雅思写作论据

2024-07-21

雅思写作论据(精选6篇)

篇1:雅思写作论据

The Cloning Technology

1. Cloning is unnatural and not ethically correct.

2. Cloning creates serious issues of identify and individuality and forces humans to consider the definition of self.

3. It leads to the psychological harms on cloned human children. One of those harms is the loss of identify, or sense of uniqueness and individuality.

4. The strongest ethical argument against cloning is that it could lead to a new, unfamiliar type of family relationship.

5. Another argument against cloning is that it would be available only to the wealthy and therefore would increase social inequality.

篇2:雅思写作论据

Benefits:

1. Fitness: Biking let you incorporate low stress aerobic exercise into your daily commute.

2. Parking: Forget about parking headache. Riding a bicycle lets you park much closer to your destination than a car.

3. The environment benefits include reduced pollution and reduced resource consumption (less material, fuel, and infrastructure ).

4. Bicycles increase mobility for those who don’t have access to motor transport (who don’t qualify to drive a car).

5. Reduce energy consumption.

6. One of the most positive impacts of bicycling is improved health.

7. Moderate exercise such as bicycling can offer major health benefits.

8. Beyond physical health, bicycling helps to relieve; to fight off depression and anxiety; and to enhance your sense of well-being.

9. It is also a lot more economical to ride a bike than to drive a car.

雅思写作论据:How to Solve the Traffic Problem

How to Solve the Traffic Problem

Present Situation and Cause:

1. Every day there are many traffic jams everywhere, causing great inconveniences to people’s daily lives.

2. Too many cars running on the streets lead to air pollution and noise pollution.

3. There are more vehicles than the streets can accommodate.

4. The construction of new roads is very slow.

5. Many drivers do not obey regulation. People lack adequate awareness of the seriousness of traffic problem.

Solutions:

1. More and Wider roads should be laid down to relieve the traffic congestion .

2. Build more underground railway and tunnels and underpass .

3. Issue stricter traffic laws and regulations, impose more severe and harsher penalty on the violator .

4. Raise the public awareness of the traffic regulations. Popularize the education of traffic regulations; improve the quality of the citizens.

5. Build up better public transportation systems, including buses, trains and subway, will encourage more people to use them rather than drive their own cars.

雅思写作论据:Littering/ Rubbish Problem

Littering/ Rubbish Problem

Present Situation:

1. The roads scattered with all sorts of trash are a disgrace and the railway line are littered with decaying rubbish.

2. One third of all waste produced is made up of packaging materials.

3. Litter attracts vermin , causes a fire hazard, pollutes waterways and detracts from the amenity of public parks and gardens.

4. What we are doing now is wasteful of resources and unfriendly to the environment.

5. People show an appalling disregard for the environment. They have no respect for the environment.

6. We lack adequate facilities to dispose of rubbish of all kinds. For instance, not many dustbins are seen along streets.

7. The quickening tempo of modern lifestyle also contributes partly to the increasing rubbish problem, because many people prefer takeaway fast food and the use of disposable items for the convenience’s sake.

8. Disposable packaging and items become fashionable these days, from baby nappies to milk cartons to burger wrappers .

9. We are now living in a consumer-oriented society.

Solutions:

1. Public activities should be sponsored by government to promote the public awareness of environmental protection. Make sure that everyone is a conscious preserver.

2. Our government should take stronger and harsher measures to combat the littering behavior.

3. Use environmentally-friendly materials.

4. Minimally packaged goods should be encouraged.

5. The rubbish should be classified scientifically so that the procedure can achieve high efficiency.

6. People should learn to recycle. For instance, we should set up bins around town to collect glass, paper, and aluminum that can be converted back into raw materials, then made them into new products.

雅思写作论据:Should Smoking Be Banned in All Public Places?

Should Smoking Be Banned in All Public Places?

1. Second-hand tobacco smoke can be deadly as well.

2. Cigarette smoke contains about 4000 chemicals, about 50 of which are known cancer-causing agents .

3. Only one smoker makes a majority, as the smoker spreads and fills all space available.

4. Governments should pass law to protect people and place controls on actions that harm others.

5. Damaging one’s health is viewed as a personal liberty; damaging some one else’s health may not.

6. Smoking in public places constitutes a real hazard to non-smokers.

7. Smoking endangers people’s health. Smokers are more likely to suffer from bronchitis and lung cancer and have a higher risk of developing other kinds of cancer.

8. Smoking may pose a potential fire hazard for smokers are careless about the cigarette butts.

9. Smoking may cause diseases such as cancers and bronchitis.

10. For years cigarettes have been known to cause cancer, emphysema , and other horrible illnesses.

11. Smoking not only does harm to the health of smokers but also affects the health of non-smokers around them because non-smokers are forced to take in some poisonous substances which smokers blow into the air.

12. Families could save money by not purchasing cigarettes; and accidental fires costing millions of dollars caused by cigarettes would cease.

13. With every cigarette you smoke, you are causing damage to your health.

篇3:议论文写作中怎样选择事例论据

一、事例论据在议论文写作中的重要性

道理论据, 指的是用来作为论据理论, 它们来源于实践, 且被实践证明是正确的。包括名言警句、科学道理以及成语俗语。

事实论据, 包括具体事实, 即现实生活中的典型事例, 中外史实, 还有科学数据。

人们常说“事实胜于雄辩”, 一组典型的事例, 往往可以产生超过长篇大论的说服力, 收到强有力的论证效果, 正因如此, 例证法成了大家写作议论文的首选方法。但要运用好例证法, 充分发挥事例论据的效果, 首先必须选好事例材料, 其次还要运用好事例材料。

二、事例论据的选择必须注意以下四个关键点:

(一) 要注重事例的真实性

作为论据的事例, 本身必须是真实的。也就是说所选事例在历史上, 或社会生活中确有其事, 不能为了写作的需要去杜撰一个并不存在的事例, 也不能将原有事实夸大或缩小。失真的事例论据是收不到理想的论证效果的。

如有些同学因为平时不注重素材的积累, 写作时仅凭零星记忆, 编些故事不像故事, 寓言不像寓言的材料, 动不动就是“古时候有个年轻人……”, “英国有一个古老的传说……”, 这样建立在编造基础上的论据是站不住脚的;还有些因为记忆混淆, 运用事例时常出现张冠李戴或夸大缩小的现象, 造成论据失真。论证不力。

如有同学论证生命力顽强时用到胡杨这则材料, “死亡之海———沙漠的生命之魂胡杨具有极强的生命力, 活三百年不死, 死三百年不倒, 倒三百年不朽。”显然这则论据出了知识性错误, 正确的说法应该是“活三千年不死, 死三千年不倒, 倒三千年不朽。”这种错误性的论据不但不能收到好的论证效果, 还会贻笑大方。可见, 要使事例论据具有一定的说服力, 充分发挥其论证效果, 就必须确保事例的真实性。

(二) 要注重事例与论点的吻合性

事例论据与论点的吻合, 就是要求事例与论点高度统一, 即所选材料必须能充分证明论点。也就是要选最符合论点需要, 能为证明论点服务的事例。学生在运用事例论据进行议论文写作时, 常见的毛病之一就是事例论据与论点的脱节、或二者仅有些藕断丝连。毫无疑问这样的论据是缺乏说服力的, 这样的论据用得越多, 越是浪费笔墨。要克服这一毛病, 就要求我们在选择论据时多思考多分析, 准确把握论点的中心意思, 对所掌握的材料进行筛选, 区别不同材料所蕴含的主旨的细微差别, 选择与论点吻合一致的材料。

例如从下列四则材料中选出适合论点“通向理想的道路是充满艰辛的”的论据。

A、钱学森为航天事业, 奉献终身。

B、彭老总冒着危险, 为民请命。

C、司马迁忍受宫刑, 艰苦创作。

D、曹雪芹家道衰落, 举家食粥, 坚持写作《红楼梦》。

上述四则材料蕴含的主旨是有较大差别的。“艰辛”即“艰苦”之意, A项钱学森的事例主旨侧重于“奉献”, 虽然在一生的奉献中免不了“艰辛”。但这不是材料的主旨所在。与论点只是藕断丝连的关系;B项彭老总是“冒着危险”, 并不等同于“艰辛”, 与论点基本没有联系;司马迁、曹雪芹的遭遇、经历才真正体现他们为实现理想所遭受的“艰苦”。C、D两项材料与论点高度统一。

(三) 要注重事例的典型性

所谓典型, 就是指所选材料要具有代表性, 所选材料不是一个极特殊、偶然的现象。另外, 如果一连用数个事例, 就不要光用单一方面的事例, 应力争代表各个方面。有些学生不明白这一点, 写议论文时总爱用一些“我初中有一位同学……”, “我村有一位青年……”之类的论据, 显然这类论据是毫无说服力的。

如有同学在写“压力与成功”的话题作文时, 为了证明“善于化压力为动力往往能使我们绝处逢生, 取得成功”这一论点时, 这样写道:“我们班有一男生, 第一次考试成绩很不理想, 面对众多高手给自己的压力。他没有气馁, 而是认真苦学, 最后期末考试名列前茅。”语段中所选事例无从考证, 无典型性代表性可言, 纯属根据临时需要编造出来的 (即使不是编造的同样缺乏典型性) , 因此也就缺乏说服力了。

同样是写上述话题, 证明同样的论点, 下面的语段表达效果就不一样了。“大家可能还记得2000年悉尼奥运会上, 占旭刚面对强大的对手那句掷地有声的豪言:‘今天就死这儿了!’但他并没有死, 他获得了世界冠军。他是把强大的压力变成了强大的动力。使自己站立了起来, 站在了冠军的领奖台上。背水一战的韩信, 破釜沉舟的项羽, 他们面对的是死神施加的压力, 但他们把这种压力变成了战斗的动力, 压力使他们成了历史英雄, 而我认为, 他们本来就是英雄。如果这样的压力加在一个懦夫身上, 也许早就投降或自杀了。”语段中选了三个事例, 其中占旭刚属举重名将、奥运冠军, 为世人所熟知;韩信, 项羽为历史英雄豪杰, 更是代代相传, 三则材料有体育方面的, 有军事方面的。范围广, 时间跨度大, 其典型程度不言而喻, 其说服力不容置疑。只有选取这类典型论据才能收到很好的论证效果。

(四) 要注重事例的新颖性

俗话说“宁咬鲜桃一口, 不吃烂杏半筐”, 事例论据选择同样要求具有新颖性。所谓新颖的事例论据一方面指不要用别人经常用的例子作论据, 另一个意思就是要用充满时代气息的例子。在这一点上学生往往做得很不理想。因为大家的生活圈子小, 接触新事物的机会不多, 为了应付写作的需要往往是背诵一些“经典”论据, 因此写起文章来, “古董味”很浓。据统计湖南2005~2007年高考。考生写作的议论文。用得最多的论据就是“司马迁、陶渊明、苏轼、李白”等。这些材料虽然经典, 用多了就令读者、评委乏味了。

下面以作文“谈‘韧’的精神”为例, 为了证明中心论点“人没有一股韧劲是什么事也干不成的”, 有同学这样写道:“司马迁受宫刑之后。写下了被称为‘史家之绝唱, 无韵之离骚’的《史记》。试想, 他如果不是发愤图强, 以身残之躯跋山涉水, 遍访民间, 博览群书, 数十年如一日地搜集整理, 笔耕不辍, 哪里会有这部巨著的问世!张海迪在身体瘫痪三分之

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这就要求教师在教案的设计、新课的导入、设计的问题、知识的传授、疑难的化解、情境的创设、高潮的营造、以及能力的训练等环节中, 一切从学生出发, 把学生的生理心理特点、学生的理解认知水平, 学生的学习状态等等, 作为设计选择教学方法的依据, 从而实现教学方法的最优化。在教学情绪一课时, 我首先出示了“鲜花”、“弱小同学被欺负的漫画”、“失去亲人痛哭的图片”、“地震发生时的场景”, 然后再启发学生“看到这些, 你产生了哪些情绪?”然后很自然的引入情绪的种类;在教学挫折一课时, 我设计了辩论赛“挫折是好事?”“挫折是坏事?”, 最后学生辩论到两难境地, 我趁机点拨“挫折对于强者是磨砺坚强意志的磨刀石, 对于弱者是万丈深渊”;在教学新农村建设时, 我设计了采访活动:请你走进乡村采访老乡“1、当地农村在生活、经济、环境、乡风方面有没有一些突出的问题?”“请老乡讲述国家在新农村建设中主要采取了哪些政策?”“农村贫困人口的吃饭问题有没有得到真正的保障?”“新型农村社会养老保险试点开展以来, 成效怎么样?”等等。总之我经常设计一些实践活动, 如让学生上好班会课、组织辩论赛、参观厂矿企业、调查采访等, 然后让学生写小评论、记一些时事笔记、写调查心得、写一段辩词等等, 进一步让学生加深对所学问题的看法理解。每当学生在课堂上辩的面红耳赤、慷慨激昂的谈论自己发现的新问题, 得到的新观点时, 我感觉象置身在夏季热二的情况下, 啃外语, 钻医学, 学文化, 成为大家学习的楷模。她成功的秘诀是什么?韧!居里夫人经45个月不分昼夜的辛勤工作, 从十几吨的铀矿中提炼出一克纯铀, 其坚忍不拔的毅力, 令世人叹服。”本段文字语言精炼, 选材典型, 说服力较强, 但唯一不足的就是文段中所选三则事例陈旧, 难以吸引读者。

为此我们可作如下升级:“当代王选, 从1975年开始致力于文字、图形和图像的计算机处理研究, 他拖着病体。克服经费紧缺、条件艰苦等困难, 几十年如一日, 终于开发了汉字激光照排系统。试想如果不发愤图强, 潜心研究, 哪会有这项伟大的发明问世。乒坛名将王皓雅典奥运会惜败柳承敏。指责、非议一时四起, 之后多次大赛屈居第二, 与冠军无缘, 被戏称‘乒坛老二’, 但他始终没有放弃, 坚持苦练技术, 磨练意志, 终于在2006年多哈亚运会和2007年10月的乒乓球世锦赛上两次以4比O的绝对优势完胜宿敌柳承敏, 报雅典一箭之仇。是‘韧’的精神圆了他的王者之梦。悲情阿拉法特几十年战斗在争取民族解放和中东和平的战线上。期间, 他被捕过, 流亡过, 被软禁过, 但直到生命的最后时刻仍没停止战斗。其坚忍不拔的战斗精神赢得了世界人民的敬仰。”升级后所用的三则材料不但具有典型性, 更具有鲜明的时代特征, 有很强的时代气息, 使文章的议论透出了时代的新意。与前者相比。后者必将给人留下深刻印象。

总之, 事例论据的选择和使用在议论文写作中有不容忽视的作用。只要认真练习, 一定会快速提高。

摘要:议论文写作能力的提高是高中语文教学的重点, 也是高中学生的困惑。怎样有效地提高这方面的能力, 本文将我多年来的教学实践小结一下, 希望能给老师和同学们以启示。

篇4:考场议论文写作论据运用六法

一、直接使用论据

直接陈述事实论据,要言简意赅,针对文题、话题,有意识地叙述最有价值的事实。用据后,不要忘了对中心论点的回扣。要知道,议论文最忌“论点+事例”的一般化毛病。写作时,同学们一定要重视对事例的分析,分析事例与论点间内在的、必然的联系。分析“个别”事例时,其旨在揭“一般”的规律,是为了从事例升华到理论的高度。千万不能简单地将论点随便套到一个粗糙甚至是错误的论据上去之后,就以为是万事大吉了。好的论点和一系列好的论据,如果缺乏必要的、理性的、独特的观点连接,那也只能注定是一桩“不幸的婚姻”了。请看考场佳作《生命之让》中的精彩用据:

很多人都看过《泰坦尼克号》这部大片,多数人都为里面那一段凄美动人的爱情故事所感动。我不知道那个凄美的爱情故事是真是假,但真正的泰坦尼克号沉没时,却真真切切地发生了一件鲜为人知的感人之事。

豪华巨轮泰坦尼克号在它的处女航中撞上了一座冰山,它即将沉没,救生艇根本不够。在最后的几分钟里,最后一艘救生艇也即将开走,这时响起一声撕心裂肺的哭声:“我是他们的妈妈呀!”原来史密斯夫人的两个孩子都上了救生艇,而她却不能再上了,面对即将生死别离的骨肉,她痛不欲生。这时,从救生艇上走下了一位女士,没有人知道她的名字,她对史密斯夫人说:“上船吧,我来换你,孩子不能没有妈妈!”说完这句话,她从容地走向即将沉没的泰坦尼克号,全世界似乎在那一刹那静止了,全场的人都寂然无声。几秒钟后,泰坦尼克号沉没了,1053人丧生,其中就有那位无名女士。

这个故事实在是很感人,人性之美在那生命的谦让中体现得淋漓尽致。那位无名女士深深地知道她让出了一个生的希望,而她得到的将是死亡的降临。在那个求生欲望异常强烈的时刻,她却毅然地让出了自己的生命,尤其是她最后那句“孩子不能没有妈妈”深深地印在了我的心上,这句话也足以打动千千万万个母亲的心!

二、事实叠加用据

所叠加的论据最好不受时空局限,以增强说服力;叠加时所采用的句式应尽可能整齐,以形成论说的气势。用据后,不要忘了对论点的照应。如考场佳作《追梦无悔》就用据丰富,名人荟萃,纵横古今,驰骋中外,说理透彻,读来酣畅淋漓,令人拍案叫绝。请欣赏其中的精彩片段:

不要安于现在的自我,而要追求心中的梦想。鲁迅不安于救治国民的身体疾患,从而铸就了刚毅伟大的民族魂;袁隆平不安于水稻亩产千斤的“极限”,从而颠覆了世界权威;“超级女声”来自平民,却敢于挑战卫视舞台,从而在神州大地掀起了“想唱就唱”的狂澜。

当然,追求也有可能失败,可是,何必斤斤计较于结果呢?美丽在起点,在终点,更在沿途的风光,在拼搏中的问心无愧。凡·高追求自我,却最终走向了萨都的草坪,用枪声宣告了自己生命的结束;屈原追求爱国,却最终投身于汩罗,化作楚国的一缕冤魂。虽然他们都失败了,可仰不愧于天,俯不怍于地,那失败的豪壮不也是一种美丽吗?那失败的追求不也是一种坦荡吗?

一位名人曾说过:“一个执著追求的人,整个世界都为他让路。”正因为如此,爱因斯坦成就了旷世奇迹,哥白尼让地球为之震荡。纵使像李白、杜甫这样一生追求“致君尧舜上,再使风俗淳”的伟业而终不可得的失败者,也为我们留下了盛唐诗歌最灿烂、最珍贵的篇章。虽然他们一个抱月而终,一个苇席蒿葬,可毕生的攀登、矢志不渝的追求,还是让他们彪炳史册,光耀千秋。

三、句式辅助用据

(一)使用“从……到……”的句式用据

运用论据时要注意它们的先后顺序,句式应大致整齐,语言应高度集中。概括使用“从……到……”的句式,串联起来的部分可以是史实,可以是与主题或话题相关的名言、诗歌,还可以是作品及人生的哲思等。

请体会下面的片段:

倘若成功是远方的彼岸,诚信就是托载你的船舶;倘若成功是珠峰的峰顶,诚信就是你手中的绳索;倘若成功是巍峨的大厦,诚信就是大厦下的基石。古往今来,无数名垂青史的成功者,有谁不是以诚信待人,以诚信任物的呢?从汉高祖刘邦“与父老约,法三章耳”,到司马迁为“李陵事件”的中肯之言;从魏徵以诚信直言敢谏,到我们的开国领袖毛泽东……正面的例子实在多得不胜枚举。事实上,诚信是每个人应有的品德,更是所有成功者成功的基石。

(二)使用“当……时”的句式串据

运用此句式串据时,语言除了要具有概括性之外,还应讲究些文采。这个句式所连缀起来的内容往往是历史事实的某个有特定意义的瞬间、细节或情节。请体会下面的片段:

当卧龙草庐外的刘皇叔在朔风飞雪中久久伫立的时候,当古人在昏暗的灯下奋笔疾书“索物于暗室者,莫良于火;索道于当世者,莫良于诚”的时候,当一箱箱假烟假酒、盗版光盘在熊熊烈火中化为灰烬的时候,我们看到了一个古老却又鲜活的词语——“诚信”在历史的词典里永生。

四、正反对比用据

有意识地选用对比论据,既可以暗示正反对比的论证方法,又能更为有力地佐证论点,我们何乐而不为呢?同学们要注意根据论证思路,安排正反例的先后顺序,还要通过正面事例与反面事例的对照,辅之以必要的分析,以使论证更雄辩有力。

如考场佳作《为生命的画板涂色》,作者以“在生命的那一刻,有的人选择了逃避,有的人选择了前行”这样单刀直入的开头段落确立了论述主旨。然后,就接着写道:

“少无适俗韵,性本爱丘山”,桀骜的陶渊明经过一番世俗的历练,最终……远离了富贵满堂,抱定“不为五斗米折腰”的信念,一袭布衣,飘然而去。

“把吴钩看了,栏杆拍遍,无人会,登临意”,命运多舛的辛弃疾尽管报国无门,心痛如绞,但依旧心系故土,誓死抗战,哪怕马革裹尸,捐躯沙场。

……

李陵投降匈奴,确是形势所迫,身不由己;但当夜幕落下时,他也无时无刻不在遥望关中明月,泪眼汪汪,企盼重归故里的那一刻。

苏武却义无反顾地选择了坚守,忍受着大漠风雪,苦守着边关冷月,过着衣不蔽体、食不果腹的生活,为了那柄汉节,岁岁年年,年年月月。

这几段文字,组织得精到洗练,运用正反对比的论证方法,紧紧地扣住了“逃避”、“前行”的论述主旨。

五、巧用修辞论据

(一)排比

排比是一种在文中有意识地把三个或三个以上结构相同或相似、内容相关、语气一致的短语或句子排列在一起,以加强语势,强调内容,加重感情的修辞方法。一篇议论文里若能安排一两处排比句,不但能加强语势,而且能更有力地表达自己的观点。请看考场佳作《正视挫折》中的精彩用据:

古往今来,许多名人贤士无不是在挫折中成就了不平凡的事业。面对耳聋,贝多芬顽强拼搏,发出“我要扼住命运的咽喉”的呐喊,终成一代“乐圣”;面对失败,爱迪生坚持不懈,发出“我已找到一千多种不适合做灯丝的材料”的乐观心声,终于给世界带来了光明;面对仕途苦闷,苏东坡壮心不已,发出“大江东去,浪淘尽,千古风流人物”的昂扬曲调,在挫折中逐步走向成熟……是挫折,使他们平静的理想之湖激荡起壮美的浪花;是挫折,使他们和缓的心灵之曲奏鸣出雄壮的旋律!

(二)比喻

举一个比喻论证的段落来说明:

你见过高山吧?它是那样的雄伟、绵延;你见过大海吧?它是那样的壮丽无边!山之高,是因为它不排斥每一块小石头;海之阔,是由于它聚集了千万条小溪流。如果你想具有高山的情怀和大海般渊博的知识,就应该善于从生活中寻找良师益友,吸取他们的点滴长处。

比喻论证方法的最大特点,是能借用喻体将抽象的事物形象化,将陌生的事物熟悉化,以达到论述正确的目的,但必须注意喻体和本体之间要有共同点,否则便无法喻证。本段文字用高山、大海(喻体)不弃细石、涓流才能成其雄奇阔大,来比喻博学的人(本体)之所以博学,是因为他“善于从生活中寻找良师益友,吸取他们的点滴长处”。如果你也想成为博学之人,也应如此,这样,本体与喻体之间有了共同点,喻证才能成立。

(三)引用

引用名言来论证,有直接引证和间接引证两种,或称明引和暗引。直接引证,就是照录原文,把原文用引号引起来;间接引证,就是叙述原文的大意,但不加引号,或只引个别重要词语。不管是明引还是暗引都要忠于原意,不可断章取义或改换原意。还有一点要注意,进行议论时,穿插引用名言名句能为文章添彩,创出新意,但也只能作为一种辅助形式。要把“引”与“证”结合起来,光“引”不“证”,会使文章成为经典言论的堆砌,反而会失去应有的色彩。请看考场佳作《自信人生二百年》中的精彩用据:

自信指相信自己。莎士比亚说过:“对自己都不信,还会信什么真理?”可见自信的重要性。班超的“不入虎穴,焉得虎子”、李白的“天生我材必有用”、“我辈岂是蓬蒿人”,李大钊的“试看将来的环球,必是赤旗的世界”,毛泽东的“自信人生二百年,会当击水三千里”,阿基米德的“给我一个支点,我可以撑起整个地球”等,无不是自信的有力见证。可见,自信是人的一种十分重要的精神力量。

六、复活史实用据

这种用据的方法,适用于长于描写、长于造境的同学选用,使用时注意把握好度,稍加点染即可,不要喧宾夺主。

请体会考场佳作《诚信——高贵的品格》中的片段:

也许,暮春时节,飞花迷眼,瓦尔登湖边一袭黑衣的梭罗,在苦思着生之真谛;那握着明灯游在白天街道的,还有希腊智者的身影。但无论是谁,都没有忘记,构筑人生基座的乃是“诚信”二字。

诚信乃人格品位的体现。手握权杖,贪图荣誉而尽显人性之奸诈、多变的,定不是品格高贵之人;“高堂明镜”中的白发只应诚实忠信者拥有,捻着胡须,在江边痴呆着的,才可“情如潭之三千丈”;在危栏高楼中,守着心的一方净土,望穿秋水的,是爱之“诚信”;哪怕各守长江之头,那快报急书,“白头搔更短”的,是叮嘱的诚信……生,因之成为纯洁的载体。诚信的珍贵,幻化为身中血液,流淌在潺潺的河床,浮露高贵的躯干。

篇5:雅思写作如何列举论据

(一)局限于自己或朋友的例子。此类例子往往缺乏客观性和说服力,由于人称的局限导致所叙述事件难免“鸡毛蒜皮”。要明白,个人不代表整体。

例:I keep my dog to avoid my loneliness and I find a lot of fun.

这样的例子让人犹如在看记叙文,和议论文很不搭调。

(二)引用过多数据。太多专业数据会给人捏造的痕迹,缺乏真实性。考官会质疑数据的出处。

例:A survey indicates that the number of people smoking has increased to as high as 65 percent in China.(一项调查显示。。。)

“65%”让文章看起来有些假,有捏造的嫌疑。“A survey”又不够具有代表性。

(三)中国式的例子。一个国家同样难代表世界。雅思是international的考试,不应将范围框的太局限。此外考官来自各个国家,过分使用一个国家的例子会引起他们的反感。

例:Many children in China like to play computer games for a long time, leading to their poor eyesight.

只需小小改动便可成为成功范例。

因此,首先考生应了解,举例是一种常见的论述方式,特别在论述某一些比较抽象的话题的时候(比如文化类或跟艺术相关的话题)。但是,并不是每个段落都需要例证法,举例过多或过分牵强会影响文章的正式感,甚至给考官喋喋不休的感觉。

举例是为了更加形象地叙述事情。提醒考生们要注意以下原则:

(一) 要来源于生活,要具有生动的论述效果。不能过于空洞,也不能脱离现时,否则就失去了举例的意义。

(二) 要客观表达。虽然来源于身边社会,但不可让描述方式变的太鸡毛蒜皮,拿不上台面。其实这点非常容易办到,只需要把事件中某一个具体的你,我,他,变成是客观群体,比如说people across the globe, students, they之类的人称即可。

举例的常见表达方式:

for example,/for instance,(后加句子)

Such as/ like (后加词组)

Take... as an example,

A case in point is that......

雅思写作常见题材归类整理

一、教育类:

A 理论与实践

1 知识和经验的重要性

2 为什么要上大学

3 大学理论和实践课程的关系

4 成功人士所需素质是不是必须从大学或相似的科研学术机构中学习

5 高中毕业的学生是否应该在去大学前要工作或旅游一年

6 高中生评估和挑战老师,会不会没有尊重没有纪律性

B 男女生问题

7 大学专业招收的学生男女比例是否应该协调

8 男女分校的利弊

二、体育活动类:

1 学生花时间练习体育运动的利与弊/该不该。

2 体育活动造成竞争而非合作是否应该提倡

3 体育盛事是否有利于缓解世界紧张局势,维护世界和平

三、语言类

1 怎样说服他人学习自己母语

2 英语流行的利弊

3 英语和国际旅游业的流行会不会导致小语种和小民族的伤害

4 机器翻译的推进是否导致不必学外语

四、新闻广告类

1 人们是否只应阅读真实事件或人物

2 是否新闻的真实性和好的工作者的素质

3广告的利弊

五、青少年类

1学生变异行为或态度的原因和改善

2 家庭小孩的惩罚教育是否有效

3 学生压力是否很大

4 父母是否应该限制小孩看电视玩游戏,应该看书学习

5儿童的性格来自先天还是后天培养

6 儿童要学会竞争还是合作

7 课余参加有偿劳动是否提倡

六、老年人类

1 我们这一辈人和上辈人区别的重要方式

2 公司55岁的老人是否应该退休让位给年青人

3 年青人比老年人社会地位高的原因和改善

七、科技与传统类

1 电脑电视录相等是否替代书籍成为传媒和教育的工具

2 电脑的普及是否会取代老师的教育

3 建立博物馆的目的和手段

4 网络的普及影响到生活中家庭成员或是朋友之间的亲密关系

5 科学技术的发展有多大的潜在危机

6 技术发展是否影响娱乐习惯和减少创造力

7 生命工程中的器官移植和试管婴儿等是否不人道

八、金钱类

1 人类登月类似研究浪费金钱和时间么

2 医生应以救人为主,不论病人之贫和利益

1 向朋友借钱会否影响友谊及其原因。

2 花钱买东西或用东西交换的各自好处,你喜欢哪种?

3 体育专业是否应该拿钱比其它重要的专业多

九、国家政府类

1 政府是否应该重视传统和艺术

2 发展中国家是应该致力于发展本国的科技研究还是发展人文教育

3 政府花钱在艺术上还是其他事情上

4 政府财政支持在科学上还是语言商业上

5 你的国家城乡差距大的原因和解决

6 电影教给你其他国家的哪些概况

7 富国是否应该帮助穷国

8 你的国家和其他地方有何相似,怎样相似

10 政府是否该为母亲工作提供帮助和资源

11 国外工作一段时期对个人和国家有何影响

十、变革类

1 发明什么是你的愿望

2 改变家乡的一个重要举措

3 新千年是否世界变化的机会和你希望怎样变化

4人类为什么变得长寿

十一、环境类

1 怎样改进地区公园或国家公园

2 动物做宠物还是人类消费必须品

3 化学农业和经济作物的趋势对土地和动物的影响

4 该不该保护野生动物资源

5 是否应该关闭动物园

6小轿车是否利大于弊

7 吸烟是否应该非法化

8 一个国家和城市的环境保护是应该由个人,团体(公司)和政府来共同承担

十二、犯罪类

1 罚款是不是制止犯罪的必要因素

2 对杀人犯的刑罚

3 犯罪者应入狱还是再教育.再适应

4 年轻女人犯罪率升高的原因和举措。

5 该不该亲自制止犯罪、正当防卫的限度

6 青少年犯罪与父母教育

7 住宅的保安由政府还是建筑商控制负责

十三、个人看法类

1 拥有土地后怎样运用

2 喜欢亲自动手还是喜欢机器

3 独处还是和朋友相处

4 玩游戏是否一定要赢

5 安乐死是否会合法化

6游客是否遵从当地风俗

7 堕胎应该提倡还是非人道

8 对现在工作压力大闲暇时间少的看法

9名人是否因隐私付出代价及是否应该拥有此权

10工作需要的转变和自身适应

雅思写作9分范文:汽油价格和控制交通污染

Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve traffic and pollution. What extend do you agree or disagree? What other measures do you think more effective?

Bad traffic and increasing pollution are thorny issues challenging every major city in the globe. To combat such problems, government encourages companies to mark up gas price in an effort to decrease car use and cut down waste gas. However it may temporarily alleviate the problem, but is doubtfully the optimal solution.

First of all, consumers and economy would be victimized by such measures. The number of cars in a country directly depends on the proportion of the population affluent enough to own cars. As a result, raises in gas price could invoke hard feelings among this segment of people but would not drastically change their behavior in using cars. Even if the number of cars on road is reduced due to higher gas cost, this is not the best way to solve traffic problems. Such policy would hurt the auto industry, place higher costs on current and prospect car owners, and undermine the economy of a nation. In the long run, the final way out could be the construction of better roads and more effective use of available transport facilities.

Secondly, there is evidence that waste gas from cars is not the leading cause of air pollution. The culprit may be the discharge of polluting substances into the atmosphere due to the rapidly growing manufacturing industry. As a result, reduction of the number of cars would not return us a blue sky and fresh air. We could better handle this problem if we could increase control over industrial waste discharge and adopt more environmental friendly materials and production equipment.

Finally, other measures like the application of cheaper and cleaner energy resources could also be a better solution. For example, we now have the ability to make cell-powered or even solar-powered cars. Such energy is completely clean and plentiful. However we still have a very long way to go to turn such technologically possible into affordable and practical products.

To conclude, it is not the best way to control traffic and pollution by increasing gas price because such action will hurt consumers and economy without achieving what it is aimed for. Measures such as construction of better transport facilities and development of new energy resources could be more effective solutions.

雅思写作9分范文点评:警察佩戴枪支

Unlike most countries, the police in the United Kingdom do not normally carry guns. Some people think it leaves the citizens unprotected, while others believe that this practice reduces the overall violence in society. Discuss both views and use your own experience and evidence.

Unlike most countries, the police in the United Kingdom do not normally carry guns. Some people think it leaves citizens unprotected, while others believe that this practi c e reduces the overall violence in society.Police having guns however is an issue secondary to criminals having guns. (45words)

结构分析: 2+ 1 ’ 模式,最后一句为主题句,明确地表达了自己的观点。但是,前两句的问题很严重,即照抄了题目。(这可能是我和老外没有沟通好,在他所写的所有例文中都出现了类似的情况,大家千万不要学!!!)

Because criminals usually have access to guns, police officers need them in order to control crime.If police in the U.K. are able to go without guns and not have crime getting completely out of control then they have already set a fine example that other countries should follow. The fact that they are able to do this is an indication of their ability to control the flow of guns to the general populace and this makes citizens safer than anything else. To a civilian, taking guns away from criminals is more important than giving them to police. (98words)

For places that are not able to, or are unwilling to control this availability of guns to criminals, police have no choice.Countries with weak or ineffective gun laws, or countries bordering such countries, like Mexico which has strong gun laws, but virtually no way to prevent them from being smuggled over the border from the U.S., need a police force that is not only armed, but is armed better than the criminals. This ‘domestic arms race’ is the fate of any country that does not realize that civilians have no need of being armed and should have no access to weapons whatsoever.(103words)

The root of the problem is embarrassingly corrupt governments and ineffective half-measures taken to control the circulation of guns, which allows criminals to easily come into possession of guns.Nations around the world should hope to someday reach the point where their police force can afford not to carry guns and still be effective. (54words)

篇6:托福写作的论据

Indeed, a clean environment plays an important role in improving health care, because various environmental pollutions have posed a threat to the public health. To illustrate, the haze occurring in large cities of China has made thousands of people fall victims to respiratory diseases. However, it is a piece of overemphasis to claim that cleaning the environment is the most important way for government to improve health care, because there are other two ways which are equally important.

First of all, developing medical technology is another effective way to improve health care. Given the indisputable fact that there remain many incurable diseases such as cancer and AIDS across the globe, the appropriate technology of treatment and therapy is in great need. As a result, government is supposed to assume the responsibility of making progress in medical techniques, for the sake of curing the serious diseases and thus prolonging the life expectancy. The elemination of SARS in the year of can be a good case in point. Upon the outbreak of SARS, most cities and provinces in China are affected. Immediately, the government not only assembled a group of medical professionals and excellent experts, but also allocated massive investment in the medical research for vaccine. Unexpectedly, the emergency was perfectly addressed and the same is true of curing other diseases.

Besides that, government should place emphasis on improving the sports infrastructure. As is common sense, governmental support for public sports facilities can create a place for the average people to work out regularly. Obviously, the more exercise people engage in, the stronger their immune system will become. The sound immune system can serve as a shield to resist various diseases, which finally lead to the better health of the public. Take my own experience as an example. In my community, the sports facilities contain nothing but a track in disrepair and a swing for kids. In this case, the residents have nowhere to do sports even though they may be willing to. However, if the local government could invest a sum of money to build new playgrounds and establish Pingpang tables, I bet lots of people will become interested in exercising, thus becoming more physically healthy.

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