLT pilot(飞机等的)驾驶员,飞行员

PMG permananet magnet generator 永磁发电机 PNEU pneumatic 气动

PNL panel 【电】配电盘;控电板 POR point of regulation调节

POS position, positive(电池的)阳极【数】正的 PPOS present当前的 出席的 position PRESS pressure 压力

PRG FLOW program flow error 流量程序错误 PRIM primary 首要的,主要的 PROC procedure 程序;手续;步骤

PROG MEM ROM memory error 唯读记忆体错误 PROJ projector 投射器

PROT protection 保护,防护;PS pitot static 皮托管(流速计);皮托静压管

PSI pounds per square inch 每平方寸上的压力磅数 PSS passenger service system 客服系统 PSU passenger service unit 客服组件 PTT push to talk 发话

PTU power transfer unit 动力传送组件 PWR power 动力 Q QAD quick-attach-detach 快拆卸;使分离 QTS quarts 一夸脱的容器 QTY quantity 数量 R R/T rate of turn 回转速率

R/W MEM RAM memory error 随机存取记忆体错误 R right 右边的

RA radio altimeter, radio altitude 雷达高度 RAT ram air turbine 冲压驱动 RCVR reciever 接受

RDMI radio distance magnetic indicator 磁场距离指示 REC recorder 记录器

RECIRC recirculate 再循环 REF reference 参考

REFRIG refrigeration 冷冻 REG regulator 调节器 REL release 释放,解放

REP representative 代表性的,典型的 REQ required 必须的 RES reserve 储备

RESSTART power interrupt restart error 动力中断重新起动错误 REV reverse 倒退,使倒转 RF right front 右前 RH right hand 右手 RLSE release 释放,解放 RLY relay 【电】继电器 RLY/SW relay/switch RMI radio magnetic indicator 磁场方位指示

RMT OUT high-speed ARINC output error 汇流排输出错误 RN right nose ROT rotation 旋转

RPM revolutions循环,(一)周期回转,旋转per minute RPTG reporting 报导 RR right rear 後方 RST reset 重新设定

RTO rejected丢弃takeoff起飞 RUD rudder(飞机的)方向舵 RW right wing 右翼

RWY runway(机场的)跑道 S SAM stabilizer trim/elevator asymmetry limit module尾舵飞操组件 SAT static air temperature 静压空气温度 SEC second 第二次

SEI standby engine indicator 紧急直接引擎指示 SEL select 选择

SELCAL selective calling 飞航呼叫 SERV service 服务

SG signal generator 信号产生器 SLCTD selected 选择 SLCTR selector 选择器 SOV shut off valve 关断阀 SP speed 速度 SPD speed 速度

SPD BK speed brake 速煞 SQL squelch 压扁

SSB single side band STA station 驻地(各种机构的)站,所, STAB stabilizer 安定装置;安定翼 STBY standby 备用

STS system status 系统状况 SURF surface 表面 SW switch 开关

SWITCH IN switch input error SYNC synchronous 同步的 SYS system 系统 SYST system 系统 T T/R thrust reverser 反推力器 T.O.takeoff 起飞

TACH tachometer 转速计 TAI thermal热的anti-ice TAS true airspeed 真空速

TAT total air temperature 总温

TCC turbine case cooling 涡轮(机)冷却 TE trailing edge 後缘(飞机的)襟翼,阻力板 TEMP temperature 温度,气温 TFR transfer 转换 THR thrust 推力

THROT throttle 节流阀 THRSH threshold 门槛 THRT thrust 推力

THRU through 穿过;通过 遍及,在...各处;在...之间,在...之中 TIE bus tie系,拴,捆,扎 汇流排联系 TLA thrust lever angle 推力杆角度

TMC thrust management computer 推力管理电脑 TMS thrust management system 推力管理系统 TMSP thrust mode select panel 推力选择面板 TO TO/takeoff 起飞

TOL tolerance 【机】公差,容限

TR transＦＯＲＭer【电】变压器 rectifier【电】整流器 TRP thrust rating panel 推力等级面板 TUNE tuner(频率))调整器;【无】调谐器 TURB turbine 涡轮(机)TURBL turbulent, turbulence【气】湍流;(气体等的)紊流 U UBR utility有多种用途的;通用的bus relay 汇流排继电器 UPR upper USB upper side band 【机】传送带(无线电的)波段,频带 V V/NAV vertical navigation 【经】纵向联合的 导航 V/S vertical speed 垂直的速率 VERT vertical 垂直的

VERT SPD vertical speed 垂直的速率 VFY verify 验证 VG vertical gyro 垂直回转仪罗盘

VHF very high frequency 超高频无线电 VIB vibration 震动

VLD valid 合法的;有效的 VLV valve 【机】阀,活门 VOL volume 量;额

VOLT voltage 电压;伏特数

VOR VHF omni range receiver 方向无线识标 VOX voice 声音

VTR video tape reproducer(录音,录影的)播放装置 W W/D wiring线路diagram图解 W/W wheel well 轮舱 WARN warning 警告;警报 WG wing 机翼

WHL wheel 轮子;变换方向 WHLS wheels 车轮 WPT waypoint 位子点

WSHLD windshield 挡风玻璃 WX weather 天气

WXR weather 气象雷达 X X-CH cross channel 交叉频道 X-CHAN cross channel 交叉频道 XDCR transducer 变换器 XMISSION transmission 传送 XMIT transmit 发射

XMTR transmitter 发射机 XPNDR transponder 询答机 Y Y/D yaw damper 阻尼器

Air Glossary（航空缩略语）

A AACAir Accident Investigation Branch of the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions.aaeabove aerodrome level.Also see aae.ab initioan aircraft is abeam a point when that point is at ninety degrees left or right of the aircraft”s track, but term usually used to indicate a general position rather than a specific point.a/cAircraft Communication Adressing and Reporting System.ACArea Control Centre.And ACZ Aerodrome Control Zone.See ATZ below.ACMSaerodrome control radar.accelerate-stop distanceaerodrome.ADAdvisory aispaceair data computer.ADELTautomatic direction finder/finding.Radio compass which gives a relative bearing to the non-directional radio beacon to which it is tuned.ADIAir Defence Identification Zone.An area of airspace extending upwards from the surface, usually along a national boundary, within which identification of all aircraft is required in the interests of national security.ADRAutomatic Dependence Surveillance.ADTAerodromes Environmental Federation.AEWUK-published flight guide and navigational chart system.aerodrome/airport elevationair force base, usually U.S.or Canadian.AFCSAutopilot and flight director system.AFIAerodrome Flight InＦＯＲＭation Service, providing inＦＯＲＭation to, but not control of, aircraft using that aerodrome.AFIS(O)-Aerodrome Flight InＦＯＲＭation Service(Officer)

AFSAeronautical Fixed Serviceauto flight system.AFTNair-to-ground operator

A/Gabove ground level.AHRSarea of intense aerial activity, usually military.AICAirborne integrated data system.AIPＦＯＲＭ for reporting position and Met conditions in flight.AirmetAeronautical InＦＯＲＭation Service.CAA unit based at London-Heathrow Airport, providing flight-planning services and inＦＯＲＭation for pilots.Publishes AICs, above.AIZalert phase of search-and-rescue procedure.altaerodrome specified on a flight plan to which an aircraft chooses to divert if a landing at its intended destination is not possible(for reasons of poor weather, for example).altimeter settingAmplitude modulation.AMEabove mean sea level(sometimes asl in USA).anhedralAir Navigation Order.Statutory legal instrument defining the laws of air navigation, pilot licensing etc, in the UK.Other aviation legislation includes the Rules of the Air and Air Traffic regulations and the Air Navigation(General)Regulations

AoAAirport Operators“ Association.AOCairport of entry(usually in USA).AOGAircraft Owners and Pilots Association.A/PAirframe and Powerplant Mechanic(USA).APAAircraft Proximity Hazards Assessment Panel, which investigates near-miss reports filed by air traffic controllers(see also JAWG).APPauxiliary power unit.Large transport aircraft and some business jets have an APU, typically a small turbine, to provide power for engine-starting and for running systems when on the ground, obviating the need for external power or ground power unit, GPU.ARBaircraft radio control of aerodrome lighting.ArestiAeronautical Radio Incorporated.A non-profit corporation owned by airlines to set standards for airline avionics and provide communications services.ARPblades can flap, drag and feather.ARVaccelerate-stop distance available.ASIaltimeter setting region, a geographical area for which the lowest value of QNH is forecast hourly and relayed by air traffic control centres.Also airport surveillance radar and air-sea rescue.ASTOVLactual time of arrival.Also Air Training Association.ATCair traffic control assistant

ATC(C)air traffic control officer..ATISAir Transport Pilot”s Licence, needed to act as pilot-in-command of a commercial air transport aircraft exceeding 20,000 kg all-up weight.ATOair traffic service.Also ATSU, ATS Unit.ATSORAair traffic control unit.ATZall-up weight, a term for the total loaded weight of an aircraft, made up of empty weight plus useful load;maximum auw is the maximum allowable weight, including fuel and payload, specified in an aircraft“s Certificate of Airworthiness.Sometimes referred to(in USA especially)as gross weight and maximum gross weight respectively.Also MTWA, maximum total weight authorised;BOW Basic operating weight, the weight of an aircraft with all equipment, lubricants, fuel and operating crew, but without payload;MLW, maximum landing weight, above which fuel must be burned off or jettisoned before landing or there may be risk of structural damage.avgasaviation turbine fuel(kerosene).Used by turboprops and jets.AWRairway.B BABritish Airports Authority.BAeABritish Airline Pilots Association.base legBusiness Aircraft Users Association.BCARbreak cloud procedure.BCPLmanually-controlled mode for CS propellers on turboprop aircraft enabling reverse pitch to be selected for braking or to aid ground manoeuvring.BFRBritish Gliding Association.BHABbrake horsepower.BHPAHot compressed air taken from turbine engines.BMAALoose-leaf Euopean airfields manual for VFR operations.BRGBritish Women Pilots Association.C CCivil Aviation Authority.CAD/CAMCivil Aviation Authority Flying Unit, based at Stansted Airport, which perＦＯＲＭs such tasks as navaid checking and calibration and also examines candidates for instrument ratings and commercial pilot”s licences.CANPCivil Air Publication.InＦＯＲＭation booklets issued by the CAA, e.g.CAP 53 The Private Pilot Licence.CAScasualty evacuation.CATpronounced CAV-okay(ceiling and visibility OK), visibility at least ten kilometres, with no cloud below 5,000 feet, with no Cbs, precipitation, thunderstorms, shallow fog or low drifting snow.CAVUCombined Cadet Force

CDIcontrol display unit.ceilingchief flying instructor(certified flying instructor in USA).CFScentre of gravity

CHa thorough pre-flight inspectionConfidential Human Factors Incident Reporting system, whereby professional pilots and ATC staff may report in confidence incidents arising from human errors for analysis by the CHIRP Charitable Trust at Farnborough.CHTpattern around which aircraft fly when arriving at an airfield, usually rectangular in UK but not necessarily elsewhere.The circuit(known as the pattern in USA)is aligned with the active runway and may be either left-or right-handed.Dead side is the opposite side of the circuit pattern in operation from which arriving aircraft join for landing.See also final(s).C/Lcolloquialism referring to an airport closed to air traffic by bad weather

cleanauthorization from air traffic control to proceed as requested or instructed.Used for ground and air manoeuvring, thus “cleared for take-off”, “cleared flight-planned route”, “cleared to descend” etc.CloudsCertificate of Airworthiness issued by the CAA indicating that an aircraft meets the Authority“s airworthiness standards.Cs of A are issued to individual aircraft, and also to generic aircraft types(Type Certification in the USA)when the first example of a type is registered.Cs of A on individual aircraft are granted in several categories, e.g.Private, Public Transport, Aerial Work etc.and much be renewed at intervals.Permits to Fly are authorisations granted to specialist aircraft and are accordingly restricted in the kinds of operation for which they may be used.C of Ecentre of gravity.The point on an aircraft through which the entire aircraft”s weight may be assumed to act(i.e.around which the aircraft, if suspended, would balance).C of G limits are the most forward and rearward positions of the C of G permitted for safe operation.An aircraft loaded outside its C of G limits can be difficult or impossible to control.C of Pcommunication(s)

CPLcounter-rotating.Usually in general aviation referring to twin-engined aircraft with “handed” engines whose propellers turn in opposite directions to eliminate propeller torque effect.CRMportion of an aerodrome circuit flown before downwind

CRPcathode ray tube(like a television).Used in flight deck displays of new-generation airliners, business aircraft and military jets instead of conventional instruments.See also EFIS,.critical altitudethe engine on a multi-engined aircraft whose failure would most seriously effect perＦＯＲＭance or handling of the aircraft, through asymmetric effects or loss of power to systems such as hydraulics.CRS coursecall sign.CSControl Area.An area of controlled airspace extending upwards from specified limit agl.CTRcockpit voice recorder.A tape recorder installed on the flight decks of commercial transport aircraft and helicopters and some business aeroplanes to record crew conversation, RT transmissions and cockpit background noises(e.g.trim-wheel operation, flap motor running)in case required for incident or accident investigation.CWcolour weather radar.CZcompressor zone inspection.D DADanger Area Activity InＦＯＲＭation Service.DACSDigital air data computer(DADSDistress & Diversion Cells at Air Traffic Control Centres.RAF units which provide a 24-hour listening watch on VHF and UHF emergency frequencies and can locate and assist pilots who are lost or in emergency situations.dBa unit of sound

DCdirect

dead sidedescent and landing with engine(s)shut down and propeller(s)stopped.Deccadigital electronic engine control

density altitudeengine“s potential power deliberately limited, lengthening likely life.DETRESFAdirection-finding.A DF bearing can be provided by airfields or other facilities such as D & D cells(above)having suitable direction-finding equipment to locate an aircraft.DGDirection Général à l”Aviation Civile

DHUK Defence Helicopter Flying School at RAF Shawbury

DIDIsloping up from root to tip.Opposite: anhedral.DIN(S)distance-measuring equipment.A combination of ground and airborne equipment which gives a continuous slant range distance-from-station readout by measuring time-lapse of a signal transmitted by the aircraft to the station and responded back.DMEs can also provide groundspeed and time-to-station readouts by differentiation.DopplerDepartment of Transport.downwinddew point

DRwhen referring to aircraft hire charges means “without fuel”, as opposed to wet, with fuel.DZExperimental Aircraft Association, the American homebuilders“ organisation.EADIequivalent airspeed.EATEuropean Business Aircraft Association.ECACEuropean Council of General Aviation Support.ECUemergency distance.EETelectronic flash approach light system.EFATOelectronic flight instrument system, in which multi-function CRT displays replace traditional instruments for providing flight, navigation and aircraft systems inＦＯＲＭation, ＦＯＲＭing a so-called ”glass cockpit“.Now common in commercial transports, corporate aircraft and helicopters, military fighters and some GA piston singles and twins.EGTelectronic horizontal situation indicator.CRT-based HSI ＦＯＲＭing part of an EFIS.EICASengine in-flight monitoring system ELTweight of the basic aeroplane including all fixed equipment, plus unusable fuel, oil, hydraulic and other fluids.encoding altimeterestimated off-blocks time.EPeffective perceived noise decibel.Unit of measurement of aircraft noise levels.ERequivalent shaft horsepower.ETAestimated time of departure

ETEextended-range twin operations, usually long over-water flights by airliners.ETPSorganisation, headquartered in The Netherlands, comprising Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands and UK for coordinating en route air traffic control in Europe.F FAAFleet Air Arm, of UK”s Royal Navy.FADECfinal approach fix, the point at which a published instrument approach begins.FAIFederal Aviation Regulations(USA).FARAfly by light i.e.control via optical fibres

FBOfly-by-wire.Aircraft control systems in which pilots“ control inputs are transmitted to control surfaces electronically or via fibre optics rather than by mechanical linkage.Also see FBL.FCLflight control system.fcstflight data recorder, popularly known as a ”black box“(actually painted bright orange), by which various parameters of an aircraft”s flight perＦＯＲＭance are recorded for analysis in the event of an incident or accident.featherto set the angle of CS or VP propeller edge-on to the airflow to minimise drag and rotation following engine failure on multi-engined aircraft.Also applies to motor gliders which have feathering propellers to enhance engine-off soaring perＦＯＲＭance.final(s)Flight InＦＯＲＭation Centre.FIRFlight InＦＯＲＭation Service, providing a variety of services and inＦＯＲＭation(but not control)to air traffic in the two FIRs above.FJflight level, a level of constant atmospheric pressure shown by an altimeter set to a standard 1013.2 millibars, expressed in rounds hundreds of feet, thus FL330 is 33,000 feet.flagthrottling or other restriction of engine power ouput(usually in turboprops and turboshafts)at sea level to enable it to give constant predictable power at higher operating altitudes.flameoutflashing.flicker effectforward-looking infra-red.FLMfoot-launched powered aircraft, e.g.powered parachutes.FMflight management computer/system

FMGCflight management system.FMUforeign object damage, usually to turbine engines through ingestion of runway debris etc.FPLfeet per minute, a measure of an aircraft“s rate of climb or descent.Similarly m/s or mps, metres per second.FSSflying training organisation.FTSfeet per minute G gg-induced loss of consciousness.Pilot blackouts caused by excessive g or by too-rapid onset of g-forces.Experienced mostly by pilots of high-perＦＯＲＭance military jets and competition aerobatic aircraft, has led to fatal crashes.GAGeneral Aviation Awareness Campaign.GAFORgallons, imperial or USA.One imp gall = 1.201 U.S.gall.GAMAGeneral Aviation Manufacturers & Traders Association, UK.GAPANGeneral Aviation Safety Council

GASILground-controlled approach.A landing approach in which a ground controller gives verbal guidance in azimuth and elevation to a pilot using precision approach radar(PAR)to monitor the aircraft”s approach path.Still used by the military, but defunct in civil aviation.GFTRussian equivalent of GPS/Navstar satellite navigation system.gloveground

GNSSVHF direction-finding(France)

GPgallons per hour, an expression of fuel consumption or fuel flow(FF)in either imperial or U.S.gallons.Usually lb/hr for turbine-powered aircraft.GPSground proximity warning system.A radar-based flight-deck system to give pilots audible warning by means of horns, hooters, taped or synthetic voices of terrain close beneath an aircraft“s flight path.GRADUglassfibre-reinforced plastic;also CFRP, carbon-fibre reinforced plastic.Composite materials seeing increasing use in entire airframes for GA aircraft(e.g.Beech Starship)and for components for helicopters, airliners and military aircraft.GSgroundspeed.The speed an aircraft makes over the ground, a product of its airspeed and wind speed.H H24Historic Aircraft Association.HAI1:500,000 scale ICAO aeronautical chart.Hdgsuffix used in RT callsigns to indicate that the aircraft is a large transport, alerting controllers and following aircraft to the possibility of wake turbulence.Hectopascal(hPa)helicopter emergency medical services.Hertzhigh-frequency band, used for long-range radio communications in the 3-30 MHz range.Hghigh intensity approach lighting.HIGEhigh intensity radiated(electromagnetic)fields.HIRLhigh intensity strobe light.holding patternhands on cyclic and collectivehover out of ground effect.Also see HIGE.hot-and-highhands on throttle and stick.Ergonomic cockpit design technology, originally developed for military combat aircraft, enabling a pilot to fly the aircraft and manage all navigation, weapons and other systems from control column/throttle lever hand grips.HOTCCsee HOTAS above.hpHighlands Restricted Area

hrshorizontal situation display.HSIhead-up display.A method of projecting instrument readouts or data which enables a pilot to see them while looking through the aircraft”s windscreen.Mostly used on military aircraft, but now in service on some commercial airliners.HzInternational Council of Aircraft Owners and Pilots Associations

IASInternational Air Transport Association.i/cInternational Civil Aviation Organisation.IFidentification friend or foe.IFRin ground effect.Helicopter perＦＯＲＭance with an earth surface immediately below.Also OGE, out of ground effect.Helicopters can hover at a greater maximum altitude IGE(above a mountain slope, for example)than they can in free air, OGE.IGSinstrument landing system.The approach aid employing two radio beams to provide pilots with vertical and horizontal guidance during the landing approach.The localiser provides azimuth guidance, while the glide-slope defines the correct vertical descent profile.Marker beacons and high intensity runways lights are also part of the ILS.IMCuncertainty phase of search-and-rescue procedure.INSintermittent or fluctuating, term used in Met reports.IRInspect and repair as necessary

IREInstrument Rating Test ISAinter-turbine temperature.Also TGT, turbine gas temperature TIT, turbine inlet temperature.IWRJoint Aviation Authority.JARJoint Airmiss Working Group.A civilian/military committee which reviews and reports on all airmisses which occur in UK airspace.JEFTSU.S.-developed navigational/approach chart system with worldwide coverage, similar to British Aerad system.JPATSkilogram(s)kHzknots indicated airspeed.kmone nautical mile per hour(never one knot per hour), the standard unit of aviation speed measurement.One knot equals 1.1515 mph;one nautical mile equals 6,080 feet.kV-kilovolt kWLower Airspace Radar Advisory service, available to all aircraft flying in uncontrolled UK airspace from 3,000 feet amsl to FL95.See also MMARS, RAS and RIS, below.LAMSlatitude.LATCCpound(s)

lbfliquid crystal display

lcztlift /drag ratio, a measurement of the efficiency of a wing aerofoil section

LDAlight emitting diode

LFlow-intensity two-colour approach system.LLTVlocalizer((USA).LOCmedium-frequency non-directional radio beacon used as an aid to establishing yourself on final approach during an instrument landing procedure..LOFTLocator outer marker

lon(g)low-frequency hyperbolic radio long-range navigation system which measures time difference between reception of synchronised signals transmitted from ground transmitters.Loran-C, operates in the 100-110 kHz frequency band with an operating range of 600-1,500 nm independent of line-of-sight, and is becoming very popular among GA aircraft operators in the USA.M M or magratio of true airspeed to the speed of sound.Mach 1 is the speed of sound at sea level, ISA, approximately 1,100 feet per second or 760 mph.MAPpart of an instrument landing system using 75 MHz transmitters emitting fan-shaped or elliptical signal patterns vertically upwards, defining specific points along the glideslope.The outer marker OM is situated at or near the glideslope intercept altitude of the ILS localiser, the middle marker(MM)defines a point on the glideslope at or near decision height(DH).Markers provide aural and visual indications on a cockpit marker beacon receiver.MATZinternational radio distress call(from the French, m“aidez--help me).It signifies imminent danger to life requiring immediate assistance.mbMulti-crew co-operation

MCUminimum descent altitude.The lowest altitude, in feet amsl, to which descent is authorised on final approach during a non-precision instrument landing(i.e.where no glideslope guidance is given)without visual reference to the runway.MDHmilitary emergency diversion airfield.medevacmeteorology, weather.METARmedium frequency.Radio waves with frequencies in the 300-3,000 kHz range.MFAmulti-function display.An EFIS CRT offering selectable displays of weather radar, navigation maps, checklists and data other than primary flight inＦＯＲＭation.MHMegahertz, the frequency of radio carrier waves measured in millions of cycles per second.minimumsmicrowave landing system.A microwave-based instrument approach system intended to replace ILS in the 1990s and claimed to offer a number of advantages such as the ability to fly segmented and curved precision approaches.MLWmillimetre”s

MMARSmilitary operations area.MoDmodification to an aircraft or equipment

mogasman-powered aircraft

mphmajor periodic inspection

MSAmean sea level

MTBFmilitary terminal control area.MTOWmaximum total weight authorised.N

NASNational Air Traffic Services.A division of the CAA providing UK air traffic control.Navnavigation aid.Nav/ComNational Business Aircraft Association, USA.NDBnavigation flight test

nmnap of earth.Low flying, usually by the military, using contour-flying techniques and terrain-masking to avoid being seen.NORDOno significant change, term used on Met reports.NOTAMno tail rotor.A system patented by McDonnell Douglas for maintaining directional control of helicopters without use of an anti-torque tail rotor.NPRMNational Transportation Safety Board.U.S.equivalent of UK“s AAIB.nvgNational Vocational Qualification.A Government-recognised qualification, the cost of training for which can be set against tax.O OASCoutside air temperature.The temperature of the air outside an aircraft measured by a probe with a cockpit gauge readout.OAT affects the measurement of indicated airspeed and its value is needed to calculate true airspeed.At high speeds kinetic heating demands correction to the indicated OAT for true outside air temperature.OATSobstruction.OBSobstacle clearance height.The lowest height above the elevation of the runway threshold or above aerodrome elevation used to establish compliance with obstacle clearance criteria in an instrument approach.Also OCA, obstacle clearance altitude, and OCL, obstacle clearance limit.OCUOne engine inoperative

OEMOut of ground effect

oktahigh accuracy, very-low frequency(VLF)long-range navigation system of the hyperbolic type, covering the entire earth down to the surface from eight ground-based transmitters.Used principally by airliners, military aircraft and intercontinental business aircraft.opson request.o/tOperational Training Unit.P

P1co-pilot

Panprecision approach path indicator, a system of coloured lights installed at the approach end of a runway which provides visual guidance to the correct glidepath.A successor to VASI, below.PARpassengers.PEDAuthorisation granted to aircraft such as homebuilds, vintage aeroplanes, warbirds and some simple ”classic“ light aircraft which are not required to meet the standards demanded for a full C of A, and are accordingly restricted in the kinds of operation for which they may be used.PFPopular Flying Association, the UK homebuilt and antique aircraft organisation.PFDpowered hang-glider

PICPilots InＦＯＲＭation Guide

pinch-hitterPipeline Inspection Notification System.PIOflight-plan.PMSPilot not flying.The ”non-handling“ pilot in multi-crew operation

PNR(number of)persons on board.Also SOB, souls on board.POCpilot”s operating handbook, an aircraft“s ”owner“s manual”.Pooley“spowered paraglider.PPLPrivate Pilot”s Licence for helicopters，PPL(SLMG)prior permission only.Certain airfields or events require advance notification(by telephone, for example)of your intended arrival.PROBmanoeuvre which reverses the direction of an aircraft“s flight during an instrument approach procedure to enable it to intercept the final approach course.PPRpounds per square inch, a measurement of pressure.PTTspecial temporary airways created for flights by certain members of the royal family, notified by NOTAM.Q QFIQualified helicopter instructor.Quadrantal Rule1:250,000 scale ICAO aeronautical chart

Q-codeRules of the Air and Air Traffic Services section of the AIP

rabbit lightsRoyal Aeronautical Society

RAFmaximum permissible weight of an aircraft, which exceeds maximum take-off weight by an allowance for fuel burned during engine-start and taxi.RAPIDrectified airspeed.Indicated airspeed corrected for instrument position error.RAS(2)add-on qualification to a pilot”s licence, e.g.Night Rating, Multi-engine Rating, Instrument Rating, Seaplane Rating etc.Individual Type Ratings are necessary to fly aircraft over 12,500 pounds MTWA.RCLrelative bearing indicator, displaying inＦＯＲＭation from the ADF.RDORadar InＦＯＲＭation Service.Provided to notify pilots of conflicting traffic outside regulated airspace, but offering no avoiding action.RMIremark(s).RMUarea navigation.A system of radio navigation which permits direct point-to-point off-airways navigation by means of an on-board computer creating phantom VOR/DME transmitters termed waypoints.RONinner end of wing where it meets fuselage.rpmradio telephony.Voice communications, as opposed to WT, wireless telegraphy

RTFrunway visual range, a horizontal measurement of visibility along a runway.rwyreceiver.S SACPsearch-and-rescue.Also Sarsat, SAR satellite.SASsenior air traffic control officer

satcomsService Bulletin.Advisory notices issued by aircraft, engine and equipment manufacturers alerting owners and engineers to faults or problems requiring preventitive or remedial maintenance or modification.Often termed “mandatory”, but do not have the legal force of Airworthiness Directives(which see).SBACSafety Data Analysis Unit of the CAA.“second pilot”(U.S.)VFR navigation chart, equivalent to our 1:500,000 or “half-million”.Semi-circularselective calling.A high-frequency system enabling air traffic control to alert a particular aircraft, by means of flashing light or aural signal in the cockpit, for receipt of a message without the crew having to maintain a listening watch.Used on long-haul over-ocean airline routes and by intercontinental bizjets.sfcradio call made from aircraft calling later than final position, or on final approach from a shortened circuit, or at 2nm from threshold on a straight-in approach.shpstandard instrument departure.A standard IFR departure route enabling air traffic controllers to issue abbreviated clearances and thus speed the flow of traffic.SIGMETsea level.SLAself-launching motor glider

篇5：航空维修保障对机务人员的挑战

航空机务维修工具的显色寻找和高效管理

Aviation Aircraft Maintenance Tools To Find And Efficient Management Of Chromogenic

班 级：100241114 专 业：信息与计算科学 学生姓名：李 娜 学 院：理学院

2013年 5月

航空机务维修工具的显色寻找和高效管理

李 娜

摘 要：现在航空公司不断扩大规模，不断引进新机型，工具数量日益增多，品种日趋繁杂，机务维修工具遗失后难以快速寻找以及工具借出、归还、识别等过程程序繁琐效率低的问题，提出了以下三种解决方案。首先，针对维修工具遗失如何快速寻找问题，我们提出为维修工具局部着色的想法，要求所着颜色醒目易识别且着色层抗腐蚀不易脱落。该方案成本低，可操作性强，易于推广使用。其次，为高效管理维修工具，避免借还工具中繁琐的人工登记过程，以及杜绝工作人员因工具丢失而上交同样规格替代品的现象，提出了激光标刻与二维条码相结合的维修工具直接标识方法，为维修工具建立一个信息库，实现了条码识别设备和维修工具管理系统的集成，从而实现维修工具的高效数字信息自动化管理。此外，为防止条形码磨损划伤而造成的条形码无法识别以及纸质条码容易脱落的问题，我们还提出了用激光直接在工具表面标刻代码的方案，利用专用条码识别工具，实现利用标刻代码来获取工具的相关信息，提高工具管理效率。期望通过此研究可以解决目前航空维修工具管理的问题。关键字：激光标刻 条形码识别 代码识别 工具着色 航空维修工具管理

Aviation Aircraft Maintenance Tools To Find And Efficient Management Of Chromogenic

Summary：Airlines are now expanding the scale, the introduction of new models, tools, increasing number of varieties are becoming more complex, aircraft maintenance tools as well as after the loss is difficult to quickly find tools lend, restitution, recognition process cumbersome problem of low efficiency program, made the following three solutions.First, for the loss of how to quickly repair tools to identify the problems, we propose to repair tools tint idea requires that the eye-catching colors easily identifiable and easy to fall off the colored layer corrosion.The program of low cost, easy to operate, easy to promote the use of.Secondly, for the efficient management and maintenance tools, to avoid borrowing and tools tedious manual registration process and to prevent loss of staff due to tool and handed the same specifications as substitutes phenomenon, a two-dimensional bar code laser marking with a combination of maintenance tools direct identification method for the establishment of an information database maintenance tools to achieve a bar code identification equipment and maintenance tools to manage systems integration, maintenance tools in order to achieve an efficient automated management of digital information.Moreover, to prevent scratches caused by wear and tear bar code is not recognized, and easy to fall off the paper, we also raised directly on the tool surface with a laser marking code program, using a dedicated bar code recognition tools to achieve the use of marking codes to obtain information about the tools to improve management efficiency tool.This research can be expected to solve the current problem of aviation maintenance management tool.Keywords: Laser Marking Bar Code Recognition Code Identifies Tools Coloring Aviation Maintenance Tool Management

目 录

引言 „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1 第1章 机务维修工具管理现状„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2 1.1 利用标识管理工具 „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2 1.2 基于RFID的机务维修工具管理„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 1.3 基于条形码的机务维修工具管理„„„„„„„„„„„„„3 第2章 工具的着色和激光标刻条形码及代码„„„„„„„„„„„5 2.1 工具的着色„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5 2.2 条形码 „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5 2.2.1工具信息编码„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5 2.2.2激光标刻 „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6 2.2.3条码识别„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6 2.3 代码的制定„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„7 结论 „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8 参考文献 „„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„9

民航信息系统概论 论文

引 言

在现代民航系统中，工具的管理是否科学，在很大程度上决定了航空维修的可靠性与工作效率的高低。同时，工具设备的管理是航空维修工作正常进行的物质先决条件，是航空安全的重要保证。可以说，对工具、设备管理和应用的能力是体现现代航空维修企业维修水平的一个重要标志。

众所周知，工具对于机务维修是不可或缺的。就维修飞机而言，需要借助到各种工具，仅拆卸螺钉的螺丝刀头就有几十种之多，其他诸如扳手、套筒、剪钳、鱼口钳等工具也是种类繁多，更别提一些仅用于某项特殊工作的特种工具设备了。在这些工具中，最小的工具如开口销，一旦掉在某个接缝处或者卡槽里，不仔细看根本难以发现。工具丢失绝不是重新换一个工具这样简单的事，更不能持有丢了就丢了的无所谓的态度，对于飞机安全而言，丢失工具是对于飞机安全性的一种潜在威胁。当工具遗失在飞机上而不知就放行飞机，会造成飞机带外来物飞行的严重差错，而当该遗失工具对飞机安全造成影响的时候，其后果就可想而知。所以，机务维修工具的寻找显得尤为重要，给金属染色可以解决工具的易于识别问题。这其中涉及染色剂的选取及染色的方法和条件等工艺技术问题。力求通过实验，解决染色剂耐磨损、抗氧化、抗油污、易着色等特性。

民航信息系统概论 论文

第一章 工具管理现状

随着我国民航事业的不断发展，各航空公司的机队规模不断扩大，所需维修工具的品种和数量也日益增多．这就使维修工具的使用、管理面临很多新的问题，而这些问题时刻威胁着民航的安全．其中问题集中体现在工具设备出借和归还效率低，所需工具设备的分类归位、查找都需人工完成，耗时耗力且受人为因素影响巨大．随着现代民航飞机所需维修工具种类的增多，仅仅依靠人工管理费时费力且受人为因素影响巨大．如何提高工具设备管理的现代化水平，是我国民航机务维修系统急需要解决的一个难题。

1.1利用标识管理工具

目前，国内已经有利用标识来识别管理机务维修工具的方法，其主要是在工具表面用模子或手工刻上标识。这种方法能解决机务之间互借工具归还时用其它工具顶替的问题，也相应的增加了飞机的安全系数，但是上述方法无论是标刻还是识别工作效率低下，不符合民航维修科技发展的需求。目前，常用的信息采集与标识技术手段包括条码技术、射频技术和直接标识技术。射频识别(RFID)技术在生产领域的典型应用是跟踪生产装配过程。RFID技术用于刀具的识别也有一些文献报道，有的应用E5550射频卡识别工具，有的提出了数控加工中工具RFID技术的实现方法，然而RFID用于工具的标识有很大的局限性。首先，对于小尺寸的工具来说，要选择合适的电子标签，并将其嵌入到刀具中是非常困难的；其次，电子标签被嵌入工具之后，可能会改变维修工具的物理参数。直接标识(DPM)技术是近年来国外的重要研究方向。DPM 指直接在物体表面标识机器可识别的代码。90年代末以来，美国航空航天局、国防部与工业界(如波音、空客、AIM 等)一起研究和试验零件直接标识方法。经过五年多的努力，最终选定点撞击、电化学标识、直接激光标刻、墨水喷射等作为零件的主要标识方法，DPM 技术正在全球包括汽车、电子、航空航天等领域的许多企业如波音、空客、劳斯莱斯、通用电气综合国内外标识技术的研究，本文提出采用直接激光标刻和条码技术实现工具的直接标识，实现维修工具生产加工过程的信息采集和信息追踪。

民航信息系统概论 论文

修工具合理的着色，就像给工具穿上了一层“华丽外衣”，这在全国乃至全世界都是首创，这样在黑暗等不利的条件下就能方便维修人员收回及寻找工具，能有效避免维修工具落在飞机上而久久找不到的情况。将维修工具打上唯一的条形码，从而代替如今的模子刻印法，能够极大地缩减生产成本，并且在工具性能上还有所提高。而且条形码就像是维修工具的 “身份证”，能实现对数量巨大，种类繁多的工具进行高效管理，对频繁的出入库操作进行简化，对使用中的工具进行追踪，从而能从源头上避免了维修工具丢了而找其他相同工具替代的现象，避免工具使用出现混乱。

民航信息系统概论 论文

第二章 工具的着色和激光标刻条形码及代码

2.1工具的着色

（1）使用颜色醒目的涂料。根据民航常识可知黑匣子并不是黑色而是橘红色，即橘红色是在恶劣环境下最醒目的颜色，那么就选定与黑匣子一样的颜色的橘红色涂料。

（2）研究耐腐蚀耐高温的涂料。由于机务维修环境的特殊性，不可避免有油污等有机物，这就可能造成工具涂层被腐蚀的问题。为解决工具使用过程中颜色涂层可能会被油污等有机物以及氧腐蚀、以及在高温下性质发生变化、性能下降的问题。首先，要先探测现阶段各种耐高温耐腐蚀涂料的性能，先选定性能符合的涂料。然后，对于不同的涂料，进行耐腐涂料防腐能力的探究实验。根据表面观察法观测其在不同的温度、不同PH下在油污环境中涂层表面被腐蚀的程度。设定不同的温度、不同的PH、不同的油污下的实验，记录数据，根据实验做出表格，并画出变化曲线，进行对比，从而选出最耐腐蚀耐高温的涂料。

（3）寻找强吸附力的涂料,加强涂层的结合度，并进行物理强度实验。对于选定的涂料进行着色实验，对着色后的实验工具进行物理强度实验，即通过敲打、摩擦等方式，对工具漆层进行强度及结合度的实验，检验工具的着色后的结合度。设定不同的力，进行敲打，记录涂层脱落所需要的时间。记录数据，做出表格，画出图表。选定不同粗糙面的工具进行摩擦，记录涂层脱落所需时间，同样记录时间，做出表格，并画出表格。

（4）研究着色的方式。由于是在金属的表面着色，必然会有易脱落的问题存在，因此，要采用特殊的方法进行着色。可以选定用高温着色的方法，即用高温烤箱对涂层进行烘烤，设定不同的温度，研究温度对着色的影响，记录相应的数据，并做出表格及图表，从而寻找着色的最佳温度及最佳的着色时间。

2.2条形码

2.2.1工具信息编码

民航信息系统概论 论文

（1）明确条形码所应包含的信息量。根据航空维修工具所在的机型、工作岗位、工具箱、工具类型适当的编号，将所有的信息都保存在数据库内，以便由条形码识别系统来随时提取。条形码所表示的信息越多越能随时获得这些信息。但是条形码标签的尺寸随之增大，识读所需的处理时间也随之增加。因此，在应用条形码技术之前，必须合理地确定条形码所应包含的信息量。

（2）定义条形码的编码规则。一个完整的条形码是由两侧空白区、起始字符、数据字符、校验字符和终止字符以及供人识读字符组成。

（3）按用户所选择的码制。进行初始化编程，依次设定条形码码制，数据传输速率，条形码字符长度，定义奇偶校验位等。

（4）经过初始化编程。可将用户信息转换成相应的码制．再通过数据库查询把码字转换成对应的条空相问的符号字符。最后在计算机上将那些条空绘出，即生成了条形码图像。

（5）获取全部码字信息.当脉冲数字信息传送到译码器时，黑白色的分界点横坐标的差值就是条空的宽度，除以单位模块宽，即可得符号字符，获取全部码字信息。

（6）码字信息送入计算机系统.在数据库中查询码字一信息对照表。即可显示出该条形码的信息了 2.2.2激光标刻

2.2.2.1条形码标刻深度

实验研究工具表面条码的标刻方法，选定用激光标刻条形码。为防止条形码标刻深度对维修工具的物理性能的影响，通过刻制不同深度的条形码，研究不同深度对条形码识别以及工具物理性能的影响，试验最佳深度。根据所查资料显示，对应不同表面粗糙度的工具，激光标刻条码深度值范围为0．005 mm～O．012 mm。对于在此附近的深度进行分组试验，通过数据测试，数据分析图表处理，寻找最佳标刻深度。2.2.3条码识别

2.2.3.1用专门的条形码识别工具进行识别 2.2.3.2划伤对条形码的影响

民航信息系统概论 论文

在机务维修环境下，难免会发生摩擦划伤，为探测不同划伤程度对条形码识别的影响，通过在条码上制作不同深度，不同密度的划痕，模拟划伤试验，对条码划伤对识别可靠性的影响进行研究。用特殊的条形码识别系统进行检测，研究不同划伤程度对条形码识别的影响。2.2.3.3腐蚀对条形码的影响

由于激光标刻破坏了涂层的保护层，难免造成涂层性能的改变，对于激光标刻后的涂层进行腐蚀试验。把条形码放在不同温度，不同PH，不同油污环境下，在特定的时间段下，检测腐蚀的程度，并用识别系统检测，观察腐蚀对条形码的识别影响程度。对于不同环境下的腐蚀度影响，记录条形码的可识别度。根据实验，记录不同深度下划伤所呈现的识别度。2.2.3.4数据处理

当工具被扫描后，经过处理，能够被计算机识别。

2.3代码的制定

为防止条形码损坏所造成的工具不可识别的现象，在维修工具上标刻代码，使之与条形码相对应，若条形码损毁或者识别度降低的情况下，代码可以起辅助作用，通过手工输入代码来实现工具的识别。利用英文字母与阿拉伯数字的有效结合，依据公司不同机型、不同工作岗位、不同工具箱、不同的工具类型，设计一套条码序号编制规则，便于公司相关部门对工具的有效管理。

民航信息系统概论 论文

结 论

本文所讲到的机务维修工具遗失难寻找，借还工序繁琐效率低的难管理问题。经分析实践证明，通过给工具涂层着色可以改善工具遗失后难以寻找的问题。通过为工具用激光标刻条形码和代码的方法能够高质有效的实现工具管理工作，节省了时间，节约了成本，提高了竞争力，具有很好的应用前景。

民航信息系统概论 论文

参考文献

【1】谢家雨，何建。基于虚拟仪器的机器视觉技术在航空维修工具管理的应用研究。西南民族大学学报，第37卷第4期，自然学版，2011；

【2】黄己酉。基于单片机的条形码识别系统在仓储管理中的应用。《商场现代化》，2008年1 2月(下旬刊)总第561期；

【3】王苏安，何卫平，张维，吴振，刘福广，席守模。刀具直接标刻与识别技术研究。维普资讯，第13卷第6期，计算机集成制造系统，2007年6月；

【4】机务维修工具防遗失装置，百度文库ppt；