高职应用写作考试

2024-06-23

高职应用写作考试(精选6篇)

篇1:高职应用写作考试

1.She reached the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big rock by the side of the path.她到了山顶,停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。

2.The newcomers found it impossible to adapt themselves to the climate sufficiently to live in the country for a long time.刚来的人发现,不可能充分适应这里的气候并在这个国家长期居住。3.They could hardly keep themselves alive, let alone look after a wife and children.他们几乎都不能养活自己,更别提照顾老婆孩子了。4.My father seemed to be in no mood to look at my school report.我的父亲似乎没心情看我的学校成绩报告单。

5.Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he decided to sell them at half price.他决定与其让蔬菜烂掉,不如半价出售。6.这儿的电脑种类太多了,我很难决定买哪种。

There are so many kinds of computers on sale that I can’t decide which to buy.7.似乎除了他的妻子,大家都知道他的事故了。

Everyone seemed to have known about his accident except his wife.8.我宁愿出来找工作,也不愿天天在家呆着。

I would rather go out to look for a job instead of staying at home every day/ than stay at home every day.9.为了不丢掉工作,汤姆总是努力工作。Tom kept working hard so as not to lose his job.10.我们都没料到校长会出现在晚会上。

None of us expected the headmaster to turn up at the party.1.He was the first scientist to make an exploration of this river.他是第一个勘探这条河流的科学家。

2.Talking about private lives of other people is always a mistake.谈论别人的私生活总是错误的。

3.Your life changes dramatically when you have a baby.有了孩子,你的生活会产生戏剧化的变化。4.Don’t encourage her laziness by doing things for her.不要替她做事了,这会助长她的懒惰。

5.She is well aware of her strength and weakness as a singer.她很清楚自己作为一个歌手的长处与不足。6.信心是成功的关键。Confidence is the key to success.7.她被这则新颖的广告吸引住了。She was attracted by the new advertisement.8.这项重要决定将影响公司的未来。

This important decision will affect the company’s future.9.孩子们在争论看哪个电视节目。

The children were arguing about which TV program to watch.10. 我想你应该把这看成是一次机会而不是运气。

I think you should see it as a chance rather than luck.1.I stayed indoors too long to be aware how cold it was outside.我在屋里呆得太久,没有察觉到外面有多冷。2.You are right in a sense, but you don’t know all the facts.在某种意义上你是对的,但你不知道全部事实。3.I wonder whether you would mind doing me a favour.我想知道您是否介意帮我个忙。

4.Who will host the graduation ceremony is still unknown.还不知道谁来主持毕业典礼。

5.This kind of shirt is available in a wide variety of colors, 这种衬衫有各种各样的颜色可供选择。

6.我很可能会睡过头,因为我不习惯起得这么早。I shall probably oversleep as I am not used to getting up so early.7.环境造就个性。

Environment shapes personality.8.多亏了约翰的好心帮忙,我们提前完成了任务。Thanks to John’s kind help, we finished the task ahead of time.9.我想象不出他是什么长相。I can’t imagine what he looks like.10.众所周知,孩子是不准喝酒的。

As we all know, children are forbidden from drinking.1. The key element to a successful interview can be summed up in one word: attitude.面试成功的关键因素可以概括为一个词:态度。

2.There are famous worldwide delicious food, excellent daily specials and mouth-watering desserts.有世界著名的美食烹调、精美的每日特色菜和令人垂涎的点心。3.A number of influences, both natural and man-made, cause the earth’s temperature to vary.地球温度的变化是由许多自然因素和人为因素造成的。

4.It is still unusual to get a job without a face-to-face contact with your boss-to-be.未经与你未来的老板面对面的接触就得到一份工作,这依然是很罕见的。

5.In most stores, the signs that label each department make shopping a breeze.在大部分商店里,每个商品分类区都清楚地标示使购物成为一件轻松愉快的事情。

6.科学技术正在改变着我们的交流、学习和休闲方式。

Technology is changing the way we communicate, learn and spend our leisure time.7.昨天的大火使这家著名的旅馆几乎全部毁灭。

The famous hotel has been practically destroyed by the big fire yesterday.8.当然,对于任何有益的和可行的建议我们都将适当考虑。Of course, we will give proper consideration to any proposals that are helpful and feasible.9.一般地说,通过增加供给或减少需求可以降低物价。

In general, prices may be brought down by increasing supply of deceasing demand.10. 由于你方的报价有竞争力而且我们能接受,我们考虑大量的购买。

For your price is competitive and acceptable for us, we are considering to purchase in large quantities.1.It is reported that air pollution affects rivers and lakes indirectly because it causes acid rain.据报道,空气污染导致酸雨,因而对河流和湖泊造成间接影响。2.We are lucky to have the most up-to-date equipment in our laboratory, with which we can complete our research in time.很幸运,我们实验室拥有最先进的设备,可以用来及时完成研究任务。3.All of our four objectives of this trip have been fulfilled, which is more than I had expected.我们此行的四个目标均已达到,比我预期的要好。

4.You may use this computer, on condition that you are able to handle it probably so as not to damage it.只要你能正确地使用计算机,不损坏它,你就可以使用。5.I will give you a clear idea of the market conditions in the region as soon as possible.我将尽可能快地弄清楚该地区的市场销售情况。

6.为了安全,要求所有乘客仔细阅读本卡片各项内容,必要时参照其执行。

For safety, all passengers are required to read this card carefully and follow these instructions when necessary.7.彼得误解了老板对他的指示,向供货商发错了信息。

Peter misunderstood the instructions his boss gave him and mailed the wrong information to the supplier.8.如今人们有了更多的闲暇时间,因而对各种服务的需求增长得如此快。

People now have more leisure time, which is the reason why the demand for all kinds of services has increased so rapidly.9.搭乘专车前往机场的旅客,务必在下列指定的时间和地点乘车。Passengers going to the airport by arranged buses must take the bus at the time and place as shown below.10.还要有一位助手在记者们到达新闻发布会时通报他们的姓名。One more assistant will be required to check the reporters’ names when they arrive at the press conference.1.The more we do, the more we can do;the busier we are, the more leisure we have.我们做得越多,就越能做;越是忙碌,就越有闲暇。

2.Culture is to know the best that had been said and thought in the world.文化就是了解世界上最好的思想和语言。

3.He would rather give up his opportunity to study abroad than leave the research he has been at.他宁愿放弃到国外学习的机会也不愿离开他从事的研究。

4.It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.只有当我们看东西看不清楚时,我们才意识到我们的眼睛是多么地重要。

5.The comfort and convenience of supermarkets is another factor which makes them popular with consumers.超市舒适而且方便,这是其受消费者欢迎的另外一个因素。6.如果我是你,我就会尽最大的努力按时完成任务。If I were you, I would try my best to finish the task on time.7.我们一得出结论就通知你。

Once we draw the conclusion, we’ll inform you.8.我们还没来得及坐下,音乐会就开始了。No sooner had we sat down than the concert began.9.你最好戴太阳镜以防日晒。

You’d better wear sunglasses to protect yourself from sunshine.10.无论多忙,你都应该抽时间看望父母。No matter how busy you are, you should spend some time visiting your parents

1. The children’s ages range from 8 to 15.这些孩子们的年龄在8岁到15岁之间。

2.We should do something meaningful instead of just worrying about it here.我们应该做些有意义的事情,而不是只是在这里担心。3.Everything has two sides, the good one and the bad one.任何事物都有两面性,好的一面和坏的一面。

4.There is no doubt that the work of the searching for the lost boy will continue.毫无疑问,失踪男孩的搜寻工作还会继续下去。

5.It was not until she graduated from university that she began to leave her parents and live on her own.她直到大学毕业才开始离开父母独立生活。6.老板让所有工人都夜以继日地工作。The boss made all the workers word day and night.7.我刚才说的话是以事实为根据的。What I said just now is based on the fact.8.这家饭店非常重视服务质量的改善。

This restaurant attaches much importance to the service improvement.9.他们两个是双胞胎,但是没有任何地方相似。They are twin brothers, but they have nothing in common.10.人们都认为他是担任此项工作最适合的人选。

All the people consider that he is the most suitable man to do this work.1.By the end of 1990’s, she had been a famous scientist.到20世纪90年代,她已经是一名著名的科学家了。2.Nowadays young people are quite familiar with the Internet.如今,年轻人对因特网非常熟悉。

3.In spite of the hot weather, the soccer players kept on practicing.尽管天气炎热,足球运动员们仍继续训练。

4.He was late this morning, because he stayed up late last night.他今天早上迟到了,因为他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。5.It’s no use crying;you should learn a lesson from the accident.哭是没用的,你应该从事故中吸取教训。6.她把一生都献给了无家可归的孩子们。She devoted all her life to the homeless children.7.现在科学家们正尽全力防止河水污染。

Now scientists are trying their best to prevent the rivers from being polluted.8.老师对他的作文表示满意。

The teacher was satisfied with his composition.9.昨天的大雨使得许多飞机不能按时起飞。

The heavy rain yesterday prevented many planes form taking off on time.10.除了他我们考试都及格了。We all passed the examination except him.1.The development of national economy depends on science and technology to a great extent.国民经济的发展在很大程度上依赖于科技。

2.If you can provide satisfactory after-sale service, your products will surely have a wide market here.如果你们能提供令人满意的售后服务,你们的产品在这里一定会有广阔的市场。

3.I wish to express my thanks for being warmly received when I was visiting your firm.访问贵公司时受到热情招待,本人深表感谢。4.They had to give up the program for lack of funds.鉴于资金匮乏,他们不得不放弃该计划。

5.It is obvious that the education of the young is very important to the future of a country.显然,年轻人的教育对一个国家的未来是很重要的。6.医生建议父母应多花点儿时间陪陪孩子。

The doctor suggested that parents(should)spend more time with their children.7.现在越来越多的人使用信用卡购买他们需要的东西。

Nowadays more and more people use credit cards to buy things they need.8.尽管有一些困难,我们还是充满信心地继续进行试验。

In spite of some difficulties, we still carry on our experiment with confidence.9.不容否认,中国的经济正在迅速发展。

There is no denying that China’s economy is rapidly developing.10.我希望您能接受我们的邀请,并盼望在上海与您会晤。I hope you would accept our invitation, and look forward to meeting you in Shanghai.1.This book is divided into sixteen units that deal with topics of everyday conversation.这本书共分为16个单元,内容涉及日常生活会话。

2.There is little chance of our coming to business because of the big difference between our prices.由于你我双方的价格差异太大,成交(生意)的可能性很小。3.The modern world is experiencing rapid development of science and technology.当今世界的科学技术正飞速发展。

4.Advertising is an effective means of introducing a new product to the customers.广告是一种向顾客介绍新产品的行之有效的方式。

5.Not until the beginning of the twentieth century did the human beings learn to prevent the disease from spreading.直到20世纪初人们才学会怎样防止这种疾病的蔓延。6.现在年轻人在书籍上花的钱越来越多了。

Now young people spend more and more money on books.7.必须采取措施来解决这个城市的交通问题。

Measures must be taken to solve the transportation problem of the city.8.本公司经营茶叶已有数百年历史。

Our company has handled the tea business for hundreds of years.9.健康取决于良好的食物、清新的空气和充足的睡眠。Health depends on good food, fresh air and enough sleep.10.据报道,迄今为止,外国保险公司已打入中国19个城市。It’s reported that so far, foreign insurance companies have made their way into/ entered 19 cities in China.1.Compared with the same period last year, the price has dropped a lot.与去年同期相比,物价有较大的下跌。

2.Chinese government has always attached great importance to environment protection.中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。

3.The more you practice oral English, the better you can speak it, and this is “practice makes perfect” means.练习英语口语越多,你就讲得越好,这就是熟能生巧的意思。4.People often complain about the air pollution caused by the cars.人们常常抱怨汽车带来的空气污染问题。

5.I am writing to you about the possibility of working as an auto technician in your company.我写信给您是想知道我可否在贵公司聘任为汽车技术员(技师)一职。6.他们决定采取合法的行动来保护自己。

They have decided to take some legal actions to protect themselves.7.音乐在我们的生活中起着很大的作用。Music plays an important role in our life.8.由于缺少原材料,那间工厂将在月底停工。

For lack of raw materials, that factory will close down by the end of this month.9.许多公司正在想办法与顾客保持联系。

Many companies are thinking of ways to keep in touch with their customers.10.手机能使人们简单快捷地沟通。

Mobile phones enable people to communicate with one another easily and quickly.1.We’d like to cancel the order for the goods because of the change in the home market.由于国内市场的变化,我们想取消该批货物的订单。

2.Your products’ good quality and low prices make a great impression on us.你们的产品物美价廉,给我们留下了深刻的印象。

3.The library is open every day except Sunday from half past eight in the morning till five in the afternoon.除了星期日以外,图书馆每天上午8点半至下午5点开放。4.They put up many shops and restaurants to satisfy the needs of tourists.他们建了许多商店和饭店以满足游客们的需要。

5.If you give some attention to information on population and consumption, you would be more successful in selecting a market.如果你能注意一下有关人口与消费的信息,那你在选择市场上会更加成功。

6.越来越多的人意识到教育的重要性。

More and more people realize the importance of education.7.那家公司因其优质的产品和售后服务而享有很高的声誉。The company enjoys very high reputation because of its high quality products and after-sale services.8.据说他将负责销售工作。

It’s(was)said that he will(would)be in charge of the marketing work.9.只要你不断努力,你迟早会找到更有效的学习方法。

As long as you keep on trying, you will find the more effective study methods sooner or later.10.电子邮件使人们能够简单快捷地相互沟通。

Emails enable people to communicate with one another easily and quickly.1.When companies do business overseas, they come in contact with people form different cultures.公司在海外做生意时要与不同文化背景的人打交道。

2.If you are asked questions that seem to you too personal, you need not answer them.如果有人向你提出一些问题,而你觉得纯属私事,你就不必回答。3.The company is short of money and thinking about attracting foreign capital.公司缺少资金,正在想办法吸引外资。

4.It is unfair to think that goods from abroad must be better than those made at home.认为外国来的商品一定比国内生产的好,这是不公正的。

5.Only when you understand the importance of mastering English will you make every effort to learn it well.只有认识到掌握英语的重要性,你才会尽一切努力去把它学好。6.没有人知道谁应该对这起事故负责。

No one knows who should be responsible for the accident.7.如果贵方现在订货,我们可以给予10%的优惠。If you place an order now, we can give a discount of 10% 8.众所周知,网上购物越来越流行。

As is known to us all(As we all know), online shopping is becoming more and more popular.9.他的建议很实际,我们必须认真对待。

His proposal(advice/suggestion)is very practical, and(so)we must take it seriously.10.与去年同期相比,物价有了较大的上涨。

Compared with the same period last year, the price has increased a lot.1.That company enjoys a good reputation because of their high quality products and satisfactory after-sale service.那家公司因优质(高质量)的产品和令人满意的售后服务而享有良好的声誉。

2.In modern society people should pay more attention to interpersonal relationships.在现代社会人们应该更加关注人际关系。

3.Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources and have great potential for development.大多数不(欠)发达地区拥有丰富的资源,发展潜力很大。4.Our government supports the domestic enterprises to take part in the competition on the international market.我国政府支持国内企业参与国际市场竞争。

5.Everyone should try his best to contribute positively to the society.每个人都应该尽力为社会做出积极的贡献。6.让我们惊奇的是,很多人写信申请那个职位。To our surprise, many people wrote to apply for the/that position/post.7.众所周知,这本书是以一个真实的故事为依据的。

As is known to all(As is well known), this book is based on a real story.8.合同在现代经济生活中起着十分重要的作用。Contract plays a very important role in modern economic life.9.感谢你提前为我们预定了旅馆房间。

Thank you for booking/reserving the hotel room for us in advance/ahead of time.10.很多超市通过提供免费礼物吸引顾客。

Many/Lots of supermarkets attract customers through/by offering free gifts.1.Many young people would shop online rather than fight the crowds in the shopping center.许多年轻人宁愿网上购物也不愿在购物中心拥挤的人群中挤来挤去。2.Many people complained about the poor service of the restaurant.许多人抱怨这家餐馆的服务质量差。

3.Because of lack of money and necessary equipment, it was a long time before the company carried out the plan to improve the quality of the products.由于缺少资金和必要的设备,公司过了很长时间才实施提高产品质量的计划。

4.Customers are given a chance to compare the products and get the best one.顾客有一次比较商品并从中选择最好的一个的机会。

5.He is an experienced businessman and he has engaged in international trade for many years.他是位有经验的商人并且从事国际贸易多年了。6.她决定接受那个新工作,尽管报酬并不优厚。She will accept that new job although it’s not very well paid.7.不管他们是谁,他们都得对这次事故负责任。

No matter who they are, they must be responsible for the accident.8.现在越来越多的人用手机和朋友们保持联系。

Nowadays, more and more people keep in touch with friends with mobile phones.9.我觉得你应该把思想集中在工作和学习上。

I think you should focus your attention on your work and study.10.医生建议人们设法培养健康的生活方式。The doctor advises people to cultivate a healthy life style.

篇2:高职应用写作考试

高职高专生英语应用能力考试介绍及应对策略

英语应用能力考试是符合我国高等职业教育和普通高等专科教育目的的一种考试.本文主要对这一考试作简要介绍,并根据这一考试特点提出一些应对策略.

作 者:滕英浩 作者单位:南通高等师范学校艺体系,江苏,南通,226100刊 名:考试周刊英文刊名:KAOSHI ZHOUKAN年,卷(期):“”(39)分类号:G71关键词:高职高专 应用能力考试 介绍 应对策略

篇3:英语应用能力考试与高职听力教学

一、日常听力教学

兴趣是最好的老师, 人们擅长的一般都是爱好的, 且爱好的一般都擅长。要使听力教学有事半功倍的效果和质的飞跃, 培养学生的学习兴趣是关键, 日常教学应该立足“兴趣”来展开, 将兴趣贯穿到各个环节。

1. 语音训练

在高职学生入学后的第一阶段学习过程中, 教师有必要进行适当的国际音标的语音教学。形式可以多样化, 让学生背诵绕口令、阅读诗歌或学唱英文歌曲来进行练习都是不错的选择。这样不仅能避免单音节练习的乏味, 有效纠正学生长期以来形成的错误发音, 避免学生在听力过程中产生误听单词的问题, 而且能扩充语言知识, 培养兴趣。

2. 扩充词汇量

根据《高等学校英语应用能力考试大纲》, 听力理解部分词汇限于《基本要求》的“词汇表”中3400词的范围, 其中包含大量中学时期积累的词汇。故学生只要在平时的读、写中加以记忆就能轻松应对听力理解中的词汇量不足的问题。

此外《高等学校英语应用能力考试大纲》中对听力题材也进行了概括, 即介绍、问候、感谢、致歉、道别、指路、天气、学习、爱好、饮食、健康等日常交际。师生应在教学实践中根据各个题材进行词汇的归类。学生可通过了解词汇的构成规律、做填词游戏等方式, 来降低词汇记忆的枯燥程度。

3. 扩展文化背景知识

在听力教学中, 有些学生能听清甚至重复材料中的各个单词, 但就是无法理解其整体含义。这种情况归咎于有限的文化背景知识。语言是人们进行交际的手段, 一国的文化历史传统、生活方式、地理气候环境, 以及人们的思维方式都反映在语言当中。学生适当了解英语国家的背景知识, 认真梳理并熟悉在特定情景中的语言交际的场合与功能, 对所听的对话和短文会有一种熟悉感, 会更深刻地理解, 有时甚至能弥补语言上的一些不足。在日常授课时, 教师可增加和教材相关的文化背景知识, 如讲“Dining around the World”时, 就可以介绍西方就餐习惯及用语;鼓励学生观看英文影片或教学短片;还应要求学生适当阅读英文杂志报刊, 了解西方各个领域的情况。

4. 培养正确的听力练习方法

听的能力是在长期的听力训练中培养起来的, 因而学生平时必须加强听力训练, 但也要掌握正确的练习方法。学生主要须掌握以下两点: (1) 精听与泛听相结合。精听与泛听在听力训练中是相辅相成的。精听, 就是不仅要听懂文章的主要意思, 而且要力求听懂每一句话, 甚至是每个单词。可以反复听, 用笔记。泛听, 则主要听懂大概内容, 不拘泥于细节, 培养良好的语感, 丰富学生的知识。泛听是精听的基础, 精听是泛听的深化, 应用泛听带动精听。 (2) 听说结合。听与说是不可分割的整体, 说能促进听, 听能带动说。在平时练习时, 教师应指导学生对听过的材料进行复述, 围绕所听材料展开说的活动。 (3) 听写结合。边听边记也是提高听力水平必不可少的一个环节。在记录过程中, 学生只有直接理解、直接记忆, 才能把所听到的内容记录下来。只有经过长期的实践, 认真刻苦地学习, 熟练记录的基本技巧, 才能摸索出一套适合自己的可行的记录方法, 加深对内容的正确理解, 建立起提高听力水平的信心。

二、考前听力教学

1. 熟悉题型

考前对考题的熟悉是一个不可或缺的环节, 它可以起到事半功倍的效果。该部分历时15分钟, 总分15分。

2. 技术性指导 (1) 浏览+预测

在听音前适当预览听力选项可以帮助学生预测听力材料的内容, 预测所提问题, 有助于在听音过程中把握主动地位, 积极获取有用信息。英语应用能力考试的听力理解每个部分前播放的DIRECTION的时间都比较长, 学生可以充分利用这段时间来浏览选型和需要填空的句子并加以分析。这样不仅仅有利于集中注意力, 还会使信心倍增。针对个别较长选项, 学生还要学会找出其间的不同之处, 用笔划出来, 这样听音时才能有的放矢。

(2) 合理运用时间

切记对于没有听清的试题 (尤其是Section A——shor conversation) 要采取及时放弃的原则, 即随便选择一个选项, 把注意力集中到下一题, 一定要抢在下一题播放之前, 看完下一题的全部4个选项, 千万不可纠缠于已播放完的前一题。

3. 锻炼心理素质

由于听力考试难度高、速度快, 要求注意力高度集中, 这就容易造成一种考生的心理紧张状态。心理过于紧张是听力考试的大敌, 它往往导致考生暂时性精神抑制大脑, 对声音信号反应滞顿, 主观判断能力下降, 从而使紧张、懊悔、焦虑的情绪更为加剧。所以, 考生要善于控制自己的情绪, 尤其是排除与惧考有关的念头和想法, 努力做到心理放松, 静心聆听。在听力测试时, 情绪的好坏、思想是否集中将直接影响听力成绩的高低。所以教师平时就要训练他们的心理素质。

4. 学会归纳

(1) 归纳提出的问题

通过研究大纲和历年真题, 教师可指导学生归纳总结出听力理解中经常提出的问题, 使学生在听音时, 甚至在浏览完选项后可以预测出问题。

(2) 归纳说话人身份和关系

如果考生可以通过关键词很快判断对话者的关系和身份, 将有助于考生有目的地集中注意力, 并在脑海中搜索相关背景知识, 进一步加深对听力材料的理解。

(3) 归纳透露地点的关键词

考生如果善于捕捉听力材料中的关于地点或场合 (即语言环境) 的关键词, 也有助于他们判断听力材料的主题、说话人之间关系等。如若听到check in, check out, porter, luggage, book a room, double room等, 则可判断出对话发生在酒店, 等等。

三、结语

总之, 听力并不是一种被动的技能, 听力过程是一种积极的思维过程, 是英语的各种知识和各种技能的综合运用。学生必须在平时加强基础知识的培养和各种技能的训练, 并且在考前加以针对性的强化。只有这样, 学生才能在考试中取得较为理想的成绩, 顺利通过英语应用能力考试。

参考文献

[1]胡春洞.英语教学法[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 1999.

[2]范海霞.影响英语听力的因素及提高其理解能力的途径[J].辽宁高职学报, 2004, (6) .

篇4:高职应用写作考试

英语考试是高职院校英语教学工作中至关重要的一个教学环节。考试是引导学生主动、创造性地学习的重要手段;考试是检测和提高学生创新思维和创新能力的重要环节。同时,考试也是检查教师教学效果、更新教学的手段,促使教师“以人为本”,培养学生应用知识解决实际问题的能力。目前,高职教育中普遍存在着“重知识、轻能力,重记忆、轻创造,重理论、轻操作”的考试模式,严重制约了素质教育的实施和创新能力的培养。具体表现在以下几个方面:

(一)对英语考试目的的认识存在偏差

1.英语考试目的偏离英语学习目的

英语考试的根本目的是掌握课程相关的理论和技术,以进入社会更好地服务社会和适应社会,而如今许多学生把英语考试作为一种获得毕业证、奖学金、荣誉证等的跳板,而大部分英语教师只是把考试当成了例行公事和完成任务。英语考试制度不适应人才培养模式改革的需要,抑制了学生的个性化发展。现行的英语考试制度只注重学生对英语知识和技能的掌握,而忽视了学生个性化发展的需求和创造力的培养。

2.英语试题质量不高,忽略了英语试卷分析的信息反馈对提高英语试题质量的作用

英语试题的质量决定英语考试的质量,高质量的英语试题是实行高质量英语考试的前提。试题质量的评价指标包括四项:难度、区分度、信度和效度,其中最重要的是难度和区分度。作为一套高质量的英语试题,除应符合命题的基本要求外,从考试的目的来看还应具有一定的难度,以便测出学生实现英语教学目标、掌握所学英语知识和能力的程度和水平,同时,应能区别出英语学习情况不同的学生,亦即能测出每个学生个体英语学习情况的差异。英语考试结果应该及时准确地反馈给授课老师,这样,授课老师从试卷反映出来的问题,有针对性地调整和更改考试内容,为下次考试提供借鉴,从而增强试题的信度和效度,极大地提高英语试题质量。

(二)高职院校实行的期末一次性英语考试不能真实反映学生一学期英语学习的实际水平

(1)目前,我国高职院校的英语课程考试绝大部分安排在每个学期末进行,学生英语成绩的优劣主要取决于期末英语考试成绩。这种期末一次性英语考试决定学生一学期的英语学习成绩的考试带有一定的片面性,不能真实地反映学生一学期英语学习的实际水平。

(2)高职院校英语考试的考试形式单一,局限了对学生英语综合能力的考核。高职院校现行的英语考试形式和方法过于单一,存在着“四多四少”的现象。闭卷考试多,开卷考试少;笔试方式多,口试、答辩考试少;理论考试多,技能、操作、实践能力考察少;统一考试多,因材施考少。

(3)高职院校的考试计分方式不科学。目前高职院校大多采用百分制,教师阅卷只注重判分,不重视试卷和考试结果的分析、反馈及改进教学。很多课程任课教师从出题、阅卷到登录分数包干,或者是虽推行了教考分离,但制度落实不到位,这就严重降低了考試的公正性与科学性。

(三)考试内容死板,抑制了学生创造力的发挥

一直以来,高职院校考试以任课教师出题为主,而任课教师往往只根据指定教材所讲授的内容出题,缺乏对教学大纲的深入研究和对知识体系的融会贯通。考前教师就教材划范围、指重点的现象比较普遍。

(1)英语考试内容偏窄,侧重英语教材和课堂笔记,只考学生对所学知识的记忆力,不利于培养学生运用英语独立思考的能力和灵活运用英语知识的能力,容易造成学生死记硬背,搞考前突击,并寄希望于教师考前划重点,限制了学生英语学习的范围,造成学生英语知识面狭窄,英语学习兴趣降低。

(2)英语考试题型不合理,难以考查学生的综合能力。题型的选择被限定在有限的传统题型范围内,限制了选择合适形式来检验学生对课程知识的掌握,限制了考试内容及形式设计上的创新。在大多数考试中,使用填空、单选、多选、判断、简答、名词解释等客观题的比例大,而综合性思考题、分析论述题等主观性试题较少,不利于学生思辨能力、分析能力、综合能力的提高。

二、国内外考试数据的分析与运用

(一)国内高职院校考试数据的分析与运用

1.国内高职院校英语考试数据的分析的弊端

现今许多高职院校相同专业中同一门英语课程由多个教师同时承担,由于任课教师不同,对英语课程和考试重点的掌握不同,因此英语试卷的难易标准不同,造成同一门英语课程同一个年级的学生英语成绩分布差异非常大,失去了考试的区分度、效度和信度。考试数据的分析不科学,不利于教师公正地测定和评价学生掌握英语知识的实际水平和能力,也不利于反应教师英语的教学综合能力。

2.英语考试数据在国内高职院校的运用严重不足

目前高职院校大多采用百分制,教师阅卷只注重判分,不重视英语试卷和考试结果的分析、反馈及改进英语教学。现行的英语考试虽然也要求教师进行考试情况分析但只是流于形式,对学生答题中反映出来的英语教学效果及学生英语知识的应用能力分析缺乏重视,英语考试数据运用不及时,不能把试卷中反映出来的问题反馈给学生,不能有效促进教师英语教学质量的提高。

(二)国外各种考试数据的分析与运用的优劣

(1)以托福为代表的美国学派的做法,基本上停留在心理测量与结构主义相结合的阶段。人们重视考试,但是对测试理论知之甚少。重视考试的评定和选择功能,却忽视考试的反馈功能,颠倒了考试和教学的位置。我国大学英语考试就是四六级考试与托福考试的命题弊病是一脉相承的,属于分立式测试(discrete point test)。考出来的成绩所含“技巧”的比重不断增多,猜测成分增大,作弊容易,这就影响了考试的效度。

篇5:高职应用写作考试

写作部分的比分占总分的15%,测试时间为15分钟.对大多数学生来说,写作是一难点。因此,考生该部分的得分一般都不高。

为了使考生熟悉考试写作体裁,掌握写作方法,提高写作能力,根据《基本要求》和《考试大纲》,下面就高等学校英语应用能力考试可能涉及到的体裁及写作方法一一进行分析和讲解。

便条(Notes)

一、题型分析

便条在我们的日常生活当中随处可见,往往内容涉及信息性较强,所以要求考生用简单的语言完整地传递信息。若是有关道歉内容,考生应言之成理,动之以情。

二、应试技巧 1.正确运用格式

便条的写作格式同普通信笺的格式大体一致,包括写作时间、称呼、正文,结束语和具名共五部分。但在传递感谢内容的信息与单纯的通俗信息时,写作时间可以不具。2.正文写作应注意的技巧

写作正文时应注意以下四点:(1)使用非正式的、通俗的语言。(2)不要将写作人与称呼混淆。(3)单词或词组使用的准确性。

(4)用委婉的语气、商量的口吻向别人建议、道歉、邀请、询问、感谢,以期对方接受。3.正确运用如下常见的语句

(1)通俗信息便条。如:

There/Here is„ I have/got„(2)约会信息便条。如:

Could/Would/will yOU„

I’d like to„(3)感谢便条。如:

Thank you(very much)for„

Many thanks for„ I am writing to thank you for„

I am writing to express my appreciation of all that„

I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for„(4)道歉便条。如:

I’m so/terribly/extremely sorry that„

I would like tO express my apologies for„(5)邀请便条。如:

Would you like to„

Would it be possible for you to„ We should be very glad if you could„(6)请求、询问便条。如:

Would you please„

I would like to„

I would be grateful if you could„

We would appreciate doing„

三、范文分析 Dear liu,I have something important to tell you,please call me at 8 tonight.

Wang [分析] 这是一张通俗的信息便条,Wang有重要的事要告诉Liu,希望Liu与自己联系。该便条很明显没有写作时间和结束语。前面我们提到过单纯的通俗信息与感谢信息的传递不须注明写作时间,若非注不可,也就是即日,即收笺的那一日。

首句I have„句式表明“我”有一些,很自然地、明确地引出信息内容。使用了有说服力的词如important,tell等,突出地表现了信息的重要性。

其他几类便条就不再一一分析了,它们与同类信笺的写作技巧大体相似,就不在此赘述了。惟一提醒考生注意的是,在写道歉便条时,要实事求是,条理清晰地道明原委,切不可胡编乱造。

四、练习

请以Judy的名义给Jane写一张便条,请Jane尽快将其工作计划告诉Judy。[参考答案]

lst, June DearJane,Please inform me as soon as possible your working plan.Thanks.

Judy

通知(Notice)

一、题型分析

英文通知的格式与中文通知格式大体相同,这——点考生容易把握。其内容简单、具体,2 要求写明具体事项,以便告知相关人员。

二、应试技巧

1.注意中、英通知的细微差别

和中文通知一样,英文通知由标题、正文、落款(或时间)三部分组成。标题写在正文上方正中部位,常以Notice作标题。它可大写首字母(Notice)成整个单词(NOTICE)。落款即发出通知的单位和时间写在正文右下角,有时发出通知的单位可以省略,时间也可写在单位名称下一行的左下角。2.书写正文时要注意的几点

(1)内容要简洁、清楚。例如,会议通知要写清时间、地点、出席人员,必要时还可以写明会议内容。

(2)多采用被动语态,人称用第三人称。如:

①All the students of the Computer Department are required to meet„ ②A lecture on linguistics will be given by Professor Xiao„

(3)为了能引起广泛的注意,正文起首常标以“ATTENTION“字样或以“Attention,please”开头。如:

ATTENTION,A visit to„

(4)放假通知应写明放假天数及收假日期。如:

①Tomorrow being National Day,there will be no work for seven days. ②Work will be resumed on Oct.8.

三、范文分析 Sample 1

NOTICE All the members of the Students’Union are requested tO meet in the department conferenceroom on Monday,July 5,at 7:30 p.m.to discuss the plan of the sports meet.

Students’Union July 1,2000 [分析] 范文是布告体裁的通知。其格式规范,表述清楚。这是一个会议通告,开会的时间、地点、人员、会议内容都一目了然。和中文的通知一样,发出通知的部门即范文中的Students’Union和日期可写在右下角,但有时日期也可写在发通知的部门的下一行的右下角。但考生常习惯性地将日期写到右上角,这—点应注意。Sample 2 3

March 10,2000 Dear Lily,This is to inform you that due to bad weather tomorrow’s sports meet will be postponed until March 15.

School Athletic Committee [分析] 范文是通知的另一种形式即书信体。它的格式与便条很相似,包括写在右上角的日期、称呼、正文及落款即发通知的部门。同样,它的内容应该清楚、简洁,让人一目了然。

四、练习

①请拟一张国庆节放7天假的通知。

②请以英语系办公室的名义拟一个组织教师去韶山参观的通知。[参考答案①]

Notice

Sep.30,2000 Tomorrow being National Day,there will be no work for 7 days.All the managers and workers are required to take part in the celebrations to be held in the conference room in our company on Tuesday,Oct 1,at 8:00 a.m.Work will be resumedOn Oct.8.

Office of General Manager [参考答案②]

Notie

June 2,2000 Attention please,A visit to Shaoshan has been arranged for Saturday,June 7.The teachers who wish to go,please gather at the college gate.The bus is to leave at 6:00 a.m sharp.The English Department Office

请假条

(Asking for Sick Leave or Business Leave)

一、题型分析

在应用文能力考试中,请假条因其篇幅短小,格式、内容较为容易掌握,故相对于推荐信、申请信等篇幅较长的应用文而言,其得分率要高,且该类型的应用文要求文体正式、语言得体,尤其是用礼貌的语言向领导讲述清请假的理由。

二、应试技巧

1.了解请假条的基本情况(内容)

请假条是便条的一种,主要用于因病或因重要事情须向领导请示批准某一特定时间 的假。根据其请假理由的不同,可把请假条分为病假条和事假条两种。但不管是哪一种,都应包括以下四部分内容:

(1)日期

日期通常应在正文右上角,因清假条涉及到的是最近时间内的事情,故可直接用几 月,几日或星期几来表示,如April 10或10 April或Thursday。

(2)称呼

称呼常用常规信中的称呼语,如Dear„,Mr„,Professor„,Dr„等。

(3)正文

正文是请假条的核心部分,主要涉及到请假原因、请假时间,结尾时需用—‘些表示感谢或请求批准的话语。切记理由要充分,在必要时应附上相应的证明。

(4)结束语的署名

结束语常用yours faithfully 或 yours sincerely 或 yours truly等。2.常用句型

(1)起首用语

请假条中起首句常用来说明请假原因或请假时间,常用句型如下:

I’d like to apply for three days leave of absence,starting from„,and finishing on„ I am writing to ask for sick leave of„days,starting from„to„ I’m sorry l can’t attend the meeting because/as„ Owing to„/As„,I shall be unable to„(2)结尾常用语

请假条中结尾用语常用来表示感谢、请予批准等。常用句型如下: I should be very obliged/grateful if you grant me the leave. I hope you will grant me the leave. Hoping you will excuse my non-attendance.

I’ll certainly do my best to make up„once/as soon as„

Now l enclose a Doctor’s Certificate/a medical certificate from/issued by the doctor. Now l enclose the telegraph from my father.

三、范文分析

[范文] 事假条

April 25 Secretary Frick,As my brother is moving to Canada tomorrow,I shall be very much obliged if you will grant me my application for one day’s leave tomorrow.

Yours respectfully

Robin Ford [分析] 这是Robin Ford给秘书Frick的一张请假条。其中包括日期(April 25)、称呼语(Secretary Frick)、结束语(Yours respectfully)、署名(Robin Ford)以及核心部分——正文。就正文而言,一个主从复合句就给出了请假条正文所应包含的所有的信息,如请假理由:“My brother is moving to Canada tomorrow“,请假时间区间为”tomorrow“,表示感谢的话语:“I shall be very much obliged”,请求批准的话语:“you grant me application for one day’s leave”。从这些方面来看,该请假条体现出了请假条简单明了这一特点。正文开头以“As„”引导的原因状语从句引出请假理由,这样的开头使人一目了然。[范文] 病假条

(English 2nd Year,Class B)

April 21(To Department office)Ms Smith,Owing to a severe headache,I shall be unable to attend classes today.I enclose a medical certificate from the doctor.Hoping you will excuse my non-attendance.Yours respectfully

Li Ming [分析] 该请假条从基本格式到内容都符合请假条的要求,包括请假条中的信头(系、年级、班级和写假条的日期),收假条部门以及收假条人名,其中的系、年级、班级和收假条部门也可省略,直接用最简单的请假条格式,从内容中可推断出写请假条人与收请假条人是师生关系。正因如此,请假人写上了“I enclose a medical certificate from the doctor”以示请假理由并非借口,以介词短语“Owingto„”引出请假理由,以句子“I shall be unable to attendclasses today”引出了请假时间区间即today,开门见山,直截了当。

四、练习

①以Mary的名义向Professor John写一张因病无法上课的请假条(注明缺漏的课日后 补上)。

要求:不少于30词

②写一封因家父病重须回家探望,故请求给予三天假的请假条(注明起止时间)。要求:60词左右。[参考答案①]

Nov.12 Dear professor John,I’m sorry l can’t come to your lecture today as I am running a fever.I should be very much obliged if you shall grant me the leave.I’ll do my best to make up the lessons as soon as 1’m recovered.

Yours respectfully,Mary [参考条案②]

Dec.12 Dear Manager,I’d like to apply for three days leave,starting from the 13th-to the 15th,in order to return to my hometown to see my father,who is seriously ill these days.

I should be very much obliged if you grant me the leave.As to the duties to be missed during my absence,I shall do my best to make them up as Soon I get back.

Here I enclose a telegraph from my mother.

Yours faithfully,Wang Fang

邀请信(A letter of Invitation)

一、题型分析

该题型要求考生掌握正式和非正式的书信体邀请信的格式。它的内容应该完整、明确,语言简朴,态度热情。其复函即接受邀请或谢绝邀请也具有上述特点。

二、应试技巧

1.注意不同场合的邀请信使用格式的不同

邀请信的正式程度由邀请者与被邀请者间的关系来决定。正式的邀请信的格式与普通书 7 信的格式相同,由写信人的地址、日期、收信人姓名及地址、称呼、正文、结束语及署名七个部分组成。而用于熟悉朋友间的非正式邀请信则可省略写信人地址、收信人姓名及地址,称呼也可随便些。邀请信复函的格式和正式程度与邀请信相同。2.正文要求写清的几个方面

(1)邀请信的正文

(a)直截了当地提出邀请并指出时间(年、月、日、钟点)、地点、场合。

(b)请对方确认或表示期待对方接受邀请。

(2)表示接受邀请的复函的正文

(a)感谢对方的邀请(有时可省略)。

(b)表示接受邀请并确认时间、地点、场合。

(c)表达愉快的期盼之情。

(3)表示谢绝邀请的复函的正文

(a)感谢对方的邀请。

(b)明确谢绝并给出合理的原因。3.灵活运用邀请信及复函中常用的语句

(1)I should be delighted/pleased if you could come to„

Would/Could you come to„

(2)I shall be happy to accept„

It was thoughtful of you tO„

Thank you for your invitation to„

We look forward to seeing you again.(3)Please accept my sincere regret at„

Unfortunately,it will be impossible for me tO„

What a shame!We can’t„

三、范文分析

Dec.15,2000 Dear Peter,Would you like to come tO my place to have dinner with me on Sunday,Dec.20,at 8:00 p.m.? I haven’T seen you for a long time and I’m looking forward to seeing you soon.Yours,Lucy [分析] 以上是Lucy写给Peter的一封共进晚餐的邀请信。由于是非正式场合,省略了 8 写信人地址、收信人姓名及地址、正文开头提出了邀请,并讲明了具体的时间、地点(on Sunday,Dec.20,at 8:00 p.m.,my place)。最后表达了热切的期盼之情(„looking forward to seeing you soon)。

Dec.17,2000 Dear Lucy,Thank you for your kind invitation to dinner at your place on Sunday,Dec.20,at 8:00 p.m.I do accept it with great pleasure.It seems quite a long time since we met last.

I’m looking forward to seeing you.Yours,Peter [分析] 以上是Peter表示接受邀请而写的一封回信。正文开头对邀请表示感谢,并确认了时间、地点。接着明确表示乐意接受邀请(I do accept it with great pleasure)。最后表示了热切盼望那一天的到来。此信的关键是要写明接受邀请,而不能出现“I’ll accept it I’m free“这类模棱两可的句子。

Dec.17,2000 Dear Lucy,Thank you for your kind invitation to dinner at your place,But l’m sorry that I have to decline it.I’ll visit my former teacher that day.

I do hope to see you when I’m free.

Yours,Peter [分析] 这是一封peter因故不能出席的谢绝邀请信。同样,正文开头表达了被邀请的谢意。接着明确地谢绝邀请并解释了原因(But I’m sorry that l have to decline it,I’ll visit my former teacher that day.)。此处用到的套语有:

Thank you very much for your kind invitation to„

I’m sorry that„

四、练习

按下列要求写一封邀请信及复函:

①以Wang Li的名义给他朋友Li Min写一封邀请信,请他五一节期间来杭州游玩。

②以Li Min的名义写一封接受邀请信。

③因Li Min在这期间要去广东考察工作单位而谢绝邀请,请以Li Min的名义写一封谢 9 绝信。[参考答案①]

April 20,2000 Dear Li Min,It is really a long time since l saw you last.I miss you so much.would you like to come to Hangzhou during International Labour Day?

Hangzhou is a beautiful city.There are quite a lot of places of interest and shopping places.you’re welcome to stay as long as you like and I’d like to be your guide.

I’m really looking forward to see you again.If you would tell me the time of your arrival,I’ll meet you at the railway station.

Yours,Wang Li [参考答案②]

April 20,2000 Dear Wang Li,Thank you for your kind invitation,I’m really pleased to meet you in Hangzhou,But now I can’t decide specifically when I will arrive in Hangzhou,However,once I make a specific decision,I will notify you by telephone.

I hope we can meet earlier.

Yours,Li Min [参考答案③]

April 20,2000 Dear Wang Li,Thank you very much for your kind invitation to visit Hangzhou.We really haven’t seen each other for a long time.But I really feel regret that I call’t come.I have to go to Cuangzhou those days,you know I’ll graduate thlis July,so I must go to visit the place where I will work.

I’ll write to you when I get back.

Yours

Li Min

请求信(A Letter of Request)

一、题型分析

请求信是普通书信的一种。常用于比较正式的场合。其格式与普通书信相同。它的主体要求清楚地写出请求的内容及理由,以达到令对方愿意帮助的目的。请求信要求语气谦恭有礼,态度诚恳。考生常犯表述不清、客套语重复、罗嗦的毛病。

二、应试技巧 1.正确运用格式

和其他普通书信—样,请求信由写信人地址、日期、收信人姓名及地址、称呼、正文、结尾客套语、署名七个部分组成。写信人的地址要详细,以便对方回复。2.正文要写清楚如下几点

(1)可以开门见山地提出请求,但语气要有礼貌。(2)简明扼要地解释提出请求的原因。

(3)无论结果如何,都向对方致谢,但客套语不宜过多。3.灵活运用常用于请求的语句

(1)I wish to„

I want tO„

We’d like to„

I would ask you to„

(2)We would feel obliged„

I should feel grateful for„

„will be greatly appreciated„

三、范文分析

No.3 Huangxing Road Changsha,410006

July 11,1999 Admission Office NanJing University Nanjing,210008 Dear Sir,I want to pursue a ph.D at your university.My intended of entrance is Autumn 2000.Your sending me application forms at your earliest convenience will be greatly appreciated.Sincerely yours

Li Mei [分析] 以上是Li Mei给Nanjing University招生办写的一封请求寄申请表的信。该请求 11 信包括了写信人地址(No.3 Huangxing Road,Changsha,410006)、日期(July 11,1999)、收信地址,因不知收信人姓名而写了招生办(Admission Office),相应地称呼也写成Dear Sir,这样比较合适。正文开头“I want to„”直奔主题,道明了写信的目的,接着指明了入校时间为2000年秋,最后礼貌地请求他寄上申请表。在这里他用的是“„will be greatly appreciated”这个句型,而不仅仅是一个简单的”Thanks“。

四、练习

给某电脑公司的销售部经理写一封请求信,请求他给你寄该公司当天在《北京周末 报》广告中的家用电脑的详尽说明。[参考答案]

Baihai Road

Shanghai,200030 May 11,2000 Sales Manager Xinnan Computer Company NO,2 Leping Street Beijing,100082 Dear Sir,I’m interested in the personal computers which are advertised in today’s Beokom Weekend.I want very much to get the information about the various computers that you have.

I should feel much obliged if you will kindly send me some details of your computers.

Yours faithfully,Wang Lin

求职信(A Letter of Application)

一、题型分析

求职信是书信的一种。要求考生首先要熟悉普通书信的格式,同时突出自己与所求工作相关的经历和能力。另外,表达要清楚、具体,以便求职者能给对方留下深刻的印象,最后获得面试的机会。

二、应试技巧 1.正确运用格式

和其他普通书信一样,求职信由写信人的地址及写信日期、收信人的姓名及地址、称呼、12 正文、结束语、署名和附件七个部分组成。写信人的地址要详细,以便对方顺利通知写信人面试。收信人一般为求职单位的人事负责人。附件指个人简历、有关证明。2.正文要写清以下四个方面的内容

(1)具体指出所寻求的职位。

(2)描述自己受教育的程度、以前的工作业绩和工作能力。

(3)提供至少两个证明人及其联系地址和电话,放在“个人简历”中列出,否则在正文中体现。

(4)请求对方给予面试的机会。3.灵活运用求职信中常用的语句

(1)I would like to apply for the position„

This is an application for the position„

I wish to apply for the position„

(2)Please let me know if you want an interview.

Can we arrange an interview at your convenience?

I shall be much obliged if you will accord me an opportunity interview.

(3)I’m looking forward to hear from you shortly.

I hope to hear from you soon.

三、范文分析

Weymouth Street Charlottetown Price Edward Island, Canada CIA 4Z2 10 September,1998 Personnel Director Macro Engineering Co.600 Deepdale Drive Toronto,Ontario M5W 4R9 Dear Sir,I would like to apply for the senior position in your first-class standard Laboratory advertised in your advertisement.I graduated from Pacific Rim College in 1996 and got a B.S degree in Electrical Engineering.

After graduation I have been working at the Engineering Laboratory of Pacific Rim College 13 and have got much experience,And I trust I’m qualified to fill your position.

I’m enclosing my CV and looking forward to hearing from you shortly.

Yours Sincerely Alex Gawin [分析] 以上是Pacific Rim学院电子工程实验室工作人员Alex Gawin向Macro工程公司写的一封求职信。该求职信包含写信人地址(140 Weymouth Street Charlottetown,Prince Edward Island,Canada CIA 4Z2)和写信时间(10 September l998)、收信人姓名(Personnel Director)和地址(Macro Engineering Co.600 Deepdale Drive,Toronto,Ontario,M5W 4R9)、称呼(Dear Sir)、正文、署名(Alex Gawin)和附件(CV个人简历)六个部分。正文清楚地显示了所寻求的职位(the senior position in your first-class standards Laborary)、自己受教育的程度(graduated from Pacific Rim College,got a B.S degree in Electrical Engineering)电力机械专业理学土和工作经历及能力(have been working at the Electrical Engineering Laboratory of Pacific Rim College,have got much experience,trust that I’m qualified to fill your position)。至于证明人及其联系地址和电话放在附件“个人简历”(CV)之中。信中使用的套话有:

I would like to apply for„

I’m looking forward to hear from you shortly.

四、练习

根据下列招聘广告写一封求职信,字数不少于80个。

The Representative office Of

an oversea manufacturing

company is looking for an

EXECUTIVE SECRETARY

To assist General manager in his job,The person should be able to do the filing,take shorthand,deal with paperwork and correspondence in English,organize meetings and communicate with clients.Computer knowledge is a must preferably with technical background at least 3 years experience. [参考答案]

No.110 Shaoshan Road Changsha 410006, Hunan Nov.17,2000 Personnel Director 14 Oversea Manufacturing Company in Shanghai 120 Beihai Road, Shanghai 200040 Dear Sir,I wish to apply for the position as executive secretary in your company advertised in yesterday’s Guangming Daily.Since my graduation in 1998 from Hunan University with a B.S degree in Public Administration & service,I have been working as the General Manager’s executive secretary of a manufacturing company in Xiangtan and have got quite a lot of experience.Besides professional knowledge,I have a good command of computer and English.I’m sure I call fill your position.

I’m enclosing my CV and looking forward to hear from you shortly.

Yours faithfully

Chen Ming

慰问信(Letters of consolation)

一、题型分析

亲友生病、受伤或由于某种不幸事件蒙受了损失,应该写信表示慰问。考生在写作中应注意慰问信的格式和措词,如果情况并不严重或损失不大,慰问信可写得轻松一些;若是情况严重或损失惨重,就应该写得深沉一些。

总之,慰问信要格式正确,语言规范、简洁,感情真挚。

慰问信的写作在实用性文体中属中等难度的题型,考生得分一般在6-12分之间。最常见的错误是主题不突出,语言太罗嗦,或者欠规范。此外,考生往往忽略格式的写作,导致失分。

二、应试技巧 1.正确运用写作格式

由于慰问信通常是写给亲友的,彼此都较熟悉,其信内收信人地址、姓名、写信人地址及姓名均可以省略。所以慰问信的格式通常由日期(date)、称呼(salutation)、正文(body)、结束语(closing)及署名(signature)五部分组成。2.恰当选用如下常见句型

(1)开头常用的有:

I was shocked/saddened/distressed/grieved to hear that„

It was a great/profound shock to hear„

We have just heard/learned with profound sorrow/regret the sad tragic news(of)„

I just can’t tell you how sad I am(to hear of)„

We want to offer our deepest„/May I express my most heartfelt sympathy at the loss of„

(2)结尾常用的有:

Please accept our very sincere/heartfelt condolence/consolation in your great loss.

We hope our caring will make your sorrow easier to bear.

We hope that time will ease the sorrow of your recent loss.

May our sympathy and consolation help to comfort you.

Our thoughts are with you in this time of sorrow.

May your memories be a source of comfort.

If we can be of any help,please don’t hesitate to let us know. 3.正文部分应注意的三个方面

(1)尊重对方的感情,表达慰问的主题。同情和慰问应该是发自内心的,而且要亲切、温暖、富于人情。

(2)语言要简洁。所要表达的感情是丰富而复杂的,但这些感情不一定全写进一封信中,应去掉那些冗长的颂词和伤感的话,对方已经很悲痛了,不要用更大的悲痛或与此无关事情的冗长解释来加重他的负担。比如用一两句话表达对收信人已故父亲的尊重与仰慕,点到为止。

(3)表示愿意提供帮助。这一点不一定适合所有的情况,但如果动机是诚恳的,而且确实能够做到,那么在信中表示愿意帮助无疑是一种最有效的安慰。4.避免错误的文化迁移

中国学生受本族文化的影响,在写慰问信时往往发生错误的文化迁移,常使用类似这样的句子:”There is nothing anyone can say at a time like this.”“Words cannot express our feelings.”或“We don’t know what to say at this time.”这类话是极不应该出现的,它们显得似乎有意拉长一个表达悲伤的简短句子,而在对方需要帮助时却又无能为力。

三、范文分析

July 6,2001 My dear Margaret,Today I heard of the passing away of your father,for whom I had the greatest admiration and regard.I know the suddenness of it must have been a dreadful shock,and I will miss your father,as you will.

May your memories be a source of comfort.Please know,Margaret,that my heart and my thoughts are with you and your family.I wish I could do something to soften your grief.

Affectionately,Mary Haskins [分析] 这是Mary Haskins写给Margaret的一封慰问信。信写得真诚、亲切,设身处地替对方着想。首句巧妙地回避了令人反感和痛心的death,died,killed之类的词,而代之以pass away这一委婉语,表达了自己的慰问之情。紧接其后的“for whom I had the greatest admiration and regard”又表达了自己对朋友之父的尊敬与仰慕。因为“the suddenness of it must have been a dreadful shock”,所以Margaret此时的心情一定是很悲痛的,但是“I will miss your father,as you will”,虽然人已死,但是他的音容笑貌依然活在亲友的心中,并将永远被怀念,这对生者无疑是一种莫大的安慰。

信的结尾十分坦诚而热心地提出帮助:“I wish I could do something to soften your grief.”以实际的言行来帮助对方减少丧父之痛。

文中恰当选用了“May your memories be a source of comfort.”和”Please know that my heart and my thoughts are with you and your family.”给对方以慰藉和勇气。

四、练习

你(Harriet)的同事Mrs.Corbin不幸在一次撞车事故中受伤,伤势不重。请你代表全校教职工写一封慰问信,字数不得少于80个。[参考答案]

Aug.12,2000 Dear Mrs.Corbin,I feel I simply must write this note and tell you how much you are in the hearts and minds of everyone in school.

We were greatly shooked and saddened to hear the news of crash,But we were grateful,too,hat your injuries were not worse.We will miss your,but don’t concern yourself with your work here,we will take care of it for you.

The affection and best wishes of the entire school are with you,and everyone is hoping for your quick and complete recovery.

Sincerely yours

Harriet

投诉信(A letter of Complaint)

一、题型分析

相对于通知、请假等而言,投诉信篇幅长,难度大,失分率也相应地高。该题型要求考生能在20分钟内清楚地表达出自己所要投诉的事情。而考生的难点也主要在于如何才能措辞准确,使被投诉方没有反感。

二、应试技巧 1.了解投诉信的特点

投诉信作为一种私人信件,主要是指在日常生活中,人们因产品质量或对服务质量不满等原因而写的以求得问题解决的信,其主要内容包括:

(1)投诉内容

主要指投诉实物名称或抽象的服务态度等。

(2)投诉原因

主要指投诉内容出了何种问题。

(3)希望得到的结果

主要是指向被投诉的单位或个人求得解决问题的办法或希望返回其所付出的代价。

注意:因写投诉信的目的是为了求得一个解决问题的方法而不是为了泄愤,故在写信时语气要平和,语言不能过于尖刻。2.掌握常用句型或语句

(1)常用开头语句

I’m writing to you about the bed which I bought from your shop three days ago.I’m sorry to complain of the bad quality of„/the poor service of„

I choose to complain to you about„because I’m sure you will be able to have the problem solved.

(2)表述原因的句型

When we/I checked„,we/I noticed/found„

„,it did not work properly.

As you will realize,I was extremely upset to discover all this.

(3)结尾常用句型

Please let us/me know what you intend to do in this matter.

I’m returning„under/by separate post.

I’m looking forward to receiving a full refund of 500 yuan.

Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.

三、范文分析

May 18,2001 Dear Sir,I have written two letters telling you that my telephone has been out of order for a few days,but I haven’t heard from you ever since.Now it is hard to get a connection,what is worse,it is ringing like mad every now and then.This causes us not only much inconvenience but also a lot of trouble.

Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.Yours sincerely,Li Fang [分析]这封投诉信是写信人投诉修理电话机的人未及时修理电话机。写信人一开头就以“I have written two letters„but I haven’t heard from you ever since“这一句子引出了投诉内容及原因即“the telephone has been out of order”and the repairers didn’t give any reply to the writter’s requirement,紧接着写信人说出了电话机出现的毛病以及这些毛病给人带来的不方便,最后以“Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible”这一句子结尾,直截了当地向被投诉人提出给予解决问题的办法。总体上说,这篇文章的语言较平和,写信人的态度也较为诚恳。

四、练习

①假定你叫李平,写信给店主投诉你买的羊毛夹克衫已坏,希望要回钱并请求解决问题的办法。

要求:字数不少于80词。

②假定你叫李华,写信投诉某商店营业员。

投诉内容:服务态度差。

投诉原因:某天路过一商店时看中一件毛皮大衣,故进去向营业员说明来意,当因她 给的大衣太大要求更换时,该营业员拒绝这一要求,并说你是买不起这种毛皮大衣的人。

希望得到的结果:要求道歉并希望经理能使她懂得如何为顾客服务。

要求:字数不少于80词,不能逐句翻译。[参考答案①]

Dec.25,2000 Dear Mr Manager,I’m sorry to complain to you about the bad quality of the woolen jacket I bought from your shop three months ago when I was in your area.

I’ve been wearing it only at weekends.but now the sleeves have worn badly.As you will realize,I’m extremely upset and annoyed at this.I hope I can have my money hack,if you don’t mind.I’m sorry to give you the trouble,but I’m sure you’ll be kind enough to have the problem solved.I’m returning the jacket under separate post,and enclose the receipt。I’m looking forward to receiving your early reply.

Yours faithfully

Li Ping [参考答案②]

Nov.12,2000 Dear Mr Manager,I’m very sorry to complain to you about the poor service in your store.

The day before yesterday when I was passing your shop,I happened to find a fur coat in the shopwindow which I liked very much.I went in and told a lady assistant(No.2)about my intention.

When l found the coat she showed me was too big,I asked her to show me a smaller one,but she refused,and said that I was not the one who could afford it.I hope she could make an apology to me and that you’ll make her understand how to serve customers.

Yours truly,Li Hua

道歉信(A Letter of Apology)

一、题型分析

道歉信的格式较普通书信简单。它的中心是如何解释清楚犯错的原因并向对方道歉。其特点是措词委婉,语气诚恳,最终达到使对方接受你的歉意的目的。

二、应试技巧 1.道歉信的格式

道歉信常用于熟悉的朋友之间,因而普通书信中的写信人地址、收信人姓名、地址可以 20 省略不写,写上日期、称呼、正文、结尾客套语及署名即可。特别注意日期应写在右上角。2.道歉信的正文

正文要求注意如下三点:

(1)以道歉语句开头。

(2)清晰明了地给出一个令人信服的理由。

(3)请求对方接受你的道歉。3.常用于道歉信的语句

(1)I’m terribly sorry for„

I’m awfully sorry that„

I’m very sorry to„

I regret that„

I regret to say that„

(2)Please accept my apology for„

You’ll accept my apology,won’t you?

I should be much obliged if you will please excuse me.

I hope you will accept my apology.

三、范文分析

July 2,2000 Dear Alison,I must apologize to you that I have lost the pen you lent me last Monday,I looked wherever I might have put it,but I just couldn’t find it I know it was a gift from your aunt,I’m going to buy a new one for you,I’m really sorry for being so careless,you’ll accept my apology,won’t you?

Yours,Jim [分析]以上是Jim因丢失了Alison的钢笔而写的一封道歉信,其格式规范,包括了日期(JuLy 2,2000)、称呼(Dear Alison)、正文、结尾客套语(yours)、署名(Jim)五个部分。正文一开头用了“I must apologize to you that„”诚恳地向对方道歉,接着解释了道歉的原因:“„lost the pen„”而且他正在采取补救措施:“I’m going to buy a new one for you.”最后承认这是因为自己的粗心大意:“I’m really sorry for being so careless,”并恳请对方原谅:“You’ll accept my apology,won’t you?“范文写得简洁明了,措词委婉,道歉者真诚的歉意溢于言表。其中所用到的套话有: I must apologize to you that„ I’m really sorry for„

You’ll accept my apology,won’t you?

四、练习

①Lucy昨天因母病未能去机场给朋友Mary送行,为此请以Lucy的名义写封道歉信。

②因Lily要出席一个重要会议,特将原定于11月25号的宴会推迟,请以此向Smith和Helen道歉。[参考答案①]

Sep.3,2000 Dear Mary,I’m awfully sorry that I couldn’t see you off at the airport yesterday.My mother fell ill and I had to take care of her at home.I hope you will accept my sincere apology.

Yours,Lacy [参考答案②]

Nov.12,2000 Dear Mr.Smith and Helen,I’m terribly sorry that the dinner we have planned for Nov.25 must be postponed.I’ll have to attend an important meeting that day.I’ll write soon to see what we canarrange in December,Thank you for thinking of me.

Sincerely yours,Lily

解雇信(A Letter of Dismissal)

一、题型分析

解雇信的格式比普通书信的格式还简单,考生比较容易掌握。考生感到困难的是如何措辞才能使其语言简练,语气肯定,解雇原因符合事实且通情达理,从而达到使对方对公司有好感的目的。

二、应试技巧 1.正确运用格式

解雇信是雇主写给雇员的,不要求回信,因双方的工作单位一致,所以写信人的地址和收信人的姓名和地址通常省略。一封解雇信由写信日期、称呼、正文、结束语和署名五个部分组成。

2.正文涉及的内容

(1)对被解雇职员表示抱歉。

(2)陈述解雇这一事实。

(3)解释解雇的原因。这一点尤为重要,原因要解释得合情合理,令人信服,且不能伤对方的自尊心,要注意语气委婉,有礼有节。

(4)以鼓励的话语作为结尾。3.常见的语句

(1)I regret having to tell you„

It is with deep regret that I must inform you„

I am sorry to be the one to tell you„

(2)We trust that several new positions will open for you.

I wish you the best in future employment.

I am sure you will soon find work more suited to your abilities.

We wish you well in your endeavor.

三、范文分析

Feb.18,2000 Dear Allan,I am sorry to be the one to tell you this,but your service will no longer be required.However,your pay will continue for two full months.The time is based on your years of service.

We have repeatedly asked you to put more effort and willingness into your work.We believe you have the potential to do a competent job;but your last 3 reports were late,incomplete and inaccurate,and therefore useless to our managers who rely on these reports for operating decisions.

Perhaps you should seek a job that is less demanding and has less critical deadlines.I am confident you will soon find work more suited to your abilities.Sincerely

Ecloise Madden [分析] 这是雇主Ecloise Madden因员工Allan工作表现差而将其解雇的一封信,包括写信日期(Feb.18,2000)、称呼(Dear Allan)、正文、结束语(Sincerely)和签名(Ecloise Madden)五个部分。信中运用了常见语句:“I am sorry to be the one to tell you„”“Perhaps you should 23 seek a job„to your ability.”前句表达雇主的遗憾之情,后句用以安慰和鼓励被解雇的职工。解雇原因通过一句话“„but your last 3 reports were late,incomplete and inaccurate and therefore useless to our managers„”解释得清楚明了。同时,通过被动语态(„but your service will be no longer be required.)和现在完成时(We have repeatedly asked you„)暗示我们一直苦口婆心规劝你,可你不听,从而产生今天我们迫不得已解雇你这一事实,从而让被解雇人明白:造成今天这个结局的原因主要在自己身上,雇主和公司方已经做到了仁至义尽。此外,通过肯定其工作能力(you have the potential to do a competent job)以维护被解雇人的自尊心。

四、练习

中友光学仪器公司因使用生产过程自动控制系统(the automatic control system of the production process)需要裁减一批员工,其中包括李明。请以董事长Mr Carol的名义给他写一封解雇信,字数不少于80个。[参考答案]

June 25,2000 Dear Mr Li,It is with deep regret that I must inform you of the recent decision to terminate your association with Zhongyou Optical Instruments Company.Because of the automatic control system of the production process,we have to cut down our manpower resourees,and several employees have,unfortunately,suffered in the process.

Your work here has been admirable,and I will certainly provide you with the highest of recommendations if called upon to do so.

With your skills and abilities to work with people,I am sure you will soon find a position with another company.Wish you the best in future employment.

Sincerely yours

Carol

借据和收条(IOU and Receipt Forms)

一、题型分析

借据和收条格式简单,正文开头有固定的句型引导,要求考生能熟练地运用常用句型并简明扼要地写清字据的内容。

二、应试技巧

1.注意简单格式在不同情况下的区别

借据和收条一般由日期、正文、署名三部分组成,但借款借据一般要写抬头(To Mr Smith),而借物借据和收条均可省略抬头。2.注意不同字据内容表述上的细节性差别

(1)借物借据常以“Borrowed from„”这个句型引导,写明何人何物即可。

(2)借款借据常以“I,O,U”开头,也可写成“IOU”,它是“I owe you”(我欠你)的缩写形式,即汉语中的“今借到”、“今借”。接着要写明所借款的数额及币种,如果是定期偿还的还应写上归还的具体日期,带利息的应写明利息多少。利息常以厘为单位,用百分比表示,如:5 percent per annum意思是年息五厘。若要说明用途,则在其后加“for„”。

(3)收条开头常以“Received from„”或“Receive of„”引导,相当于汉语中的“今收到”、“收到”,再写明收到的具体内容。3.牢记并恰当运用固定表达

I,O,U„

Borrowed from„for„

Received of/from„

三、范文分析 Sample 1

Feb.2, 2000 To Mr John,IOU three thousand yuan only(RMB),to be paid within three months from this date with interest at sIX per cent per annum.

Liu Li [分析]这是一张定期偿还的借款条据,其格式正确,内容简单明了。它用了我们写借据时常用的“IOU„”开头来说明借了3000元整,括号中的RMB指明了币种。接着写了归还的日期和利息(six percent per annum年息6厘)。Sample 2

May 8,2000 Borrowed from professor kerry an English-Chinese Dictionary.

Lucy [分析]借物字据较借款字据简单,不必写抬头,只须写明借何人何物即可。Sample 3

April 11,1999 25

Received from the English Department the sum of eight hundred US dollars(US $800),being my salary for the month of April,1999.

K.Grace [分析] 收据格式与借据相同,但省略抬头,范文中的”Received from the English Deparunent the sum of eight hundred US dollars(US $800)”清楚地告诉我们:收到英语系共800美元。在写款额时比较谨慎,不仅写明了“eight hundred US dollars”,又在括号里标明了,这样很难被涂改。接下来的“being my salary for the month of April,1999“指出了钱的用途,如不需说明也可省略。

四、练习

①写一张借条,内容为Li Bin欠Mrs.smith 5000美元,将在立字据起两年内偿还,年息为3厘。

②Peter John于2000年9月1日收到李平缴纳的住宿费600元人民币,请以此写一张收条。

③Lily于1999年3月4日收到高等教育出版社《实用业务英语》100本,以此写一张收条。[参考答案①]

Oct.10,2000 To Mrs Smith,I.O.U five thousand US dollars(US $5000)to be paid within two years from this date with interest at three per cent per annum.Li Bin [参考答案②]

Sep.1,2000 Received from Mr.Li Ping six hundred Yuan(RMB)for accommodation fee.

PeterJohn [参考答案③]

March 4,1999 Received from the Highter Education Press one hundred copies of Practical Professional,English.

Lily

证明(Certificate)

一、题型分析

证明或证书涉及面较广,凡是证明一个人的身份、经历或某件事情真相的信或文件,都叫做证明或证书。如证明一个人出生、死亡以及学历等内容。

证明的书写格式与普通书信格式基本相同,要注意其措词和内容。此外,还要注意证明的权威性。

二、应试技巧 1.正确运用格式

前文提到过,证明的格式与一般书信格式大致相同,只是在称呼(thesalutation)位置上一般写上“To whom it may concem,(i)”,而不须写收信人姓名、地址和结束语。通常在信笺的上方先注明Certificate(证书)字样,然而写将要证明的内容,最后在右下方署上自己的名字或单位名称。2.写清证明内容

无论是证明还是证书,都要求在正文(the body)开头就写上证明内容。一般采用的句型是:

This is to certify that„(兹证明„„)3.证明或证书应该是权威的

证明中应体现写信人作为一个专家的专业地位、职业或者体现所代表机构的权威性。

三、范文分析

October 7,2000 TO whom it may concern,This is to certify that Miss Liu Ning has been employed in our company as a typist for the past five years and has been working to oyr complete satisfaction.She has faithfully attended to her duties and has proved herself to be industrious and thoroughly reliable.Now she is leaving as we have no further need of her service.Any inquiries regarding her will be answered.

Yours faithfully

Shao Qiang Director of the office [分析]上面是一位办公室主任邵强给刘宁小姐写的一封证明,刘宁小姐由于公司不再需要打字员而离职。这封信简短,但包括了证明信的基本要素:写信日期(October 7,2000)、称呼(To whom it may concern)、证明的正文(This is to certify that„)、结束语(yours faithfully)27 和署名(Shao Qiang),署名中列出写信人的职位(Director of the Office),表明了这封信的权威性。

信中还提到刘宁小姐的具体工作表现:“She has faidfully attended to her duties and has proved herself to be industrious and thoroughly reliable”,语言规范、正式,措词严谨。此外,还说明了我们是怎样受益于她的工作的(„her work has been to our complete satisfaction)。

四、练习

以北京大学校长的身份写一封证明信,证明学生林涛在本校英语系研修英国语言、文学和文化课程。[参考答案]

Peking University November 12,1998 To whom it may concern,This is to certify that Mr.Lin Tao has attended a courne in English Language,Literature and Culture from September l995 to July l996 in the Faculty of English.

Wang Gang

President of the University

推销信(A Letter of Sales Promotion)

一、题型分析

该题型要求考生正确掌握推销信的写作格式,简单、清晰地描写所推销产品的特色。语言要生动有力,重点突出,以达到鼓动顾客购买该产品的目的。如果考生对某一产品的特色了解不够,那么特色描写就成为推销信写作之中的拦路虎,因此失分就会比较多。

二、应试技巧 1.正确运用格式

推销信由写信人的地址和写信时间、收信人的姓名和地址、称呼、正文、结束语和署名六大部分组成。如果面对某个地方的所有顾客或不知顾客的姓名,可以省略第二部分即收信人的姓名和地址。2.正文写作应注意的技巧

(1)使用有说服力的词语如:advantage,confidence,economical,effective,fair,free,lowest cost,new,money-making,powerful,good quality,successful,valuable等等,为推销信增色。

(2)使用刺激视觉的手段,包括大写、斜体字、黑体字、引号、下划线、破折号、着重号、表格等吸引顾客的注意力。

(3)特色描述不可面面俱到,只能突出重点,否则难以给顾客留下深刻的印象。

(4)使用富有趣味的开头语句,如一句不寻常的评论、一个故事、名人名言等。

(5)结尾时明确示意顾客立即行动起来。别忘了给顾客提供自己的联系地址和联系办法。3.常见的推销语句

(1)Here is an indispensable invention for anyone who„

I wonder if you have ever had an experience like this one——This may be your last chance to„

(2)So do the right thing for yourself——mail the card today.Send no money,simply mail the card.

Our supply is limited.Act now!We will be happy to assist you.please give us a call.

Send no money.If not satisfied,don’t pay.

三、范文分析

Federal Drug Administration 532 Overbrook Road Michigan 48013 January 4,1999 No.111,Madison Avenue New York,NY100017 Dear Madame,If you have a weight problem,do not despair.The Federal Drug Administration has approved the weight-loss medication“Ionamin”,which is effective and doesn’t have the harmful effects of other medications.

But this is only part of our complete procedure that promises proper weight loss.We perform a medical examination,including heart-rhythm test,blood tests and basic medical history.

From this we can prescribe the proper medication——if needed——diet,and exercise.Each person is different,and you will be treated as an individual.

Weight loss can be promised,but keeping your weight at its proper level can be achieved only with your cooperation and persistence.

Call me at 000—0000 for a free consultation.We can help you maintain your desired weight.

Sincerely

Federal Drug Administration

Atwood

Sales Manager [分析] 以上是美国联邦药物经营公司销售部经理Atwood给纽约市麦迪逊大卫110号的一位女士写的一封推销减肥药的信。其组成部分为写信人的地址(Federal Drug Administration,532 Overbrook Road,Michigan 48013)和写信时间(January 4,1999)、收信人的地址(No.111,Madison Avenue,其姓名因不知道而省略)、称呼(Dear Madame)、正文、结束语(Sincerely)和署名(Atwood),这里为了增加可信度,附有推销人的工作单位及职务(Federal Drug Administration,sales manager)。

正文部分使用了有说服力的词如effective,promises,free,desired等;引号、破折号等视觉刺激手法;重点描述“Ionamin”药品的减肥优势(effective and doesn’t have the harmful effects of other medications),最后留下了一个免费咨询的电话号码000—O000。

四、练习

请以上海贸易有限公司销售部经理王强的名义,写一封推销“大鹏”牌(“ROC”)卷笔刀的信。字数不得少于80个。[参考答案]

Shanghai Trading Co.Ltd.

NO.10,Jinhua Road

Shanghai 200031

May 10,2001 No.12 Zhongshan Road Changsha 410008 Dear Sir or Madame,We have a point to make——Our“ROC”sharpeners do more than just put a point on your pencil.It will sharpen your pencil down to the last stub without harming the lead core.

Famed for 40 years for quality and low cost,“ROC”pencil sharpeners are sold around the world.

If you have a“ROC”,you have a fine aid to writing,but also have a decorative piece for your desk——or a toy for your child.

We will be happy to assist you.Please call at 021-543703207 for a free consultation.

Yours truly

Shanghai Trading Co.Ltd.

Wang Qiang

Sales Manager

简历(Resume)

一、题型分析

简历是一个人的工作经历、教育和兴趣爱好的总结。

简历其实是一种广告,为了使雇主安排自己参加面试,简历应该写得整洁、具体、准确。

二、应试技巧

(1)格式可以多样化。甚至可以以图表的形式出现。但总的原则是简洁明了.一目 了然。

(2)简历可以因个人情况不同而有差异,但大致应该包括以下几个方面的内容。

①个人资料(Personal Information)。包括简历人的姓名、性别、详细地址、邮编、电子邮件地址甚至国籍等。

②受教育情况(Education)乙列出就读的每所学校的名称和地址,学习的起止年月,尤其要突出与目前求职的工作紧密相关的课程。

③个人经历(Experience)。列出所有曾从事的工作,包括专职和兼职工作,乃至假期临时性的工作。从事每项工作的时间、雇主、职衔以及职责都应一一按顺序陈列清楚。

④附件(References),包括权威人士的证明信,或推荐信,或者说明附件备索。

三、范文分析

Resume Wang Mingda 1200 Sichuan Road,Chengdu Sichuan 610000 The People’s Republic of China Job objective:a position as a computer programmer Experience:Programming ——Skilled in computer programming.

Analysis——Developed skill in analyzing flow charts,programs,and systems

procedures.

Organization——Highly organized with demonstrated leadership skill in coordinating

and motivating team members.

Human Relations——Able to work well with people,work hard and make significant

contributions to an organization Education:Bachelor of science,Chongqing University,1994. Minor:Computer Science Work History:August,1995~August,1996,Engineer,Xinglong Electronics,Inc.Chongqing September,1994~July,1995,technician,Dongfang Computer Company,Chengdu Foreign Language:Studied English throughout the undergraduate years;Excellent reading

ability,good at translation and good spoken English Personal Data: Date of Birth:March 20,1971 Place of Birth:Chengdu,Sichuan Province,China Marital Status:Single

Health:Excellent Interests:Sports,theatre,reading Reference:Available upon request [分析] 这是四川成都市王明达的一份个人简历。整个简历虽然没有以表格形式出现,但布置整齐(主要项目实行左对齐)。包括六个方面的主要内容(Personal Information,Experience,Education,Work History,Foreign Language和Reference)。全面、系统地介绍了自己过去学习、工作的情况。在列出个人信息之后,明确列出了求职意向(Job objective)是a position as a computer progrmmner,让雇主一目了然。个人经历又分四项(Programming,Analysis,Organization,Human Relations)详细回顾任职资历,充分地向雇主证明了自己的能力。在教育一项中,突出了自己所获得的学位“Bachelor of Science,1994 Chongqing University”,所主攻的专业是“Computer Science“。然后进一步说明自己并非只具有专业知识,还兼有丰富的工作经验,曾在“Xinglong Electronics,Inc.Chongqing”担任“Engineer”一职,又曾作过"“Technician,Dongfang Computer Company,Chengdu”。最后,以所掌握的ForeignLanguage来证明自己除专业外,外语也学得不错,是一个全面发展的人才。

四、练习

根据以下中文信息写份英文简历。

姓名:约翰·史密斯

国籍:美国

目前所在地址:美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶市高街506号

电话:101—818—4575911

传真:010—818—4575912 32

出生日期:1964年4月9号

出生地点:纽约

已婚,生有一女。1970—1978年,在纽约Walshall Elementary School学习,1978~1982年在洛杉矶Lincoln High School学习,1982~1986年在University of California的Law School学习。上大学期间始终学习法语,具有很好的阅读能力,且擅长笔译,并能流利地交谈。从1986-1988年在加利福尼亚大学任助教,1988年至今在该大学任讲师。希望寻求一份律师工作,原因是本人一直渴望作律师,因为这工作不仅有趣,而且有助于提高工作能力,薪金也很诱人。[参考答案]

Resume Name:John Smith Present Address:506 High Street Los Angeles,California U.S.A.

Tel No:101—818—4575911

Fax No:O1O—818—4575912 Date of Birth: April 9th,1964

Place of Birth: New York Nationality: American

Marital Status:Married,1 daughter Education: 1970~1978;Walshall Elementary School N.Y.

篇6:高职高考数学考试答题技巧

1、多做历年高考数学真题,熟悉高考题套路

做题速度慢的大部分原因是对高考数学题目不熟练,造成对题目不熟的原因大概有这么三个:对知识点本身不熟悉、解题思路不熟悉(思维不熟)、分析能力不足。

2、熟悉基本的解题步骤和解题方法解题的过程,是一个思维的过程。对一些基本的、常见的问题,前人已经总结出了一些基本的解题思路和常用的解题程序,我们一般只要顺着这些解题的思路,遵循这些解题的步骤,往往很容易找到习题的答案。

3、审题要认真仔细,对于一道具体的习题,解题时最重要的环节是审题。审题的第一步是读题,这是获取信息量和思考的过程。读题要慢,一边读,一边想,应特别注意每一句话的内在涵义,并从中找出隐含条件。

4、合理分配数学答题时间,考试最主要的问题是速度,原则是“稳中求快,准确第一”,没有准确性的快更不可取。高考数学考试尽量从前往后做,但要合理分配时间基础题固然重要,但后面的大题分值也不小,所以要注意答题时间。

高考数学备考策略

1、重“双基”教学,通盘复习考点知识的基础上构建学生的知识网络

从近几年的考试题分析,“双基”的考查是重点,大题中对于考生的数学思想方法上的考查要求不高,因此,在教学中教师把一些重点考查知识按照某种线索把知识串起来,从而把知识系统化、结构化,形成良好的认知结构,抓好“双基”的教学,不要钻难题。

2、重点考查的知识点要重点复习

从近几年的考试题分析,大题的类型基本固定,三角函数、圆锥曲线、函数、数列及应用题是考查的重点题型,在教学中重点复习这几个部分的解答题,按专题复习是一种有效的教学方法。例如,在历年的解析几何题中,一般都是直线与某两种圆锥曲线的结合,求直线与某种圆锥曲线的交点或求圆锥曲线的方程。那么,在专题复习中,把曾经考过的解几题和可能考的类型都列出来,让学生把握各种可能的试题和相应的解题方法。

3、有效提高学生的运算能力

学生的运算能力是高职考试重点考查的内容,但是,从多年的阅卷来看,学生的运算能力较弱,需要重点培养。做到“基本的运算一遍就做对,复杂的运算多做几遍能做对。可以说,运算能力很大程度上决定了得分的高低。每天要求学生做10道题,其中选择、填空共8题,解答题2题。解答题要求学生写出详细的计算过程。日常训练主要针对解方程、解不等式、分数加减乘除、乘方、开方的运算、分母有理化等。

近几年高考数学常出现的问题

1、知识性的错误。高职高考主要考查学生的“双基”,在答卷中,学生出现的主要问题是知识性错误。例如,在07年试题中的第17题:已知向量 与向量 垂直,且 ,则 = ,本题主要考查基本的数学概念――数量积,可是不少考生忘记了数量积的公式,导致错误。

2、解题方法选择不当。在做解析几何的题目中,不会使用数形结合方法做题,导致容易出现错误。例如,20考题的第22题:已知中心在原点,焦点 在x轴上的椭圆C的离心率为 ,抛物线 的焦点是椭圆C的一个顶点。

(1)求椭圆C的方程;(2)已知过焦点 的直线l与 高考数学流行这么一句话“数学虐我千百遍,我待数学如初恋”高考数学应该具备哪些技巧才不会虐呢?下面由小编为大家整理高职高考数学技巧有关的资料,希望对大家有所帮助!

高考做题技巧

拿到试卷先做什么

拿到试卷首先要大体浏览一下,尽可能做到心中有数,因为后面的大题的知识点常常会在前面的小题中暗含一些,大体浏览,有时可起到意想不到的效果。一般说来,高考在发卷后四五分钟之内最好不要急着答题,考生应先检查试题的名称、页码顺序有无错误,每一页卷面是否清晰、完整,同时一定要听清监考老师提出的要求及更正试题错误之处。接着将试题浏览一遍,了解试题结构、题型、分量,当读到熟悉而有把握的试题时,应暗示自己,这里可以得分,树立信心,切忌把注意力集中在吃力的试题上。

切勿盲目争分夺秒

一般考生为了赶快做完试卷题目就分秒必争,做完一题之后,马上做下一题。虽然考试时间对考试结果影响很大,但是这种方法不妥当。因为回答一个问题的思考模式并不一定适合其他的问题,必须让头脑冷静下来。为了以新的思考模式去回答下一题,就必须暂停5至10秒钟,在心中暗示自己“又顺利解决一题”,同时认真地读下一道题。

弃车保帅,果断放弃

面对较长时间答不出的问题,就要先放弃,跳过之后先解决有把握做对的题。等完成一遍答题后,重新返回跳过的题,进行重点研究。但对于绝对答不出的题,就要果断放弃它,弃车保帅。而在会做的题上确保高分,才是高考获胜的战术。那么如何决定是否放弃呢?高分考生认为,决定放弃的时间是每道题所分配时间的二分之一。

必要时要学会 “蒙”

想出好几个似是而非的答案时要写出来,不要只在大脑中做比较。考试时一紧张,有些东西就会变得难以确认,遇到这样的情况不妨把答案都写下来比较,写成文字之后,每一个字都直接刺激眼睛,再以是否顺眼熟悉作为基准来判断,把握会比较大。

高考如何答题

字迹工整清晰,排版有层次----高考虽然没有卷面分,但是不清晰的卷面是不会得到很高的分数的。因为高考的卷子,评卷老师改的比较多,不可能逐步逐条的分析,如果在试卷中表达意思模模糊糊,字写的密密麻麻,再加上字迹还写的不工整。那么,评卷老师是不可能改很高的分数的。字迹本身就不讨评卷老师喜欢,再加上试卷还要抽查,大多数考生还写的模模糊糊,那么高考就比较失败了。所以字迹不需要多好,工整即可。排版清晰可以帮助评卷老师快速理解你表达的意思。

先做选择题,再做大题----高考的时候,由于前面的填空题比较难,所以很多学生选择先做大题,然后反过来再蒙几个选择题完事。这样做的结果可想而知。选择题的分数是硬性分数,而大题分数是软性分数。有些大题花费很多时间,可能还不如一道选择题。所以,考试一定要按步骤来,一步一个脚印。如果填空题太难可以先跳过去。

保持做题速度----高考时间比较紧张,考卷内容比较新颖。平时练习做的题都是见过的题,尚且时间不够用,遇到新题型,花费的时间肯定更多。不用过于紧张,可以先放弃几道题不做。想考出好成绩的学生总是放不下,平时填空题只不会一道两道,这次高考三四道都隔过去了。肯定感觉会受到情绪影响。但是如果确实是很难的题目。你在填空题上耽误时间太长,只会越来越紧张,从而导致功亏一篑。要适当放低心理预期。

灵活运用知识,加入自己见解----高中三年学的都是老师教的,很少融入自己的想法。但是高考题型比较活,仅仅按照老师教的模版做是远远不够的。在固定模版中加入自己的见解。只要你认为是符合答案的,不需要刻板。因为改卷老师的参考答案肯定也是非常灵活的。当然,前提是,抓住试题的重点。

简单的检查----高考做题时间紧张,等到检查试卷的时候,时间大概会剩下5到10分钟,这个时候进行复杂的检查是不可能的事情。这个时间是用来进行简单的检查的。首先就是检查姓名,考号等重要信息。高考试卷和答题卷都是要上交的。都要写好信息。其次检查答题卡,看看自己是否漏掉题目没有答。最后再检查曾经纠结的题目。

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