关于形容词和副词的比较级与最高级笔记-教师版_1478279854_5179

关于形容词和副词的比较级与最高级笔记-教师版_1478279854_5179（通用7篇）

篇1：关于形容词和副词的比较级与最高级笔记-教师版_1478279854_5179

一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则

1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;

(1)单音节词

如：small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest

tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest

(2)双音节词

如：clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest

2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;

如：large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest

3.在重读闭音节(即：辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;

如：big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest

4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;

如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest

busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest

5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;

如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful

different→more different→most different

easily→more easily→most easily

注意：(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用.

例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

(2) 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示“非常”.

It is a most important problem.

=It is a very important problem.

6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记.

如：good→better→best well→better→best

bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst

old→older/elder→oldest/eldest

many/much→more→most little→less→least

far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest

二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法

1.“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”.

如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高.

注意：

① 在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较.

②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”.

如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.

③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级.

2.“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”

如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.

春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了.

It is getting cooler and cooler.

天气越来越凉爽.

The wind became more and more heavily.

风变得越来越大.

Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.

我们的学校变得越来越美丽.

3.在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式.

如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高,Tim还是Tom?

4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”.

The more money you make, the more you spend.

钱你赚得越多,花得越多.

The sooner,the better.

越快越好.

5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：

①. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.

如：The new building is three times the height of the old one.

这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍.(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)

②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.

如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.

亚洲是欧洲的四倍大.(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)

③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.

如：Our school is twice bigger than yours.

我们学校比你们学校大两倍.

6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思.

句子中有表示范围的词或短语.如：of the three, in our class等等.

如：He is the tallest in our class.

他在我们班里是最高的.

7.“否定词语+比较级”,“否定词语+ so… as”结构表示最高级含义.

Nothing is so easy as this.

=Nothing is easier than this.

=This is the easiest thing.

8. 比较级与最高级的转换：

Mike is the most intelligent in his class.

Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class

7.修饰比较级和最高级的词

1)可修饰比较级的词

①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等.

②. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语.

③. 以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面.

注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内.

(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.

(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.

2)下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almost.

This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.

注意：

a. very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同.

This is the very best.

This is much the best.

b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级.

Africa is the second largest continent.

8.要避免重复使用比较级.

(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.

(对) He is more clever than his brother.

(对) He is cleverer than his brother.

9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中.

(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.

(对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.

10.要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则.

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

11.要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词.

比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?

Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?

She is taller than her two sisters.

She is the taller of the two sisters.

篇2：关于形容词和副词的比较级与最高级笔记-教师版_1478279854_5179

当两种物体之间相互比较时，我们要用形容词或副词的比较级；

当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时，我们就要用形容词或副词的最高级。

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律： 1.单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-est tall—taller—tallest fast—faster—fastest 2.以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或-st large—larger—largest nice—nicer—nicest 3.以-y结尾的形容词或副词，改-y为-i再加-er或-est busy—busier—busiest early—earlier—earliest 4.形容词或副词是重读闭音节时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot—hotter—hottest big—bigger—biggest 5.多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more或most delicious—more delicious—most delicious beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful 6.不规则变化

good(well)—better—best bad(badly)—worse—worst

常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: bad worse worst far farther(further)farthest（只指距离）(furthest)（用处较广）good better best little less least many／much more most old elder(older)eldest（仅指人）(oldest)（指人和物）形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示“较不”和“最不” important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要

farther／farthest和further／furthest这些形式都可以指距离。further同样可以指“另外的／更多的”，主要和抽象名词一起用：

Further education will be meaningful．很快会得到更多的供应。

Further discussion would be pointless．继续讨论／辩论是无意义的。I am too tired to go farther.elder，eldest；older，oldest elder和eldest主要表示的是长幼顺序而非年龄大小。主要用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系，如my elder brother（我的兄长／哥哥），her eldest boy／girl（她的长子／长女）。但在than前不能用elder，只能用older： He is older than I am．他比我年龄大。

A、形容词的原级可与as„as连用表示“和„„同样„„”，与not as／so„as连用表不“不如„„那样„„”：

A boy of sixteen is often as tall as his father．一个16岁的男孩常长得和他父亲一样高。He was as white as a sheet．他面色苍白如纸。

Your coffee is not as／so good as my mother’s．你煮的咖啡不如我母亲煮的好。

几个关于as...as的常见句型：

(1)as...as possible 尽

可能

Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。

(2)as...as usual/before 像往常一样 像以前一样

She looks as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮。

(3)长达as long as...(引导条件状语从句)只要

It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan.我们花了长达三年的时间才完成这项计划。

(4)as far as 远至

He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火车站。

(5)as well as

She cooks as well as her mother does.她烧菜烧得跟她母亲一样好。

一些带有as...as结构的常见短语归纳：

as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌

as easy as ABC像ABC一样容易

as deep as a well像井一样深

as light as a feather像羽毛一样轻

as soft as butter像黄油一样软

as rich as a Jew像犹太人一样富裕

形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。Our teacher is than we are.我们老师的个子比我们的高。

It is today than it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。

This picture is than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮。

This meeting is than that one.这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is than the moon.太阳比月亮大得多。

形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。

She is student her class.她是班上最好的学生。

Shanghai is one of cities China.上海是中国最大城市之一 This is apple I have ever met.这是我见到的最大的苹果。

Tom is boy in his basketball team.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。

2．“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越„„”

如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。

It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。

The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。

Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。

3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。

如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?

4.“the +比较级„„, the+比较级”，表示“越„„越„„”。

The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。

The harder you work,the more you get.The sooner，the better.越快越好。

5.如果在两者之间表示“最„„”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：

John is the cleverer of the two boys.Of the two boys, John is the cleverer

6.表示倍数的比较级用法：

① A is „times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)

③.A is „times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。

7.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最„„”的意思。

句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。

如：He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的。

8.比较级与最高级的转换：

Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class 9.修饰比较级

①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even等。very quite

注意事项：比较等级应注意避免和包括自己的对象比。比较级+than+

any other + 单数名词 all the other + 复数名词 anyone else any of the other + 复数名词

要避免重复使用比较级。

(错)He is more cleverer than his brother.(对)He is more clever than his brother.(对)He is cleverer than his brother.9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

(错)China is larger than any country in Asia.(对)China is larger than any other country in Asia.10.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.He likes playing chess more than watching TV.与看电视相比，他更喜欢下棋

It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.1.Summer is _______(hot)season of the year.2.Shanghai is one of _______(big)cities in the world.3.The Huanghe River isn’t so _______(long)as the Changjiang River.4.Who is _______(tall), the girl or the boy? 5.I think English is _______(interesting)than math.6.The more, the _______(good).7.The people’s life in Southern Africa is getting _______ and _______(bad).8.Things are much _______(light)on the moon than on the earth.9.He is _______(old)of the two brothers.10.The car driver is very _______(careful)when he is driving.1.Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______(clever).2.Gold(黄金)is ______(little)useful than iron(铁).3.My sister is two years _______(old)than I.4.John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____(young)child.5.The _____(cheap)bags are the not usually the best ones.6.The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five.7.The boy is not so ______(interesting)as his brother.8.Dick sings _____(well), she sings ______(well)than John, but Mary sings______(well)in her class.9.She will be much ______(happy)in her mew house.10.This dress is ______ that.(twice, as„as„, expensive)

1.Bob never does his homework_____ Mary.He makes lots of mistakes.A.so careful as B.as carefully as C.carefully as D.as careful as 2.___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.A.The best;the more B.The more;the less C.The more;less D.More;the more 3.I like___ one of the two books.A.the older B.oldest C.the oldest D.older 4.China has a large population than __ in the world.A.all the countries B.every country C.any country D.any other country 5.Which is___country, China or Japan? A.the large B.the larger C.larger D.largest 6.The sick boy is getting __ day by day.A.worse B.bad C.badly C.worst 7.This necklace looks __ and sells.A.well, well B.good, nice C.nice, good D.nice, well 8.Of the two cups, he bought.A.the smaller B.the smallest C.small D: smaller 9.Usually Xiao Li spends __ time doing homework than XiaoChen does.A.little B less C.few D.fewer 10.A horse is __ than a dog.A.much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier D.more heavy 11.Which is __ season in Beijing? I think it’s spring.A.good B.well C.best D.the best 12.What animal do like ___? I like all kinds of animals.A.better B.best C.very D.well 13.Hainan is a very large island.It’s the second island in China.A.large B.larger C.largest D.most large 14.The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it.A.much B.little C.expensive D.cheap 15.Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.A.more B.quite C.very D.much 16.These children are ____ this year than they were last year.A.more tall B.more taller C.very taller D.much taller 17.My mother is no ___ young.A.shorter B.longer C.little D.few 18.Your room is ___ than mine.A.three time big B.three times big C.three times bigger D.bigger three times 19.His father is____than his mother.;A.older four years B.as four years older C.four years older D.bigger four years 20.Maths is more popular than____.A.any other subject B.all the subjects C.any subject D.other subject 21.China is larger than ____ in Africa.A.any other country B.other countries C.the other country D.any country 22.I think science is _ than Japanese.A.much important B.important C.much more important D.more much important 23.When spring comes, it gets____.A.warm and warm B.colder and colder C.warmer and warmer D.shorter and shorter 24.I think the story is not so ___ as that one.A.interesting B.interested C.more interesting D.most interesting 25.At last he began to cry ___.A.hard and hard B.more hard and more hard C.harder and harder D.less hard and less harder 26.When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.A.short;long B.long;short C.longer;shorter D.shorter;longer 27.___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.A.The best;the more B.The more;the less C.The more;less D.More;the more 28.___ he read the book, ____ he got in it.A.The more;the more interesting B.The less;the more interesting C.The more;the more interested D.More;more interested 30.When we speak to people, we should be.A.as polite as possible B.as polite as possibly C.as politely as possible D.as politely as possibly 31.This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.A.as difficult as;expensive B.as more difficult as;more expensive C.as difficult as;more expensive D.more difficult as;as expensive()32.Who jumped____of all? A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the most far()33.Li Lei is___ student in our class.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.the tallest()34.The fifth orange is____ of all.Give it to that small child.A.big B.bigger C.the bigger D.the biggest()35.Who is---of you three? A.the oldest B.much older C.oldest D.older()36.Tom is one of ____ boys in our class.A.tallest B.taller C.the tallest B.the tall()37.English is one of____ spoken in the world.A.the important languages B.the most important languages C.most important language D.the most important language()38.Beijing is one of____ in China.A.the largest city B.the large cities C.the larger cities D.the largest cities（）

39、We are very ________ at the ________ message.A、surprising, surpried

B、surprised, surprising

C、surprise, surprised

（）40、After the _______ job, we felt very ________.A、tiring, tired

B、tired, tiring

C、tire, tiring

篇3：关于形容词和副词的比较级与最高级笔记-教师版_1478279854_5179

(形容词与付词的比较级和最高级)

Tall

fat I am tall.I am taller than you(are tall).这个女孩比那个女孩胖。The girl is fatter than that one.这个女孩比那个女孩漂亮。

The girl is more beautiful than that one.这个男孩比那个男孩聪明。

The boy is more clever than that one.不规则容形词与付词

good

better well

better many

more much

more bad

worse

我学英语比他好。

I study English harder than he

形容词与付词的最高级

I am the tallest in our class.我是我们班最高的。

I am more beautiful than she.我比她漂亮。

I am the most beautiful in our class.我是我们班最漂亮的。

不规则容形词与付词

good

better

best well

better

best many

more

most much

more

most bad

worse

worst

He is the best student in our class.他是我们班最好的学生。

课堂练习

(请同学们暂停，先做练习,再听课，这一点非常重要。)1:我们老师的那本书比他们老师的书好，孙老师的书是最好的。2:地球比月亮大，太阳比地球大，哪一个最大？ 3：你知道哪一个是最大的？地球、月亮、还是太阳？

4: 你们班的那个女孩比我们班的那个女孩吃的多，我是我们班吃的最多的，你知道全校谁吃的最多的吗？ 5：你知道他爸比他妈还年轻吗？ 6：我认为我妈比我爸还懒lazy。

7：你知道为什么我比我们班老师还聪明吗? 8：你爸爸和你妈妈的钱包哪一个更大？ 9：我认为我们班长比以前更傻。

10: 这个电影比那个电影更有意思interesting.课堂答案

1:我们老师的那本书比他们老师的书好，孙老师的书是最好的。Our teacher’s book is better than their teacher’s and Teacher sun’ s book is the best.2:地球比月亮大，太阳比地球大，哪一个最大？

The earth is bigger than the moon.The sun is bigger than the earth.Which is the biggest? 3：你知道哪一个是最大的, 地球 月亮 还是太阳？

Do you know which is biggest, the moon, the earth and the sun? 4: 你们班的那个女孩比我们班的那个女孩吃的多，我是我们班吃的最多的，你知道全校谁吃的最多的吗？

The girl of your class eats more than that one of my class.I eat most in my class.Do you know who eats in your school? 5：你知道他爸比他妈还年轻吗？

Do you know his father is younger than his mother? 6：我认为我妈比我爸还懒lazy I think my mother is lazier than my father.▲ 由连词that、if、whether 引导的名词性从句

I don’t know that he studies English hard.I don’t know if he studies English hard.I don’t know whether he studies English hard or not.I don’t know if he will be our teacher.I don’t know who studies English I don’t know what you study.I don’t know whose sister studies English I don’t know whose sister you love.I don’t know how much money he has.I don’t know how many daughters he has.完整：that

是否： If

whether… or not

东西：what 谁：

who 谁的：whose

那一个: which

多少： How many

How much

为什么：why

怎么: how

在哪：where

什么时间：when

I am glad that…… I am sorry that…… I am sure that……

课堂练习

(请同学们暂停，先做练习,再听课，这一点非常重要。)7：你知道为什么我比我们班老师还聪明吗? 8：你爸爸和你妈妈的钱包哪一个更大？ 9：我认为我们班长比以前更傻。

篇4：关于形容词和副词的比较级与最高级笔记-教师版_1478279854_5179

规则变化

（1）一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级＋er，最高级＋est 如：

clever－cleverer－cleverest few－fewer－fewest small－smaller－smallest等

（2）以e结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st即可

如：

nice－nicer－nicest cute－cuter－cutest large－larger－largest（3）以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i＋er或est 如：

easy－easier－easiest happy－happier－happiest 再如：early , busy , heavy , dirty , lazy.也如此（4）双写最后一个辅音字母＋er或est的词同学要用心去记。1.fat－fatter－fattest 2.thin－thinner－thinnest 3.hot－hotter－hottest 4.red－redder－reddest 5.wet－wetter－wettest 6.big－bigger－biggest（5）多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前＋more构成比较级，＋the most构成最高级。如：

beautiful －more beautiful － the most beautiful.delicious , popular , important , interesting , expensive 双音节的词如

careful－more careful －the most careful useful －more useful －the most useful.少数单音节词也是这样如：

篇5：关于形容词和副词的比较级与最高级笔记-教师版_1478279854_5179

1.One day they crossed the ___bridge behind the palace.A.old Chinese stone B.Chinese old stone C.old stone Chinese D.Chinese old stone 1． The two sisters are very much____in appearance.A.like B.equal C.similiar D.alike 2．---What do you think of the movie?

---I doubt whether we will see it next time.It couldn’t have been _____in fact.A.so bad B.any better C.the best D.any worse 4.-----Why didn’t you buy the camera you had longed for?

-----I had planned to, but I was $50____.A.fewer B.less C.cheap D.short 5.A rough estimate, Nigeria is ____Great Britain.A.three times the size as B.the size three times of C.three times as the size of D.three times the size of 6.Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ____she was getting.A.heavier B.heavy C.the heavier D.the heaviest 7.Is the dictionary you were talking about_________ ? I’d like to have one.A.reasonable B.available C.responsible D.fashionable 8.After we compared the two, we find this design is ____that one.A.more superior to B.far superior than C.more superior than D far superior to 9.What a bad job you have done!Your boss will be ____with it.A.far from satisfying B.far from satisfied

C.from far satisfied D.far from being satisfying

10.When you make a decision to buy something, you must remember that a good name of product doesn’t ___mean good quality of it.A.purposefully B.simply C.necessarily D.essentially 11.Classical music achieve a simplicity that only a genius can create, ___popular belief that it is too complex.A.subject to B.contrary to C.familiar to D.similar to 12．While fruit juices do contain vitamins, they are _________fresh fruit, which contains a lot of fiber.A.as healthy as B.no healthier than C.less healthy than D.healthier than 13.I think this exhibition is ____of the two.I have never seen______exhibition.A.by far better;the better B.far better;a better C.by far the better;a better D.far the better;a better 14.--Have you read the book?

--Yes.But that one is ___worth reading.A.best B.more C.better D.much 15.When I took his temperature, I found it was two degrees above ___.A.average B.ordinary C.common

篇6：形容词和副词的比较

一、同级比较的特殊点

在as ... as1结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。例如：

她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。

[误] She is as a good teacher as your father.

[正] She is as good a teacher as your father.

二、比较级的特殊句型

1. “the + 比较级 + of the two”表示“两者中较……的一个”。例如：

Wang Gang2 is the taller of the two boys.

2. “比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more + 多音节形容词或副词原级”。例如：

The days are getting longer and longer.

English is becoming more and more important3.

3. “The + 比较级……， the + 比较级……”表示“越……越……”。例如：

The busier he is, the happier he feels.

三、最高级的特殊句型

1. “one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”表示“最……之一”。例如：

China is one of the largest countries in the world.

2. “the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数可数名词”表示“第几……”。例如：

The Yellow River is the second longest river of China.

3. 当最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，其前不加the;若两个最高级并列使用，后一个最高级前也可以不加the。例如：

He is our best friend.

Liu Fang4 is the youngest and shortest girl in our class.

四、级与级之间的转换

1. 原级与比较级转换的常见句型：

① not so (as) +单音节形容词或副词+ as → 单音节形容词或副词的反义词比较级 + than。例如：

Tom is not so(as) tall as John.

→ Tom is shorter than John.

② not so (as) + 多音节形容词或副词 + as → less5 + 多音节形容词或副词原级 + than。例如：

Tom is not so(as) careful as Mary.

→ Tom is less careful than Mary.

2. 比较级间的转换：常改变比较对象的位置并使用形容词或副词的反义词。例如：

John is younger6 than Bill7.

→ Bill is older than John.

Li Mei comes earlier than Ma Hong every day.

→ Ma Hong comes later8 than Li Mei every day.

3. 比较级转换为最高级的常见句型：

① 比较级+than + any other + 单数名词。例如：

Zhang Lei is taller than any other student in his class.

→ Zhang Lei is the tallest student in his class.

② 比较级 + than + the other + 复数名词。例如：

Mike is younger than the other boys in his class.

→ Mike is the youngest boy in his class.

③ 比较级 + than + anyone9 else。例如：

Mr Smith is fatter than anyone else in his office.

→ Mr Smith is the fattest in his office.

扩展：名词变复数变化规则综述

一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。

读音变化：结尾是清辅音读[s]，结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。

例：friend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces

二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。

读音变化：统一加读[iz]。

例：bus→buses; quiz→quizzes; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash→flashes

三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es。

读音变化：加读[z]。

例：candy→candies; daisy→daisies; fairy→fairies; lady→ladies; story→stories

四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。

读音变化：加读[z]。

例：tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes; torpedo→torpedoes; bingo→bingoes

反例：silo→silos; piano→pianos(外来词); photo→photos; macro→macros(缩写词)

五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。

读音变化：尾音[f]改读[vz]。

例：knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves; staff→staves; scarf→scarves

反例：roof→roofs

六、以-us结尾的名词(多为外来词)，通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。

读音变化：尾音[Es]改读[ai]，其中[kEs]要改读为[sai]，[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。

例：fungus→fungi; abacus→abaci; focus→foci; cactus→cacti; cestus→cesti

七、以-is结尾的名词，通常将-is改变为-es。

读音变化：尾音[is]改读[i:z]。

例：axis→axes; basis→bases; naris→nares; hypothesis→hypotheses; restis→restes

八、以-ix结尾的名词，通常将-ix改变为-ices，但有例外。

读音变化：尾音[iks]改读[isi:z]。

例：matrix→matrices; directrix→directrices; calix→calices; appendix→appendices 反例：affix→affixes

九、以-um结尾的名词，将-um改变为-a。

读音变化：去掉鼻尾音[m]。

例：forum→fora; stadium→stadia; aquarium→aquaria; datum→data; vacuum→vacua

十、以-a结尾的名词，在该词末尾加上后辍-e。

读音变化：尾音[E]改读[i:]。

例：larva→larvae; formula→formulae; ala→alae; media→mediae; hydra→hydrae

十一、部分单词的复数形式不变。

读音变化：保持原音。

例：fish→fish; sheep→sheep; cattle→cattle; deer→deer; salmon1→salmon

十二、极少数单词，其复数形式没有任何规律。

读音变化：没有规律。

例：man→men; woman→women; child→children; person→people; ox→oxen

十三、一些单数词得加en才能变成复数词：

例：ox→oxen; child→children; brother→brethren

十四、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词

例：analysis→analyses分析; basis→bases基础; datum→data数据; foot→feet;

formula→formulae/formulas公式; goose→geese; louse→lice虱子; man→men

mouse→mice; medium→media/mediums媒介; memorandum→memoranda/memorandums备忘录;

parenthesis→parentheses 圆括号; phenomenon→phenomena现象; radius→radii 半径

tooth→teeth; woman→women

十五、有些名词是单数、复数不分的

例：deer; fish; cannon2; sheep; salmon 鲑鱼; trout3 鳟鱼

十六、一些名词虽分单数、复数，但出现次数多的总是单数词

例：abscence; clothing; film; help; furniture家具; machinery4机械; news; scenery风景; sugar;

traffic交通

十七、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多

例：bellows风箱; clothes; police; shorts短裤; scissors剪刀; spectacles眼镜; shears6大剪刀

trousers长裤; wages工资

十八、compound nouns，这类复数词是以主要的名词来表示

例：daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law 媳妇; father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父

man-of-war→men-of-war兵舰; maid-servant→maid-servants

step-son→step-sons晚子; son-in-law→sons-in-law

十九、若表达具体数目，要借助数量词

例：pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers

二十、另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，

例：goods货物，waters水域，fishes(各种)鱼

二十一、除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。

篇7：关于形容词和副词的比较级与最高级笔记-教师版_1478279854_5179

1.形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词。在句中主要做定语和表语等成分。做定语时修饰名词或代词（一般为不定代词），修饰名词时常放于名词前，修饰不定代词时常放于不定代词后，做表语时和系动词（简称系词）连用，构成一个系表结构。例如： Can you hear the loud noise?（定语）The noise is very loud.（表语）The quiet girl is my sister.（定语）My sister looks very quiet.（表语）

2.常和形容词连用构成系表结构的连系动词有： look（看起来，看上去），feel（感觉），taste（尝起来），smell（闻起来），get（变得），turn（变），become（成为，变得），sound（听起来）等。

例如：The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来很香。The soup taste nice.3.副词是用以修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句的词 例如： The men and the women walk quickly.这些男女走得很快。The children walk slowly.孩子们走得很慢。1．原级的构成和用法

l)构成：形容词，副词的原级形式是形容词，副词的原形．

2)用法：表示双方在程度，性质，特征等某方面相等时，用“ as 十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“ not so(as)十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数十 as十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构． 例如：This building looks not so(as)high as that one． Ms．Sun speaks English as well as you． This room is three times as large as that one.2．比较级的构成和用法 1)比较级和最高级的构成：

①单音节形容词以及少数以-er，-ow结尾的形容词和副词加“ er”/ “est” great greater narrow narrower fast faster clever cleverer ②以 e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以-ble，-ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词后，加“ r”，.large larger able abler simple simpler ③以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词，其前的元音字母发短元音时，该辅音字母要双写，然后加“ er”，“.hot hotter ④以辅音加 y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加 ly构成的副词要将 y改为 i，再加“ er”，easy easier early earlier happy happier ⑤一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前

beautiful more beautiful carefully more carefully ⑥少数单音节形容词也加 more和 most构成比较级。tired more tired pleased more pleased ⑦下列形容词、副词的比较级可有两种构成方法．

cruel crueler more cruel often oftener more often strict stricter more strict friendly friendlier more friendly ⑧下列形容词，副词的比较级的构成不规则．

good，well better bad, ill worse many，much more little less far farther further old elder／older 2)比较级的用法

①双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级十 than”的结构表示． 例如： This pen is better than that one.②表示一方不及另一方时，用“ less十原级十 than”的结构表示．例如： This room is less beautiful than that one．

③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较前加表示程度的状语，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far，yet，by far等修饰． 例如：He works even harder than before．

注意：英语的比较级前如无 even，still，或 yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“„„一些”或不译出，一般不可用“更”，如： She is better than she was yesterday．她比昨天好些了． Please come earlier tomorrow． 请明天早点来． 注意：by far通常用于强调最高级．用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“ the”．如 He is taller by far than his brother He is by far the taller of the two brothers.④表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“ the 十比较级(主语十谓语)，the 十比 较级(主语十谓语)”的结构．

例如： The harder he works，the happier he feels．

⑤不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级十 and十比较级”的结构．如： The weather is getting colder and colder.The girl becomes more and more beautiful．

⑥某些以一or结尾的形容词进行比较时，用 to代替 than．(这些词有inferior，superior，junior，senior，prior等．例如：

He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics．

⑦在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用 that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物，one既可指人，也可指物．that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词.例如：

The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood． ⑧表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：

A)A is three(four，ete)times the size(height，length，width，ete)of B 例如； The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one． 这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三倍])．