21世纪英语第四册翻译

21世纪英语第四册翻译（精选6篇）

篇1：21世纪英语第四册翻译

汉译英短语

1.拄着拐杖lean on a stick

2.一捆脏衣服a bundle of laundry

3.逐一数出count out

4.从来没有对...如此满意过have never been so pleased with..5.一个难得的人才a real find

6.准备好某物have sth.ready

7.养老院a home for the aged

8.表明了人类的顽强speak of the stubbornness of mankind

9.在超出体力极限的情况下工作work beyond the limits of one’s power

10.最多三个星期three Weeks at the mostlean on a stick

11.（某人）杳无音信

12.为..感到伤心

13.补一件衬衫

14.凹陷的嘴巴和苍白的双唇

15.再一次站起来

16.在..的帮助下

17.在网上聊天

18.落基山脚下一个美丽的小镇

19.一起度过一个星期幸福的时光

20.事先提出离职

21.坚持

22.请几天假

23.帮某人安顿下来

24.修改个人简历

25.乱翻某人的私人用品

26.从一开始

27.一个喜爱玩乐、爱冒险的人

28.干扰他人的生活

29.应邀去某人家中吃饭

30.一大帮佣人

31.将自己淹没在思想的海洋中

32.喜欢巴赫的音乐

33.排满书的书房

34.极力不走调

35.解一道分数题

36.作出惶恐的反映

37.接下去做更复杂的事情

38.惊人的正确程度

39.拍拍我的膝盖以示鼓励

40.匆忙站立起来

41对...有吸引力

42.每个月微薄的积蓄

43.作为重要新闻在全国见报

44.常规奖学金

45.一门心思做某事

46.为某人跑腿

47.抽出时间去做某事nothing is heard of(sb.)mourn formend a shirta sunken mouth and pale lipsstand on one’s feet againwith the help ofchat onlinea beautiful little town in the Rocky Mountains spend a blissful Weeks togethergive notice at workinsist ontake a few days off from workhelp sb.get settledrevamp one’s resumesnoop through sb.’s personal thingsfrom the beginninga fun-loving,adventurous personmess with others’ livesbe invited to dine at sb.’s homean army of servantssubmerge oneself in a sea of thoughtbe fond of Bacha book-lined studytry desperately to stay in tunework out a problem in fractionsreact in panicgo on to something more complicateda surprising degree of accuracygive me a reassuring pat on the kneecome hastily to one’s feet speak tomeagre monthly savingsmake national headlineregular scholarshipset one’s mind on doing sthdo errands for sb.get around to doing sth

48.说服某人做某事talk sb.into doing sth

49.教育某人要乐善好施teach sb.about the gift of giving

50.依次地in turn

51.增加add to

52记者招待会press conference

英译汉

1.在坚强意志的驱动下，他终于完成了他所承担的任务

Driven by a strong will,he eventually fulfilled the task he had undertaken

2.他许诺一到那儿就给我写信，但至今杳无音信

He promised towrite to me as soon as he got there,but nothing has been heard of him so far

3.老板从来没有对任何员工如此满意过，这个年轻人确实是个难得的人才 The boss has never been so pleased with any emplpyee before.The young man is a real find

4.在医生和护士的帮助下，病人再一次站了起来，不久便重新开始工作

With the help of the doctors and nurses,the patient was able to stand on his feet once more and soon resumed working

5.老人那张布满皱纹的脸表明了他一辈子所忍受的苦难

The old man’s wrinkled face spoke of the hardship he had endured in his life

6.当她身体恢复了一些，她就倚在窗口，望着孩子们在草地上玩耍

When she recovered somewhat,she leaned on the Window watching the children play on the lawn

7.他没有通过考试，但这是他自己的过错，他从来就不用功

He failed the test but it was his own fault,he never did any work

8.她告诉我她被一个自称（claim）为银行家儿子的年轻人骗了

She told me she had been deceived by a young man who claimed to be the son of a banker

9.玛丽离开了她的丈夫，因为她再也无法忍受他的残酷无情了

Mary left her husband because she couldn’t stand his cruelty any longer

10.妈妈坚持的一点是，约翰必须做完作业才能看电视

One thing that Mom insisted on was that John finish his homework before watching any Tv programs

11.当比尔过分痴迷于网上聊天时，事情开始变了。他不再是那个初进大学时勤奋学习的学生了

When Bill became overly obsessed with online chatting,things began tochange.No longer was he the hard working student he was when he first came to college

12.我一开始就告诉过你，网上约会与实际在一起生活根本不是一回事

I told you from the beginning that there was a world of difference between online dating and actually living

13.演出结束后，观众们都激动地站了起来，真挚的掌声持续了好几分钟

After the performance,the audience all came excitedly to their feet with genuine applause that lasted for quite a few minutes

14.看见我恐慌的样子，女主持人安慰我说接下去指示我做的肯定是我做得到的 Seeing me in panic,the hostess reassured me taht what I was instructed to do next was something I was definitely capable of

15.整个下午他完全被一道分数题吸引住了，难怪他解出题目时欣喜万分

He was completely absorbed by a fraction problem the whole afternoon.No wonder he was overjoyed when he finally worked the problem out

16.亨利一旦沉浸到自己的思绪当中，就跟聋子差不多。史密斯太太这样评论道 Once Henry is submerged in his own thoughts,he’s virtually deaf.Thus remarked Mrs.Smith

17.你不觉得在我们还不能确定数据的准确性的情况下匆忙下结论是不安全的吗 Don’t you think it’s unsafe to conclude hastily when we are not sure about the accuracy of the statistics

18.她很不自在地在钢琴前坐下，试着弹了一个音符（note）。这是她第一次接触乐器

She sat uneasily in front of the piano and ventured a note.It was her first time to touch a musical instrument

19.我已决定不去面试，因为招聘广告明明白白的说只有大学毕业生才有资格干这份工作

I have decided not to go to the interview because the job advertisement has made it clear that only a college graduate is eligible for the post

20.她让儿子每天练钢琴。看来，她是铁了心要把儿子培养成钢琴家

She makes her son practice the piano every day.It seems that she has set her heart on making a pianist of her son

21.我小的时候喜欢给妈妈跑腿。找回的零钱我可以自己留着

When I was a child ,I enjoyed doing errands for my mother.I could keep the small change

22.他的精彩表演感染了每一个观众，自始至终没有一个人发出一点声音

His excellent performance spoke to every member of the audience.No one made any sound throughout it

23.当我最后终于有时间去医院看他时，已经为时已晚

When I finally got around to visiting him in hospital,it was too late

24.既然他这么倔（stubborn），我也不打算去说服他考虑我们的建议了

Since he is so stubborn ,I don’t intend to talk him into considering our suggestion either

篇2：21世纪英语第四册翻译

Unit 1

2.他决不妥协 His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.4.有些演员 Some actors’ fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that sets him apart.6.当邓小平Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China’s reform and opening-up policy.Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country’s modernization with his unrelenting efforts.8.这位教师 This teacher is really remarkable in motivating her students before she can teach them something.It’s not that she is talented, it’s that she is obsessed with drawing their attention in class.Unit 2

2.约翰真诚的 John’s sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty.4.这些玫瑰 The beauty of these roses could not be overstated.They took/caught all the visitors’s fancy in one way or another.6.每次收到 Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fail to acknowledge it.8.虽然他厌烦 Though he was fed up with the salesman who

knocked at his door and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.Unit 3

2.横向思维 Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which seemed to have reached a dead end.4.在设法寻找 While trying to find a solution to the problem,Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.6.昨天他的汽车 His car crashed into a truck almost head-on

yesterday.If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.8.约翰本该 John should have given up smoking a long time ago.After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody.Unit 4

2.大学生课后As often as not, when college students have

questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours.This is due to teachers’ busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.4.在美国，教书Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the the United States, due in part to the diversity of students racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.6.有些年轻人Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence.They would rather try hard themselves to go through life than turn to their parents for help with a sense of guilt.8.邻居们恼火The neighbor’s irritation/annoyance was due to the noise they made.However, because of their reassurances that they would stop working at night, they went through with the decoration of this apartment.Unit 5

2.他从童年起He had demonstrated an unusually intense interest in books since childhood.So fascinated with books was he that he never let a day pass without doing some reading.4.他读中学时When he was in high school, he used to read deep/far into the night in his own room.Each time he heard the approaching footsteps of his mother, he would turn off the light and feigned sleep.But as soon as his mother passed, he would turn on the light and begin reading again.6.我不知道是什么I don’t knowwhat made your son feel envy of that pop singer and try to emulate him in everything.You might as well ask him in person.8.我认为没有I don’t think anybody ever learned more in the countryside than I did.In fact, the three years in the countryside enabled me to study far intensively than I would have if had attended some college.Unit 6

2.汤姆一直坚决Tom had been holding out for the promotion.When such an opportunity showed up he grabbed it at once.4.我的论点是My thesis is that we should carry out a survey of these controversial issues one by one right now.6.把汽油箱It is ill-advised to keep the gas tank in your home for it ignites easily and may burn up your hard-earned fortune in a few minutes.8.由于在美国Since many marriages end in divorce in the United States psychologists have suggested that couples in all families communicate with each other more often an solve their problems before it becomes too late.Unit7

2.迈克尔想了 Michael had got stuck trying to figure out the word essential to the word puzzle for two days before he threw up his hands in frustration.4.感谢您购买 Thank you for purchasing our furnace.In return we will get rid of your old one for free.6.当连锁大书店 Her bookstore having been frozen out by a giant chain, the middle-aged Lillian was at a loss as to what else she could do.8.因为害怕 For fear that a new shopping center would ruin the peace of the community, many residents opposed the construction plan.Unit8

篇3：21世纪英语第四册翻译

本单元的话题是“Women of Achievement” (取得成就的优秀女性) , 通过介绍几位不同国度、不同时代、不同职业、不同理想与追求、不同经历的杰出女性, 探讨女性对社会、对人类的价值和贡献, 展示女性的风采和她们在社会各个领域的成就。单元结构包括: Warming-up, Pre-reading, Reading, Comprehending, L e a r n i n g a b o u t L a n g u a g e , U s i n g L a n g u a g e , Summing up, Learning Tip, Reading for Fun.

词汇的教学不应该只是意思的展示或用法的讲解, 更重要的是学会正确的使用。只有通过运用, 学生才能掌握所学到的词汇。本节课的整体思路, 就是通过各种有趣的活动, 不断地认识新词汇, 运用新词汇。笔者特别设计了几个小环节, 包括用生动形象的图片展示单词, 系统地、反复地学习单词, 最后的小作文写作设计等等。所有的设计都紧紧围绕着所学的词汇, 真正做到词不离句, 句不离段, 段不离篇。

二、教学背景分析

教学内容分析:本人抽取的是本单元的黑体词汇, 词汇是构成语言的三大要素之一, 是语言的基本材料, 离开了词汇, 学生就无法正确地表达思想。黑体词汇是课程标准要求掌握的, 是教学重点。黑体词汇贯穿于整个单元的教学过程, 不理解和掌握这部分词汇, 就无法准确地理解本单元的两篇阅读话题, 所以黑体词汇的教学是一项艰巨的任务。使学生掌握科学的学习和记忆方法, 激发学生的学习兴趣, 使学生能精确地理解、灵活地运用词汇, 是提高本单元教学效率的必要前提。

学生情况分析:笔者所任教的班级在普通高中, 虽然是年级的重点班, 但是班里学生对基础知识的掌握普遍不扎实。主要表现为:学生词汇量不丰富, 不能准确地记住单词并灵活运用, 许多学生对学英语的热情很高, 但是不愿意下功夫花时间去记单词。本节课是词汇课, 大部分学生能够正确拼读单词, 但在词汇的运用和表达方面还需要有更大的提高。预期在学完本节课后, 学生不仅能正确的读准单词, 记住单词, 还能将单词正确地应用到具体的场景里。

三、教学目标分析

具体的教学目标是:大部分学生能记住所有单词, 会在具体情景下运用这些单词和短语, 能力强一点的学生能运用这些词汇写小短文。教学指导:将知识直观呈现, 从易入手, 使学生容易理解, 容易掌握;通过看图片说词汇、头脑风暴等游戏方式激起学生学习的兴趣; 通过小组合作、竞赛的方式培养学生的自主学习能力、互助合作能力;通过设计梯度练习, 培养学生根据上下文猜词和理解词语的能力。这里可以用学过的单词替换文章中出现的新单词, 也可以为了引出新单词的讲解, 用本单元所学新单词去替换旧单词。同时注意该词在句中的用法, 让学生反复用所学词汇造句、模仿, 记住单词;让学生小组合作, 编句子写短文。这样一来, 学生既掌握了单词又学会了应用, 词汇的运用能力比过去有所提高, 一举两得。

四、教学重点、难点分析

教学重点:能够认读, 拼读, 逐渐掌握本单元的黑体词汇, 并能在特定的句型下, 准确地选择这些黑体词汇。

look down upon, come across, refer to, deliver, behave, observe, intend, argue…

教学难点:学生能准确而灵活地运用这些黑体词汇, 并用这些词汇写一篇小短文。

五、教学过程设计

Step1: Leading-in. (2mins)

T: Show a famous beautiful woman’s picture andask who she is?

Ss: Answer the question; “She is a famousactress: Audrey Hepburn.”

T: Introduce Audrey Hepburn’ famous works, andlead in the class: “We are going to know other greatwomen in different fields in this unit. At first, let uslearn about new words.”

设计意图:通过奥黛丽赫本的图片导入课文, 激起学生学习本单元的兴趣。

Step 2: First impression on the new words. (10mins)

首先让学生给所学的词汇分类, 然后再进行以下活动 :

Classify the words into groups.

n: human being

n&v: campaign, shade, respect, crowd, support

v: behave, observe, argue, intend, deliver

phrases: move off, lead a ..life, refer to, lookdown upon/on, by chance, come across

Activity 1: Guess the meaning of each picture.

T : S h o w s t u d e n t s s o m e p i c t u r e s a n d a s kstudents what it is or what they are doing to lead tothe new words.

设计意图:通过图片引起学生兴趣, 直观形象地引出新单词:human being, crowd, shade, campaign, respect, argue, observe, 给学生留下深刻的印象。

Activity 2: Brainstorming. (系统记忆法)

Dialogue 1:

T: Can you express “respect” using another wordor phrase?

Ss: Look up to.

T: Good, and what is its opposite meaning?

S: Look down upon/on.

T: Well done, can you think of other phrases withthe verb “look”?

Ss: Look at, look for, look into, look through, lookout…

Dialogue 2:

T: I came across Zhang Xue in the street yesterday.That means that I met her unplanned. Do you knowthe meaning of “come across” in this sentence?

Ss: It means“偶然遇见”.

T: Great! You are very clever! Can you think ofmore phrases about “come”?

Ss: come out, come in, come up with, come into, come by…

设计意图:通过已知词汇“respect”, 引出其近义词“look up to”, 又引出新单词“look down upon”。这个动词, 让学生回忆起以前学过的所有关于这个动词的搭配, 既学了新短语, 又巩固了已经学过的短语, 扩充了词汇量。

Activity 3: Give the word correct meaningaccording to the sentences. (情境记忆法)

根据语境猜词义:

1. A. 投递, 运送B. 发表 ( 演讲等 ) C. 宣布, 助产, 接生

(1) The mailman delivers the mail twice a day inthis area. ( )

(2) She delivered a healthy baby. ( )

(3) She will deliver a speech about how to studyEnglish tomorrow. ( )

2. A. 参考, 参阅B. 把……称作C. 指…而言

(1) Complete the exercise without referring toyour notes. ( )

(2) When I said someone is stupid I wasn'treferring to you. ( )

(3) Don't refer to your sister as a silly cow. ( )

设计意图:让学生学会在具体的情境下灵活运用词汇, 注意一词多义。

Activity 4: Filling in the blanks. (6mins) (重复记忆法)

(1) 过着幸福的生活lead a ________ life

(2) 过着简朴的生活lead a ________ life

(3) 过着艰苦的生活lead a ________ life

(4) 过着凄惨的生活lead a ________ life

(5) 过着舒适的生活lead a ________ life

设计意图:不同的句子, 相同的短语。通过更改短语前的修辞, 不断地重复, 让学生掌握“lead a…life”这一短语的用法。

Activity 5: Replace the words or phrasesusing new words. (以旧带新法)

(1) The guard waved the f lag and the train got away.

(move off)

(2) It happened quite by accident.

(by chance)

(3) She is in favor of the president’s opinion.

(support)

设计意图:以旧带新, 通过近义词帮助学生学会新单词。既复习旧单词, 又掌握新单词及短语。

Step3: Listen to the tape. (5mins)

T: Play the tape and make students pay attentionto the pronunciation of these words.

Ss: Listen to the tape and follow it to read in awhisper.

Ss: Read for each other and correct the mistakesin pronunciation.

设计意图:学生对单词已经有了初步印象, 再放单词录音, 学生更印象深刻。让学生跟着录音读, 同伴互读, 从根本上纠正发音。掌握标准的发音是学习词汇的关键。

Step 4: Some usages of the key words:behave, observe, argue, intend. (8mins)

Group work: Make students look up the usage ofthe following words by referring to their dictionaries.Then ask a speaker of each group to explain a wordto other students. (Each group chose one word toexplain) , students have right to ask questions.

设计意图:学生自己讲解单词能够发挥学生的学习主动性和小组合作精神, 激发其学习兴趣, 让学生真正成为课堂的主人, 注意力更加集中。有不到位的地方, 老师再加以完善和补充。

Step 5: Have a competition. (5mins)

Activity 1: Filling in the blanks.

(1) They were observed _____ (enter) the bank, so someone dialed 110.

(2) We are always arguing _____ each other_____ money.

(3) The book is intende ____ advanced learners.

(4) No matter what you have achieved, you haveno reasons to look down ____ others in your fi led.

(6) The lecturer move ____ before the audiencecould raise any questions to him.

Activity 2: Translate the phrases in English.

(1) 我知道在学校如何 ( 守规矩 ) 。

I knows how to ______________ in school.

(2) 你可以 ( 在字典里查 ) 这个单词的意思。

You can ______________________ to find themeaning of this word.

(3) We show ______________________ ( 非常尊敬 ) our English teacher.

(4) You’re to ___________________ ( 把这些花送到 ) before 10.

(5) 我昨天偶然碰到了一个老朋友。

I _________________________ yesterday.

(6) 我出生的时候, 我的祖父过着穷困潦倒的生活。

When I was born, my grandpa ______________.

(7) In the old days, his father was not able to earn enough money to ______ ( 支撑 ) his family.

设计意图:竞赛的练习题由易到难, 逐步加深。采用小组竞赛的方式, 不仅能够调动学生的积极性, 活跃课堂气氛, 还能帮助学生重复记忆所学词汇, 印象更深刻。

Step6: Try to make a short story using thewords we learnt today. (at least 8 words shouldbe included) (10mins)

T: First make students in groups to write one ortwo even more sentences including the words welearnt in the class. Then try to connect the sentencesusing conjunctions.

设计意图:通过不断的翻译、写句子、写短文, 逐步帮助学生加深对所学单词的印象, 逐步培养学生遣词造句的能力, 培养学生在特定情境下运用词汇的能力, 展示学生作品, 培养学生的小组荣誉感和胜利的自豪感。

范文展示:

六、教学评价设计

评价内容:

1. 小组词汇竞赛

2. 小组合作写出的小作文

评价方法:

篇4：给新概念第四册翻译挑毛病

朱光潜先生在《论翻译》一文中指出：“外国文学最难了解和翻译的第一是联想的意义……它带有特殊的情感氛围，甚深广而微妙，在字典中无从找出，对文学却极紧要。如果我们不熟悉一国的人情风俗和文化历史背景，对于文字的这种意义就茫然”。美国著名的翻译理论家尤金·奈达认为，翻译中出现的最致命的错误往往不是因为词语表达不恰当所导致的，而是由于错误的文化假设所导致的。所以翻译，不仅仅是把原文用母语表达出来，还要对各种文化的差异进行比较，解读语言符号背后的文化底蕴，才能将另一个民族的思想和灵魂准确地表达出来。

不同文化语境

中的词语

首先，词语在不同的文化语境中，会产生不同的心理预期。举一个最简单的例子：在中文和英文中，颜色词所指完全相同，但人们对同一种颜色的心理反应却截然不同。“黄色”，中国人通常会和“色情”等联系起来，而在西方却有“胆小怕事”等含义。那么，He is too yellow to say anything. 这句话应该译为：他噤若寒蝉。“黄色”，这个极平常不过的词语，在当前的语境中意思完全改变了。如果在翻译过程中没有体会到这一点，就不可能准确地传递原句的信息。

从这个简单的例子出发，我们看一下旧版新概念第四册第46课最后一段作者总结全文时所用的一句话：

This combination of very high density of population, goods and services, and machines, all increasing with almost brutal speed, does account for some really antisocial tendencies in modern urban growth.

课文后面的翻译是这样的：高密度的人口、商品和设施以及机器交织在一起，而且以疯狂的速度在增长，确实是现代城市发展中一些真正反社会趋势的起因。译者直接把“antisocial tendencies”译成 “反社会趋势”。看到“反社会”，大多数中国读者的反应可想而知，或者夸张一点，可能有人把其等同为反革命也不为过。但是，稍微思考一下，有的读者可能会问，怎么这样一个社会话题和政治扯上了关系？城市再发展的没边，也不至于成了反社会呀？这种疑惑是对的。这主要是因为相同的词语在不同的文化语境中产生了不同的心理反应。在西方，日常生活中的这个词绝对没有那么强烈的政治色彩，它通常表示“违反公共道德，有损公共利益”。例如：Spitting in public places is an antisocial habit. 应该理解为：在公共场所吐痰的习惯违反公共道德。这是一处非常明显的由于词语在特定语境下改变含义而导致的误译。

相异的文化背景

其次，除了上面提到的词语可能导致误译，比喻和习语表达也因为其承载着独特的文化色彩会对准确翻译造成障碍。比如：汉语中的“东风”习惯上是用来表达温暖、和煦等含义。而英语中的easter或east wind通常则表达冷酷、凛冽等意思。本体相同，喻体却差之千里，这是因为中国的寒流通常来自西部的西伯利亚，而英国的冷风则从东部吹来。因此，想要把译文译得出神入化，就要透视不同的文化角度，找出两种文化的交汇点。例如：形容一个人食量大、睡得熟等，很多人会翻译成eat like a pig或sleep like a pig，翻来覆去离不开pig。实际上英语的表达空间层次很多，会利用更多的喻体来表达这些意思，如eat like a horse(食量大)；sleep like a log(睡得熟)。在这里给出一组中英文喻体不同的例子，供大家参考：

to grow like mushroom

雨后春笋

get goose bumps

起鸡皮疙瘩

smoke like a chimney

老烟枪

中国人想要表达“生机勃勃”时想到了春笋，而西方人则想到了蘑菇；中国人害怕时起了鸡皮疙瘩，而老外明显皮肤粗糙，起了鹅皮疙瘩；中国人抽烟多时像是老带着杆枪，而西方人却想到了烟囱。

理解了两种文化比喻的差异，我们回头再看看比喻和习语在翻译中的难度。在翻译界一直存有争议，那就是该不该将另一种文化不加解释地直接翻译成母语。“Shed crocodile tears ”是翻译成“假慈悲”好呢，还是“洒下鳄鱼的眼泪”好呢？“Skeleton in the cupboard”是翻译成“壁橱里的骷髅”呢，还是“家丑”呢？支持直译的人会说，不加解释的翻译会让更多的人了解另一种文化的精神，这样做固然很好，但缺点也是相当明显的，因为读者并不清楚这些字面意思下真正的含义。比如，在旧版新概念第四册第22课讲到海豚时，用了这样一个句子：

In 1928 some porpoises were photographed working like beavers to push ashore a waterlogged mattress.

译文：在1928年，有人拍下海豚的照片。它们像海狸一样把一只浸了水的床垫推到岸边。

此处作者用了一个比喻，而课后的翻译也直译为：工作得像海狸一样。这样的翻译还是有点欠缺，最好能加上一个注解：像海狸一样勤勤恳恳地工作。因为并不是每个读者都清楚海狸是怎样工作的。因此，为比喻加上注解相对而言可以更好地解决这个文化差异的问题。

其实，除了这个比喻翻译的欠缺，这里还有一个明显的错译。将mattress翻译成床垫也是因为不了解西方的风土人情。Mattress 放在床上确实是床垫之意，但是出现在海洋里就奇怪了。实际上此处它是指用绳子捆扎起来的木排而已，多用来阻拦水流。

独特的宗教因素

最后一点，西方文化中永恒不可或缺的组成部分——宗教，永远是压在译者心头的一块巨石。西方许多著名的翻译学家认为，译者的双文化背景，尤其是宗教和哲学知识甚至比双语功底更为重要。

还是拿新概念第四册为例，第5课是一篇讲述大猩猩的课文，它的题目是 No Room in the Ark。单看这个题目：方舟中无容身之地，看起来似懂非懂，很多读者不明白作者的用意何在。但熟知西方宗教的读者一定知道：“方舟”一词，在《圣经》中的地位举足轻重。它是指传说中的诺亚方舟。远古时代诺亚方舟不仅解救人类于洪水之中，更重要的是，诺亚在方舟中也安放了家里的各种动物，从而使它们免受灭顶之灾。明白了这一点，作者的用意也就一清二楚了：这篇文章是用题目告诉我们，大猩猩在这个世界已经濒临灭绝了。

篇5：21世纪英语第四册翻译

Driven by a strong will, he eventually fulfilled the task he had undertaken

2.他许诺一到那儿就给我写信，但至今仍杳无音信。

He promised to write to me as soon as he got there, but nothing has been heard of him so far.3.老板从来没有对任何员工如此满意过，这个年轻人确实是个难得的人才。

The boss has never been so pleased with any employee before.The young man is a real find.4.在医生和护士的帮助下，病人再一次站了起来，不久便重新开始工作。

With the help of the doctors and nurses, the patient was able to stand on his feet once more and soon resumed working.5．老人那张布满皱纹的脸表明了他一辈子所忍受的苦难。

The old man’s wrinkled face spoke of the hardships he had endured in his life.6.当她身体恢复了一些，她就倚在窗口，望着孩子们在草地上玩耍。

When she recovered somewhat, she leaned on the window watching the children play on the lawn.1.他没有通过考试，但这是他自己的过错，他从来就不用功。

He failed the test but it was his own fault;he never did any work.2．她告诉我她被一个自称(claim)为银行家儿子的年轻人骗了。

She told me she had been deceived by a young man who claimed to be the son of a banker.3.玛丽离开了她的丈夫，因为她再也无法忍受他的残酷无情了。

Mary left her husband because she couldn’t stand his cruelty any longer.4．妈妈坚持的一点是，约翰必须做完作业才能看电视。

One thing that Mom insisted on was that John finish his homework before watching any TV programs.5．当比尔过分痴迷于网上聊天时，事情开始变了。他不再是那个初进大学时勤奋学习的学生了。

When Bill became overly obsessed with online chatting, things began to change.No longer was he the hard working student he was when he first came to college.6.我一开始就告诉过你，网上约会与实际在一起生活根本不是一回事。

I told you from the beginning that there was a world of difference between online dating and actually living together.1.演出结束后，观众们都激动地站了起来，真挚的掌声持续了好几分钟。

After the performance, the audience all came excitedly to their feet with genuine applause that lasted for quite a few minutes.2．看见我恐慌的样子，女主持人安慰我说接下去指示我做的肯定是我做得到的。

Seeing me in panic, the hostess reassured me that what I was instructed to do next was something I was definitely capable of.3.整个下午他完全被一道分数题吸引住了，难怪他解出题目时欣喜万分。

He was completely absorbed by a fraction problem the whole afternoon.No wonder he was overjoyed when he finally worked the problem out.4．“亨利一旦沉浸到自己的思绪当中，就跟聋子差不多。”史密斯太太这样评论道。

“Once Henry is submerged in his own thoughts, he’s virtually deaf.” Thus remarked Mrs.Smith.5．你不觉得在我们还不能确定数据的准确性的情况下匆忙下结论是不安全的吗？

Don’t you think it’s unsafe to conclude hastily when we are not sure about the accuracy of the

statistics?

6.她很不自在地在钢琴前坐下，试着弹了一个音符(note)。这是她第一次接触乐器。

She sat uneasily in front of the piano and ventured a note.It was her first time to touch a musical instrument.1.我已决定不去面试，因为招聘广告明明白白地说只有大学毕业生才有资格干这份工作。I have decided not to go to the interview because the job advertisement has made it clear that only a college graduate is eligible for the post.2．她让儿子每天练钢琴。看来，她是铁了心要把儿子培养成钢琴家。

She makes her son practice the piano every day.It seems that she has set her heart on making a pianist of her son.3.我小的时候喜欢给妈妈跑腿。找回的零钱我可以自己留着。

When I was a child, I enjoyed doing errands for my mother.I could keep the small change.4．他的精彩表演感染了每一个观众，自始至终没有一个人发出一点声音。

His excellent performance spoke to every member of the audience.No one made any sound throughout it.5．当我最后终于有时间去医院看他时，已经为时太晚。

When I finally got around to visiting him in hospital, it was too late.6.既然他这么倔(stubborn)，我也不打算去说服他考虑我们的建议了。

Since he is so stubborn, I don’t intend to talk him into considering our suggestion, either.1.由于一次裁员行动和一次重大的银行合并，我一贯有条不紊的生活变得充满了变化。As a result of a downsizing initiative and a major bank merger, my usually well-ordered life became fraught with changes.2.尽管我生性沉默寡言，但我充分利用了课堂上做口头陈述的机会，这使我不久就信心倍增。Although I am a rather reticent individual by nature, I made the most of the oral presentations in class.And soon my confidence level soared.3.这位年轻人放弃了稳定的未来，跳出自己的舒适圈，重返激烈的竞争，这使他的亲友们都惊叹不已。Much to the amazement of his friends and relatives, the young man

gave up his secure future, stepped out his comfort zone and rejoined the “rat race.”

4.无论在我们的人生道路上遇到什么坎坷，拥有积极的态度才能为未来打开空间。

No matter what life throws our way, having a positive attitude makes room for the future.5.当然，事业有成是我渴望实现的一个个人目标，但为了物质的东西和个人的荣誉而工作却从来不是我最优先考虑的东西。

Of course, having a fulfilling career is a personal goal I long to achieve.However, working towards materialistic things and personal

glorification has never been my first priority.6.失去了工作以后，他重回大学，并最终获得了一份毕业证书。

篇6：21世纪英语第四册翻译

Unit 1

5.1.forbade 2.mourning 3.charge 4.accumulate 5.begged 6.declared 7.narrow

8.penniless 9.unloading 10.stolen 11.absence 12.faithfully

6.1.a good deal of 2.speak of 3.leaning on 4.stood on his feet 5.at(the)most

6.both…and 7.counted out 8.with the help of 9.heard of 10.be blessed with

10.1.Driven by a strong will, he eventually fulfilled the task he had undertaken.2.He promised to write to me as soon as he got there, but nothing has been heard of him so far.3.The boss has never been so pleased with any employee before.The young man is a real find.4.With the help of the doctors and nurses, the patient was able to stand on his feet once more and soon resumed working.5.The old man’s wrinkled face spoke of the hardships he had endured in his life.6.When she recovered somewhat, she leaned on the window watching the children play on the lawn.Unit 2

5.1.statistics 2.versions 3.legal 4.adventurous 5.fate 6.indeed 7.chatting

8.online 9.owed 10.Internet 11.Hopefully 12.expenses

6.1.insisted on 2.gave…notice 3.base…on 4.from the beginning 5.in the middle of

6.take…off from work 7.every so often 8.fell asleep 9.conform to 10.leave for

11.1.He failed the test but it was his own fault;he never did any work.She told me she had been deceived by a young man who claimed to be the son of a banker.3.Mary left her husband because she couldn’t stand his cruelty any longer.4.One thing that Mom insisted on was that John finish his homework before watching any TV programs.5.When Bill became overly obsessed with online chatting, things began to change.No longer was he the hard working student he was when he first came to college.6.I told you from the beginning that there was a world of difference between online dating and actually living together.Unit 3

5.1.concert 2.virtually 3.genuine 4.applaud 5.performance 6.conclude

7.distinguished 8.instrument9.instructed 10.absorb 11.Evidently 12.favorite

6.1.At last 2.be capable of 3.was fond of 4.came to its feet 5.be turned off 6.in panic

7.go on to 8.work out 9.was…engaged in 10.reach for

10.1.After the performance, the audience all came excitedly to their feet with genuine applause that lasted for quite a few minutes.2.Seeing me in panic, the hostess reassured me that what I was instructed to do next was something I was definitely capable of.3.He was completely absorbed by a fraction problem the whole afternoon.No wonder he was overjoyed when he finally worked the problem out.4.“Once Henry is submerged in his own thoughts, he’s virtually deaf.” Thus remarked Mrs.Smith.5.Don’t you think it’s unsafe to conclude hastily when we are not sure about the accuracy of the statistics?

6.She sat uneasily in front of the piano and ventured a note.It was her first time to touch a musical instrument.Unit 4

5.1.article 2.savings 3.generous 4.adopted 5.conceited 6.functions 7.tape

8.headlines 9.donate 10.Entrance 11.press 12.monthly

6.1.turned around 2.talk into 3.got around to 4.his heart set on 5.in turn 6.give back

7.comes up 8.by hand 9.adds to 10.pack into

10.1.I have decided not to go to the interview because the job advertisement has made it clear that only a college graduate is eligible for the post.2.She makes her son practice the piano every day.It seems that she has set her heart on making a pianist of her son.3.When I was a child, I enjoyed doing errands for my mother.I could keep the small change.4.His excellent performance spoke to every member of the audience.No one made any sound throughout it.5.When I finally got around to visiting him in hospital, it was too late.6.Since he is so stubborn, I don’t intend to talk him into considering our suggestion, either.Unit 5

5.1.endless 2.revise 3.anticipate 4.voluntary 5.beforehand 6.income 7.inner

8.oral 9.eagerly 10.secure 11.financial 12.disposing

6.1.ended up 2.care for 3.make room for 4.was responsible for 5.by nature

6.find their voices 7.make the most of 8.step out of

10.1.As a result of a downsizing initiative and a major bank merger, my usually well-ordered life became fraught with changes.2.Although I am a rather reticent individual by nature, I made the most of the oral presentations in class.And soon my confidence level soared.3.Much to the amazement of his friends and relatives, the young man gave up his secure future, stepped out his comfort zone and rejoined the “rat race.”

4.No matter what life throws our way, having a positive attitude makes room for the future.5.Of course, having a fulfilling career is a personal goal I long to achieve.However, working towards materialistic things and personal glorification has never been my first priority.6.Having lost his job, he returned to college and ended up acquiring a diploma.Unit 6

5.1.custom 2.had intended 3.emphasized 4.method 5.appointment 6.election

7.paused 8.preparation 10.dislike 11.hobby 12.unite

6.1.am inclined to 2.disagreed on 3.on the other hand 4.have nothing to do with

5.made an effort 6.common ground 7.leave…with 8.no better than

10.1.The new agreement is based on the original United Nations proposal.2.I’ll take this English test even if it takes weeks or months of preparation.3.In order to sell anybody anything in five minutes or less, you have to find common ground on which you and your client can stand together.4.Yes, you must work harder in your studies.But it does not mean that you have to sacrifice your health for better grades.5.We’re not here to talk about what divides us.We’re here to find the things that bind us together.6.In some cases you have to stoop to conquer.But does it mean that you have to sacrifice your integrity? Certainly not.Unit 7

5.1.urgent 2.submit 3.noble 4.have deteriorated 5.immediate 6.discern 7.mix

8.former 9.summarized 10.unbearable 11.were voted 12.overturn

6.1.open to 2.participate in 3.on hand 4.From then on 5.up until then 6.en route

7.in…need of 8.as long as

10.1.While attending Columbia, Li Ming became good friends with Wang Ying, a twenty-year-old girl from Hong Kong.2.Encouraged by his instructor, John decided to make medicine his life’s career.3.Less than a month after he came to McGill University, Dr.Johnson submitted to the president a detailed plan for setting up a new laboratory in the biology department.4.After receiving the urgent cablegram from his former instructor, Dr.Drew immediately set to work and organized the “Blood for Britain” campaign.5.At the beginning of the following year, thousands of American soldiers were killed or injured on the battlefield.6.In a series of experiments, Dr.Drew discovered that plasma could be given to any patient regardless of blood type.Unit 8

5.1.international 2.atmosphere 3.afford 4.voyage 5.exhibition 6.Monument

7.sightseeing 8.destination 9.nowadays 10.remote 11.principal 12.employed

13.attracts

6.1.Apart from 2.Of course 3.set aside 4.caters to 5.made arrangements for

6.to name just a few 7.choose from 8.in addition to